Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2905301866', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98092-8_2', 'title': 'Information, Knowledge, Representation', 'display_name': 'Information, Knowledge, Representation', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2905301866', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98092-8_2', 'mag': '2905301866'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98092-8_2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049981930', 'display_name': 'Michael K. Bergman', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael K. Bergman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Cognonto Corporation, Coralville, IA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Cognonto Corporation, Coralville, IA, USA', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5049981930'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.878, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.768524, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 71, 'max': 75}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '15', 'last_page': '42'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14394', 'display_name': 'Physics of the Mind and Cognitive Science', 'score': 0.9051, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14394', 'display_name': 'Physics of the Mind and Cognitive Science', 'score': 0.9051, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/representation', 'display_name': 'Representation (politics)', 'score': 0.47827232}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/semiosis', 'display_name': 'Semiosis', 'score': 0.47206193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition', 'display_name': 'Cognition', 'score': 0.441886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/diagrammatic-reasoning', 'display_name': 'Diagrammatic reasoning', 'score': 0.42011487}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139676723', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832', 'display_name': 'Sign (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59865206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781238097', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026', 'display_name': 'Object (grammar)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59288394}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C521332185', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185816', 'display_name': 'Analogy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5593653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780876879', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749', 'display_name': 'Meaning (existential)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54459655}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779343474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175', 'display_name': 'Context (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5242572}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C527412718', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395', 'display_name': 'Interpretation (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5129082}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5078605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.50040746}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776359362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286', 'display_name': 'Representation (politics)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47827232}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C64999355', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681696', 'display_name': 'Semiosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47206193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139997677', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60195', 'display_name': 'Semiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4479838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106624574', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270387', 'display_name': 'Diagrammatic reasoning', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42011487}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40017945}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188147891', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638', 'display_name': 'Cognitive science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37049252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2983157}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.22484416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2078157}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17139354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98092-8_2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 44, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1516346799', 'https://openalex.org/W1535536445', 'https://openalex.org/W1556913189', 'https://openalex.org/W1600188765', 'https://openalex.org/W1964777250', 'https://openalex.org/W1984602147', 'https://openalex.org/W1988269381', 'https://openalex.org/W1995875735', 'https://openalex.org/W2017154930', 'https://openalex.org/W2021820673', 'https://openalex.org/W2032558547', 'https://openalex.org/W2039574433', 'https://openalex.org/W2060023904', 'https://openalex.org/W2060806559', 'https://openalex.org/W2068967633', 'https://openalex.org/W2114751653', 'https://openalex.org/W2123286132', 'https://openalex.org/W2125605221', 'https://openalex.org/W2129042599', 'https://openalex.org/W2140244209', 'https://openalex.org/W2148300948', 'https://openalex.org/W2153595771', 'https://openalex.org/W2154550634', 'https://openalex.org/W2156854847', 'https://openalex.org/W2222544412', 'https://openalex.org/W229479180', 'https://openalex.org/W2320660639', 'https://openalex.org/W2332237006', 'https://openalex.org/W2338508539', 'https://openalex.org/W2394593190', 'https://openalex.org/W2508141130', 'https://openalex.org/W2510786918', 'https://openalex.org/W262367507', 'https://openalex.org/W2795765799', 'https://openalex.org/W2904206622', 'https://openalex.org/W2941437236', 'https://openalex.org/W2995297712', 'https://openalex.org/W3102147511', 'https://openalex.org/W4213367169', 'https://openalex.org/W4233798822', 'https://openalex.org/W4255572903', 'https://openalex.org/W4294388247', 'https://openalex.org/W621991412', 'https://openalex.org/W818223074'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W603586033', 'https://openalex.org/W4310869712', 'https://openalex.org/W4249952756', 'https://openalex.org/W3174845626', 'https://openalex.org/W3091200971', 'https://openalex.org/W2992319158', 'https://openalex.org/W2948297262', 'https://openalex.org/W2361194112', 'https://openalex.org/W1993776975', 'https://openalex.org/W1533571226'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2905301866', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T12:51:45.913006', 'created_date': '2018-12-22'}