Title: Clusters espaciais de alta detecção de hanseníase no Brasil: definição e descrição de seu perfil socioeconômico
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Leprosy remains endemic in Brazil and its control plan are among the main objectives at national level. The knowledge of clusters areas in the country, corroborates the planning, monitoring and evaluation of efforts to control endemic in these areas. OBJETIVE: To study the spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil in the period 2010-2012. METHODS: Data sources were obtained by Data Center of Health System, Ministry of Health of Brazil (DATASUS) and by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Indicators of leprosy control by state are presented. Spatial clusters were defined using spatial scan statistics. All cases of a municipalities were allocated the geographical
position of the town hall. and to estimate the areas of clusters was used maximum radius of 500 km. Analysis for the 100.118 new cases of leprosy reported in 5.565 Brazilian municipalities were used. The distribution of some social economic indicator of the municipalities included in the clusters are compared with the remaining municipalities of Brazil. RESULTS: The case detection rates showed variations, indicating that the level of endemicity from low to hyper-endemic among brazilian states. The study confirmed the magnitude of the disease in the north and midwest where concentrate of the endemics of the country. The spatial scan statistic identified 27 areas of high risk for leprosy. The cluster
number 1, the most likely, was located on the north-northeast region of the country and included 387 counties in four brazilian states showing a relative risk = 4.38 and p<0.001. Cluster areas are municipalities with the worst socioeconomic indicators and with over half the numbers of new cases in the country. However, these areas showed a reduction in the overall detection rate of approximately 11% when compared to the data of the previous three years (2007-2009). CONCLUSION: The central-west, north and northeast of the country are endemic for leprosy and the clusters found in this study reflect the real situation of the disease in the country, pointing to the need to prioritize the planning of strategic interventions and more effective monitoring, thus promoting, greater impact on changes in the epidemiological situation of the country
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-01-01
Language: en
Type: dissertation
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