Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W292445073', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'title': 'Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review', 'display_name': 'Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-12-28', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W292445073', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'mag': '292445073', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26712585'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176659572', 'display_name': 'Health & Social Care in the Community', 'issn_l': '0966-0410', 'issn': ['0966-0410', '1365-2524'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004909689', 'display_name': 'Émilie Courtin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5073-7279'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I909854389', 'display_name': 'London School of Economics and Political Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0090zs177', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I909854389']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Emilie Courtin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['London School of Economics and Political Science; Personal Social Services Research Unit; London UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'London School of Economics and Political Science; Personal Social Services Research Unit; London UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I909854389']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007323180', 'display_name': 'Martín Knapp', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-0215'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I909854389', 'display_name': 'London School of Economics and Political Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0090zs177', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I909854389']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Martin Knapp', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['London School of Economics and Political Science; Personal Social Services Research Unit; London UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'London School of Economics and Political Science; Personal Social Services Research Unit; London UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I909854389']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 2.166, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1115, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.683473, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '25', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '799', 'last_page': '812'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10235', 'display_name': 'Health disparities and outcomes', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3306', 'display_name': 'Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10235', 'display_name': 'Health disparities and outcomes', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3306', 'display_name': 'Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11244', 'display_name': 'Climate Change and Health Impacts', 'score': 0.9917, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2307', 'display_name': 'Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12947', 'display_name': 'Health, psychology, and well-being', 'score': 0.9883, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/social-isolation', 'display_name': 'Social Isolation', 'score': 0.8339243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation', 'display_name': 'Isolation', 'score': 0.52520734}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779998236', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223270', 'display_name': 'Loneliness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9772086}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776893239', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778765', 'display_name': 'Social isolation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8339243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27415008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382', 'display_name': 'Psychological intervention', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6476546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775941552', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305', 'display_name': 'Isolation (microbiology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52520734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5051423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74909509', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387', 'display_name': 'Gerontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46980673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42396986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38823316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118552586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21984547}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19345564}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D006304', 'descriptor_name': 'Health Status', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008132', 'descriptor_name': 'Loneliness', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012934', 'descriptor_name': 'Social Isolation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008603', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Health', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012307', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176659572', 'display_name': 'Health & Social Care in the Community', 'issn_l': '0966-0410', 'issn': ['0966-0410', '1365-2524'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/61768/1/Courtin_Knapp_Social%20isolation%20loneliness%20and%20health%20in%20old%20age%20a%20scoping%20review_2015_author%20.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/61768/1/Courtin_Knapp_Social%20isolation%20loneliness%20and%20health%20in%20old%20age%20a%20scoping%20review_2015_author%20.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401594', 'display_name': 'London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I909854389', 'host_organization_name': 'London School of Economics and Political Science', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I909854389'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['London School of Economics and Political Science'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'mit', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/mit', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26712585', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/hsc.12311', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176659572', 'display_name': 'Health & Social Care in the Community', 'issn_l': '0966-0410', 'issn': ['0966-0410', '1365-2524'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10', 'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities', 'score': 0.77}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320319990', 'funder_display_name': 'National Institute for Health and Care Research', 'award_id': None}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 132, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1560699213', 'https://openalex.org/W1571482419', 'https://openalex.org/W1597710518', 'https://openalex.org/W1862651189', 'https://openalex.org/W1907015480', 'https://openalex.org/W1964811997', 'https://openalex.org/W1968190689', 'https://openalex.org/W1970094424', 'https://openalex.org/W1973173372', 'https://openalex.org/W1974491817', 'https://openalex.org/W1974785451', 'https://openalex.org/W1980500418', 'https://openalex.org/W1981259350', 'https://openalex.org/W1981819435', 'https://openalex.org/W1981983545', 'https://openalex.org/W1984473943', 'https://openalex.org/W1984767015', 'https://openalex.org/W1989247363', 'https://openalex.org/W1989331742', 'https://openalex.org/W1989872734', 'https://openalex.org/W1993464145', 'https://openalex.org/W1995640637', 'https://openalex.org/W1995773256', 'https://openalex.org/W1998082777', 'https://openalex.org/W2003490123', 'https://openalex.org/W2004761428', 'https://openalex.org/W2006079974', 'https://openalex.org/W2006195892', 'https://openalex.org/W2007185467', 'https://openalex.org/W2008067465', 'https://openalex.org/W2012842869', 'https://openalex.org/W2013283005', 'https://openalex.org/W2014870352', 'https://openalex.org/W2015680296', 'https://openalex.org/W2018849096', 'https://openalex.org/W2022493464', 'https://openalex.org/W2025274384', 'https://openalex.org/W2025380329', 'https://openalex.org/W2026263655', 'https://openalex.org/W2026424619', 'https://openalex.org/W2027602209', 'https://openalex.org/W2028618936', 'https://openalex.org/W2029943398', 'https://openalex.org/W2030442670', 'https://openalex.org/W2032993429', 'https://openalex.org/W2034779282', 'https://openalex.org/W2035180580', 'https://openalex.org/W2035443660', 'https://openalex.org/W2048168755', 'https://openalex.org/W2052245613', 'https://openalex.org/W2055980762', 'https://openalex.org/W2056263893', 'https://openalex.org/W2060461618', 'https://openalex.org/W2063532486', 'https://openalex.org/W2064240175', 'https://openalex.org/W2065425406', 'https://openalex.org/W2066794246', 'https://openalex.org/W2067749423', 'https://openalex.org/W2068901441', 'https://openalex.org/W2072306089', 'https://openalex.org/W2073006884', 'https://openalex.org/W2074948885', 'https://openalex.org/W2075174473', 'https://openalex.org/W2075950485', 'https://openalex.org/W2076208799', 'https://openalex.org/W2077392501', 'https://openalex.org/W2080427168', 'https://openalex.org/W2083512721', 'https://openalex.org/W2083960787', 'https://openalex.org/W2086463261', 'https://openalex.org/W2086741687', 'https://openalex.org/W2086888396', 'https://openalex.org/W2088339040', 'https://openalex.org/W2095349644', 'https://openalex.org/W2096397213', 'https://openalex.org/W2097909227', 'https://openalex.org/W2098003297', 'https://openalex.org/W2098713693', 'https://openalex.org/W2099486814', 'https://openalex.org/W2099729134', 'https://openalex.org/W2101196871', 'https://openalex.org/W2102726364', 'https://openalex.org/W2103219244', 'https://openalex.org/W2105403790', 'https://openalex.org/W2105547874', 'https://openalex.org/W2107269725', 'https://openalex.org/W2109216246', 'https://openalex.org/W2109847451', 'https://openalex.org/W2109931485', 'https://openalex.org/W2110371019', 'https://openalex.org/W2112157145', 'https://openalex.org/W2114812331', 'https://openalex.org/W2114885541', 'https://openalex.org/W2115916424', 'https://openalex.org/W2117584242', 'https://openalex.org/W2117614628', 'https://openalex.org/W2117685742', 'https://openalex.org/W2120373321', 'https://openalex.org/W2121780320', 'https://openalex.org/W2122078310', 'https://openalex.org/W2122122907', 'https://openalex.org/W2122524132', 'https://openalex.org/W2124864001', 'https://openalex.org/W2126911966', 'https://openalex.org/W2127756161', 'https://openalex.org/W2131374070', 'https://openalex.org/W2134217386', 'https://openalex.org/W2135298297', 'https://openalex.org/W2137454131', 'https://openalex.org/W2138720796', 'https://openalex.org/W2139317496', 'https://openalex.org/W2139433778', 'https://openalex.org/W2139540989', 'https://openalex.org/W2143288954', 'https://openalex.org/W2147595723', 'https://openalex.org/W2148473989', 'https://openalex.org/W2149495472', 'https://openalex.org/W2153353121', 'https://openalex.org/W2154406753', 'https://openalex.org/W2158159083', 'https://openalex.org/W2159639587', 'https://openalex.org/W2160788840', 'https://openalex.org/W2161504784', 'https://openalex.org/W2162577640', 'https://openalex.org/W2163448249', 'https://openalex.org/W2168289525', 'https://openalex.org/W2170898127', 'https://openalex.org/W2329202675', 'https://openalex.org/W2334587181', 'https://openalex.org/W2584428561', 'https://openalex.org/W305800854', 'https://openalex.org/W4251189184'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4401829820', 'https://openalex.org/W4398251808', 'https://openalex.org/W4249455407', 'https://openalex.org/W3193419280', 'https://openalex.org/W3178035811', 'https://openalex.org/W3003190291', 'https://openalex.org/W2960466180', 'https://openalex.org/W2900135057', 'https://openalex.org/W2341233554', 'https://openalex.org/W1521092351'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 17, 113], 'health': [1, 59, 144], 'and': [2, 8, 31, 35, 69, 97, 104, 111, 118, 139, 142, 172, 178, 193, 214, 217], 'well-being': [3], 'consequences': [4], 'of': [5, 19, 27, 50, 58, 75, 99, 132, 136, 163, 187, 197], 'social': [6, 51, 124, 137, 215], 'isolation': [7, 52, 138, 164, 216], 'loneliness': [9, 54, 119, 166, 213], 'in': [10, 61, 84, 194], 'old': [11, 62], 'age': [12], 'are': [13, 145, 174], 'increasingly': [14], 'being': [15], 'recognised.': [16], 'purpose': [18], 'this': [20], 'scoping': [21, 86], 'review': [22], 'was': [23], 'to': [24, 32, 176, 203], 'take': [25], 'stock': [26], 'the': [28, 48, 85, 95, 100, 130, 133, 146, 195, 206, 209, 218], 'available': [29], 'evidence': [30, 114, 207, 219], 'highlight': [33], 'gaps': [34], 'areas': [36], 'for': [37, 44, 212], 'future': [38], 'research.': [39], 'We': [40, 183], 'searched': [41], 'nine': [42], 'databases': [43], 'empirical': [45], 'papers': [46], 'investigating': [47], 'impact': [49, 222], 'and/or': [53], 'on': [55, 94, 167, 190, 208, 220, 223], 'a': [56, 92, 160, 185], 'range': [57], 'outcomes': [60], 'age.': [63], 'Our': [64], 'search,': [65], 'conducted': [66], 'between': [67], 'July': [68], 'September': [70], '2013': [71], 'yielded': [72], '11,736': [73], 'articles,': [74], 'which': [76], '128': [77], 'items': [78], 'from': [79], '15': [80], 'countries': [81], 'were': [82, 89], 'included': [83], 'review.': [87], 'Papers': [88], 'reviewed,': [90], 'with': [91], 'focus': [93], 'definitions': [96], 'measurements': [98], 'two': [101], 'concepts,': [102], 'associations': [103], 'causal': [105, 170], 'mechanisms,': [106], 'differences': [107], 'across': [108], 'population': [109], 'groups': [110], 'interventions.': [112, 198], 'is': [115, 120, 129, 181], 'largely': [116], 'US-focused,': [117], 'more': [121], 'researched': [122, 149], 'than': [123], 'isolation.': [125], 'A': [126], 'recent': [127], 'trend': [128], 'investigation': [131, 180], 'comparative': [134], 'effects': [135], 'loneliness.': [140], 'Depression': [141], 'cardiovascular': [143], 'most': [147], 'often': [148], 'outcomes,': [150], 'followed': [151], 'by': [152], 'well-being.': [153], 'Almost': [154], 'all': [155], '(but': [156], 'two)': [157], 'studies': [158], 'found': [159, 184], 'detrimental': [161], 'effect': [162], 'or': [165], 'health.': [168, 224], 'However,': [169], 'links': [171], 'mechanisms': [173], 'difficult': [175], 'demonstrate,': [177], 'further': [179], 'warranted.': [182], 'paucity': [186], 'research': [188, 200], 'focusing': [189], 'at-risk': [191], 'sub-groups': [192], 'area': [196], 'Future': [199], 'should': [201], 'aim': [202], 'better': [204], 'link': [205], 'risk': [210], 'factors': [211], 'their': [221]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W292445073', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 151}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 198}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 217}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 236}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 172}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-20T15:29:23.923812', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}