Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2908851900', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'title': 'Carbon‐Based Metal‐Free ORR Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells: Past, Present, and Future', 'display_name': 'Carbon‐Based Metal‐Free ORR Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells: Past, Present, and Future', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-01-13', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2908851900', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'mag': '2908851900', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30637835'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'pdf_url': 'https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S99352657', 'display_name': 'Advanced Materials', 'issn_l': '0935-9648', 'issn': ['0935-9648', '1521-4095'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006806480', 'display_name': 'Lijun Yang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5392-558X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I881766915', 'display_name': 'Nanjing University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01rxvg760', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I881766915']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lijun Yang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I881766915']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017390855', 'display_name': 'Jianglan Shui', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5935-5733'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I82880672', 'display_name': 'Beihang University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00wk2mp56', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I82880672']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jianglan Shui', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083 China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083 China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I82880672']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050325200', 'display_name': 'Lei Du', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-4748'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'display_name': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05h992307', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325736334', 'https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lei Du', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I142606810']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058370790', 'display_name': 'Yuyan Shao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-2670'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'display_name': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05h992307', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325736334', 'https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yuyan Shao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I142606810']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100362071', 'display_name': 'Jun Liu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-0292'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'display_name': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05h992307', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325736334', 'https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jun Liu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I142606810']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025689163', 'display_name': 'Liming Dai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I58956616', 'display_name': 'Case Western Reserve University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/051fd9666', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I58956616']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Liming Dai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I58956616']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007904284', 'display_name': 'Zheng Hu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-899X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I881766915', 'display_name': 'Nanjing University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01rxvg760', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I881766915']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Zheng Hu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I881766915']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5007904284'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I881766915'], 'apc_list': {'value': 5250, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 5250, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 6.981, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 804, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.995181, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '31', 'issue': '13', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10030', 'display_name': 'Electrocatalysis for Energy Conversion', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2105', 'display_name': 'Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/21', 'display_name': 'Energy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10030', 'display_name': 'Electrocatalysis for Energy Conversion', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2105', 'display_name': 'Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/21', 'display_name': 'Energy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10409', 'display_name': 'Fuel Cell Membrane Technology', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11690', 'display_name': 'Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Technology', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers', 'display_name': 'Carbon fibers', 'score': 0.64511573}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-organic-frameworks', 'display_name': 'Metal-Organic Frameworks', 'score': 0.532059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cell-durability', 'display_name': 'Fuel Cell Durability', 'score': 0.508126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-fuel-cells', 'display_name': 'Alkaline Fuel Cells', 'score': 0.506448}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-reduction', 'display_name': 'Oxygen Reduction', 'score': 0.505763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells', 'display_name': 'Fuel Cells', 'score': 0.505493}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/precious-metal', 'display_name': 'Precious metal', 'score': 0.42301363}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2987658370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253', 'display_name': 'Fuel cells', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.71566254}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994571290', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106750579', 'display_name': 'Oxygen reduction reaction', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7118233}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.696892}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992754303', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641506', 'display_name': 'Oxygen reduction', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.66002023}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140205800', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860', 'display_name': 'Carbon fibers', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64511573}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6265532}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161790260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264', 'display_name': 'Catalysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47200653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778146478', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271449', 'display_name': 'Precious metal', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42301363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544153396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426', 'display_name': 'Metal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.40206355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C183696295', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696', 'display_name': 'Biochemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3436551}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2261248}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16442001}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16256768}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52859227', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877', 'display_name': 'Electrochemistry', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16103783}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10821432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17525397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140', 'display_name': 'Electrode', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09716976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06736001}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06256729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147789679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372', 'display_name': 'Physical chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.05923578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104779481', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707', 'display_name': 'Composite number', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'pdf_url': 'https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S99352657', 'display_name': 'Advanced Materials', 'issn_l': '0935-9648', 'issn': ['0935-9648', '1521-4095'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1490764', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402487', 'display_name': 'OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I139351228', 'host_organization_name': 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I139351228'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Office of Scientific and Technical Information'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30637835', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'pdf_url': 'https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/adma.201804799', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S99352657', 'display_name': 'Advanced Materials', 'issn_l': '0935-9648', 'issn': ['0935-9648', '1521-4095'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320306084', 'funder_display_name': 'U.S. Department of Energy', 'award_id': None}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '21573107'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '51232003'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '51571110'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 217, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1179743453', 'https://openalex.org/W1668366526', 'https://openalex.org/W1945478978', 'https://openalex.org/W1960807188', 'https://openalex.org/W1972974503', 'https://openalex.org/W1973836541', 'https://openalex.org/W1976560488', 'https://openalex.org/W1979396951', 'https://openalex.org/W1979806393', 'https://openalex.org/W1979974916', 'https://openalex.org/W1981877594', 'https://openalex.org/W1985618242', 'https://openalex.org/W1993256145', 'https://openalex.org/W2001312302', 'https://openalex.org/W2001716029', 'https://openalex.org/W2002634552', 'https://openalex.org/W2002655208', 'https://openalex.org/W2004597094', 'https://openalex.org/W2004705026', 'https://openalex.org/W2009901571', 'https://openalex.org/W2010839765', 'https://openalex.org/W2012176181', 'https://openalex.org/W2015920224', 'https://openalex.org/W2018377452', 'https://openalex.org/W2020067187', 'https://openalex.org/W2020436181', 'https://openalex.org/W2022969092', 'https://openalex.org/W2024386571', 'https://openalex.org/W2028899244', 'https://openalex.org/W2031075278', 'https://openalex.org/W2032741794', 'https://openalex.org/W2034291571', 'https://openalex.org/W2034966237', 'https://openalex.org/W2039051253', 'https://openalex.org/W2040700209', 'https://openalex.org/W2041004975', 'https://openalex.org/W2046472935', 'https://openalex.org/W2051187371', 'https://openalex.org/W2052246714', 'https://openalex.org/W2054311870', 'https://openalex.org/W2056670770', 'https://openalex.org/W2064208600', 'https://openalex.org/W2070882644', 'https://openalex.org/W2071912417', 'https://openalex.org/W2072470223', 'https://openalex.org/W2073356598', 'https://openalex.org/W2077165634', 'https://openalex.org/W2080552958', 'https://openalex.org/W2080571881', 'https://openalex.org/W2080646018', 'https://openalex.org/W2081774915', 'https://openalex.org/W2082053544', 'https://openalex.org/W2085572718', 'https://openalex.org/W2086659677', 'https://openalex.org/W2089243733', 'https://openalex.org/W2091091467', 'https://openalex.org/W2091938741', 'https://openalex.org/W2095597250', 'https://openalex.org/W2097201662', 'https://openalex.org/W2098103884', 'https://openalex.org/W2100647938', 'https://openalex.org/W2106972620', 'https://openalex.org/W2110517612', 'https://openalex.org/W2113207824', 'https://openalex.org/W2116534567', 'https://openalex.org/W2119858114', 'https://openalex.org/W2121730809', 'https://openalex.org/W2123661814', 'https://openalex.org/W2125871600', 'https://openalex.org/W2128984439', 'https://openalex.org/W2130774690', 'https://openalex.org/W2139962351', 'https://openalex.org/W2140592358', 'https://openalex.org/W2141151138', 'https://openalex.org/W2147113321', 'https://openalex.org/W2149688887', 'https://openalex.org/W2149970240', 'https://openalex.org/W2150556972', 'https://openalex.org/W2150914893', 'https://openalex.org/W2154678373', 'https://openalex.org/W2156690876', 'https://openalex.org/W2158935823', 'https://openalex.org/W2159739043', 'https://openalex.org/W2161109166', 'https://openalex.org/W2163409681', 'https://openalex.org/W2167400222', 'https://openalex.org/W217723822', 'https://openalex.org/W2185048183', 'https://openalex.org/W2185137198', 'https://openalex.org/W2189816329', 'https://openalex.org/W2190851743', 'https://openalex.org/W2195292511', 'https://openalex.org/W2203028017', 'https://openalex.org/W2203309456', 'https://openalex.org/W2204922787', 'https://openalex.org/W2206659965', 'https://openalex.org/W2210222835', 'https://openalex.org/W2224863865', 'https://openalex.org/W2267034819', 'https://openalex.org/W2272252865', 'https://openalex.org/W2280157353', 'https://openalex.org/W2284343672', 'https://openalex.org/W2285561092', 'https://openalex.org/W2289295430', 'https://openalex.org/W2295933175', 'https://openalex.org/W2299947148', 'https://openalex.org/W2312071824', 'https://openalex.org/W2312545090', 'https://openalex.org/W2315508557', 'https://openalex.org/W2319861996', 'https://openalex.org/W2323446835', 'https://openalex.org/W2323744207', 'https://openalex.org/W2324011859', 'https://openalex.org/W2324425607', 'https://openalex.org/W2327282243', 'https://openalex.org/W2327461050', 'https://openalex.org/W2331319238', 'https://openalex.org/W2334003423', 'https://openalex.org/W2340409566', 'https://openalex.org/W2345525395', 'https://openalex.org/W2346795724', 'https://openalex.org/W2346966993', 'https://openalex.org/W2364175558', 'https://openalex.org/W2399150020', 'https://openalex.org/W2405559830', 'https://openalex.org/W2410957004', 'https://openalex.org/W2442444723', 'https://openalex.org/W2461109461', 'https://openalex.org/W2463476381', 'https://openalex.org/W2467092389', 'https://openalex.org/W2508518938', 'https://openalex.org/W2514161908', 'https://openalex.org/W2520851868', 'https://openalex.org/W2521003546', 'https://openalex.org/W2521557366', 'https://openalex.org/W2527336473', 'https://openalex.org/W2528073460', 'https://openalex.org/W2530801315', 'https://openalex.org/W2530911933', 'https://openalex.org/W2531188126', 'https://openalex.org/W2532147527', 'https://openalex.org/W2551937345', 'https://openalex.org/W2555657953', 'https://openalex.org/W2556056917', 'https://openalex.org/W2556344810', 'https://openalex.org/W2559542193', 'https://openalex.org/W2560276111', 'https://openalex.org/W2560553540', 'https://openalex.org/W2564480417', 'https://openalex.org/W2565391790', 'https://openalex.org/W2570057931', 'https://openalex.org/W2572403440', 'https://openalex.org/W2572858587', 'https://openalex.org/W2575823937', 'https://openalex.org/W2581219919', 'https://openalex.org/W2584590858', 'https://openalex.org/W2589774926', 'https://openalex.org/W2590411640', 'https://openalex.org/W2597640399', 'https://openalex.org/W2604319709', 'https://openalex.org/W2604443026', 'https://openalex.org/W2607374049', 'https://openalex.org/W2624911814', 'https://openalex.org/W2640908313', 'https://openalex.org/W2699542078', 'https://openalex.org/W2724455941', 'https://openalex.org/W2727784245', 'https://openalex.org/W2742328466', 'https://openalex.org/W2745044252', 'https://openalex.org/W2749480060', 'https://openalex.org/W2750600165', 'https://openalex.org/W2752001983', 'https://openalex.org/W2752952067', 'https://openalex.org/W2755512703', 'https://openalex.org/W2757951566', 'https://openalex.org/W2759070448', 'https://openalex.org/W2759783525', 'https://openalex.org/W2761964773', 'https://openalex.org/W2763296290', 'https://openalex.org/W2765903781', 'https://openalex.org/W2765946610', 'https://openalex.org/W2766390428', 'https://openalex.org/W2767400178', 'https://openalex.org/W2771259291', 'https://openalex.org/W2772969282', 'https://openalex.org/W2773728004', 'https://openalex.org/W2779635942', 'https://openalex.org/W2780504013', 'https://openalex.org/W2785420775', 'https://openalex.org/W2786871886', 'https://openalex.org/W2790846111', 'https://openalex.org/W2790970368', 'https://openalex.org/W2791055219', 'https://openalex.org/W2791595804', 'https://openalex.org/W2791710039', 'https://openalex.org/W2792047132', 'https://openalex.org/W2792063676', 'https://openalex.org/W2793378173', 'https://openalex.org/W2800653086', 'https://openalex.org/W2800747367', 'https://openalex.org/W2801075518', 'https://openalex.org/W2801340364', 'https://openalex.org/W2801525843', 'https://openalex.org/W2803258243', 'https://openalex.org/W2806622055', 'https://openalex.org/W2807181072', 'https://openalex.org/W2812075737', 'https://openalex.org/W2825762171', 'https://openalex.org/W2884268322', 'https://openalex.org/W2888562279', 'https://openalex.org/W2890548935', 'https://openalex.org/W2890648765', 'https://openalex.org/W3084576056', 'https://openalex.org/W4212777649', 'https://openalex.org/W4239808179', 'https://openalex.org/W4246133543', 'https://openalex.org/W4254736414'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3214246289', 'https://openalex.org/W3202290327', 'https://openalex.org/W2999790086', 'https://openalex.org/W2887442944', 'https://openalex.org/W2746095059', 'https://openalex.org/W2735854538', 'https://openalex.org/W2358385886', 'https://openalex.org/W2343186665', 'https://openalex.org/W2055689768', 'https://openalex.org/W2025970332'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Replacing': [1], 'precious': [2], 'platinum': [3], 'with': [4, 110], 'earth‐abundant': [5], 'materials': [6], 'for': [7, 21, 114], 'the': [8, 18, 25, 29, 48, 52, 66, 70, 85, 103, 115], 'oxygen': [9], 'reduction': [10], 'reaction': [11], '(ORR)': [12], 'in': [13, 32, 46, 96], 'fuel': [14], 'cells': [15], 'has': [16, 35, 43], 'been': [17, 36, 44], 'objective': [19], 'worldwide': [20], 'several': [22], 'decades.': [23], 'In': [24], 'last': [26], '10': [27], 'years,': [28], 'fastest‐growing': [30], 'branch': [31], 'this': [33, 60], 'area': [34], 'carbon‐based': [37, 119], 'metal‐free': [38, 120], 'ORR': [39, 121], 'electrocatalysts.': [40, 122], 'Great': [41], 'progress': [42], 'made': [45], 'promoting': [47], 'performance': [49, 94], 'and': [50, 73, 79, 90, 93, 112], 'understanding': [51, 83], 'underlying': [53], 'fundamentals.': [54], 'Here,': [55], 'a': [56], 'comprehensive': [57], 'review': [58], 'of': [59, 76, 118], 'field': [61], 'is': [62], 'presented': [63], 'by': [64], 'emphasizing': [65], 'emerging': [67], 'issues': [68], 'including': [69], 'predictive': [71], 'design': [72], 'controllable': [74], 'construction': [75], 'porous': [77], 'structures': [78], 'doping': [80], 'configurations,': [81], 'mechanistic': [82], 'from': [84], 'model': [86], 'catalysts,': [87], 'integrated': [88], 'experimental': [89], 'theoretical': [91], 'studies,': [92], 'evaluation': [95], 'full': [97], 'cells.': [98], 'Centering': [99], 'on': [100], 'these': [101], 'topics,': [102], 'most': [104], 'up‐to‐date': [105], 'results': [106], 'are': [107], 'presented,': [108], 'along': [109], 'remarks': [111], 'perspectives': [113], 'future': [116], 'development': [117]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2908851900', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 94}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 142}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 189}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 183}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 155}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 39}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T21:55:13.372796', 'created_date': '2019-01-25'}