Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2905476694', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'title': 'Positive Psychology: A Personal History', 'display_name': 'Positive Psychology: A Personal History', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-12-11', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2905476694', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'mag': '2905476694', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30525996'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S87014875', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Clinical Psychology', 'issn_l': '1548-5943', 'issn': ['1548-5943', '1548-5951'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064981523', 'display_name': 'Martin E. P. Seligman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2028-0009'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I79576946', 'display_name': 'University of Pennsylvania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00b30xv10', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Martin E.P. Seligman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5064981523'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 31.043, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 335, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.898188, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '23'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10475', 'display_name': 'Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3207', 'display_name': 'Social Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10475', 'display_name': 'Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3207', 'display_name': 'Social Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12485', 'display_name': 'Optimism, Hope, and Well-being', 'score': 0.9951, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3202', 'display_name': 'Applied Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10708', 'display_name': 'Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions', 'score': 0.9869, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3203', 'display_name': 'Clinical Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-psychology', 'display_name': 'Positive Psychology', 'score': 0.77340394}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cornerstone', 'display_name': 'Cornerstone', 'score': 0.6074451}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sport-psychology', 'display_name': 'Sport Psychology', 'score': 0.47638172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/psycinfo', 'display_name': 'PsycINFO', 'score': 0.47149274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/well-being', 'display_name': 'Well-Being', 'score': 0.43696576}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12505134', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718809', 'display_name': 'Positive psychology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77340394}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.62537956}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780616401', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133673', 'display_name': 'Cornerstone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6074451}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200113983', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48324', 'display_name': 'Morality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59369206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134362201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309', 'display_name': 'Mental health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54914886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133753094', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632190', 'display_name': 'Sport psychology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47638172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779549880', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5542226', 'display_name': 'PsycINFO', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47149274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776420229', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051', 'display_name': 'Well-being', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43696576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35595834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C542102704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257', 'display_name': 'Psychotherapist', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33574465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779473830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899', 'display_name': 'MEDLINE', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2879424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23297462}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12865615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153349607', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649', 'display_name': 'Visual arts', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000080032', 'descriptor_name': 'Psychology, Positive', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011613', 'descriptor_name': 'Psychotherapy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012958', 'descriptor_name': 'Societies, Scientific', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049673', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 20th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049674', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 21st Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000080032', 'descriptor_name': 'Psychology, Positive', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011613', 'descriptor_name': 'Psychotherapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012958', 'descriptor_name': 'Societies, Scientific', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S87014875', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Clinical Psychology', 'issn_l': '1548-5943', 'issn': ['1548-5943', '1548-5951'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30525996', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095653', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S87014875', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Clinical Psychology', 'issn_l': '1548-5943', 'issn': ['1548-5943', '1548-5951'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.47}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 39, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1001454546', 'https://openalex.org/W1976439938', 'https://openalex.org/W1983730905', 'https://openalex.org/W1992124339', 'https://openalex.org/W2045777321', 'https://openalex.org/W2057169245', 'https://openalex.org/W2057539056', 'https://openalex.org/W2057713187', 'https://openalex.org/W2097167494', 'https://openalex.org/W2099293127', 'https://openalex.org/W2108577177', 'https://openalex.org/W2109656073', 'https://openalex.org/W2120582212', 'https://openalex.org/W2128186963', 'https://openalex.org/W2134176302', 'https://openalex.org/W2137895888', 'https://openalex.org/W2140173604', 'https://openalex.org/W2144850573', 'https://openalex.org/W2152274216', 'https://openalex.org/W2152831629', 'https://openalex.org/W2155399165', 'https://openalex.org/W2156601902', 'https://openalex.org/W2164513234', 'https://openalex.org/W2341883060', 'https://openalex.org/W2528352729', 'https://openalex.org/W2736044947', 'https://openalex.org/W2889560816', 'https://openalex.org/W2907287703', 'https://openalex.org/W2924999519', 'https://openalex.org/W2947005817', 'https://openalex.org/W3095430026', 'https://openalex.org/W3124652355', 'https://openalex.org/W3126128017', 'https://openalex.org/W4232747019', 'https://openalex.org/W4241286296', 'https://openalex.org/W4242673217', 'https://openalex.org/W4251028357', 'https://openalex.org/W4299601558', 'https://openalex.org/W4389555905'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W582832642', 'https://openalex.org/W3211620314', 'https://openalex.org/W3101708521', 'https://openalex.org/W2625181836', 'https://openalex.org/W2214364933', 'https://openalex.org/W2123743730', 'https://openalex.org/W2082204671', 'https://openalex.org/W2079067724', 'https://openalex.org/W2069351533', 'https://openalex.org/W2057169245'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'As': [0], 'president': [1], 'of': [2, 25, 47, 54, 60, 106, 112], 'the': [3, 22, 45, 58, 84, 95, 101, 104], 'American': [4], 'Psychological': [5], 'Association': [6], 'in': [7], '1998,': [8], 'I': [9, 92, 98], 'organized': [10], 'researchers': [11], 'and': [12, 41, 62, 67, 81, 91, 115], 'practitioners': [13], 'to': [14, 83], 'work': [15], 'on': [16, 21, 94], 'building': [17, 105], 'well-being,': [18, 55], 'not': [19], 'just': [20], 'traditional': [23], 'task': [24], 'reducing': [26], 'ill-being.': [27], 'Substantial': [28], 'research': [29], 'then': [30], 'found': [31], 'that': [32, 103], 'well-being': [33, 107], 'causes': [34], 'many': [35, 89], 'external': [36], 'benefits,': [37], 'including': [38], 'better': [39], 'physical': [40], 'mental': [42], 'health.': [43], 'Among': [44], 'applications': [46], 'Positive': [48, 56, 68, 70, 86], 'Psychology': [49, 71, 87], 'are': [50], 'national': [51], 'psychological': [52], 'accounts': [53], 'Psychotherapy,': [57], 'classification': [59], 'strengths': [61], 'virtues,': [63], 'Comprehensive': [64], 'Soldier': [65], 'Fitness,': [66], 'Education.': [69], 'has': [72, 88], 'spread': [73], 'beyond': [74], 'psychology': [75], 'into': [76], 'neuroscience,': [77], 'health,': [78], 'psychiatry,': [79], 'theology,': [80], 'even': [82], 'humanities.': [85], 'critics,': [90], 'comment': [93], 'strongest': [96], 'criticisms.': [97], 'conclude': [99], 'with': [100], 'hope': [102], 'will': [108], 'become': [109], 'a': [110], 'cornerstone': [111], 'morality,': [113], 'politics,': [114], 'religion.': [116]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2905476694', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 71}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 84}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 59}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 66}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-10T19:57:15.247075', 'created_date': '2018-12-22'}