Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2903323937', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671', 'title': 'Product review: avelumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody', 'display_name': 'Product review: avelumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-12-20', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2903323937', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671', 'mag': '2903323937', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30481100', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6605872'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671?needAccess=true', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2483136528', 'display_name': 'Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics', 'issn_l': '2164-5515', 'issn': ['2164-5515', '2164-554X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671?needAccess=true', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000853357', 'display_name': 'Julie Collins', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5702-4693'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717', 'display_name': 'Center for Cancer Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05bjen692', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Julie M. Collins', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Oncology Service, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Oncology Service, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070669850', 'display_name': 'James L. Gulley', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-2912'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'display_name': 'National Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/040gcmg81', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'display_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cwqze88', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717', 'display_name': 'Center for Cancer Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05bjen692', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'James L. Gulley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Oncology Service, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Oncology Service, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5070669850'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210140884', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I4210149717'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2895, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3175, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2895, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3175, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.618, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 58, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.555457, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '891', 'last_page': '908'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11827', 'display_name': 'Polyomavirus-Associated Carcinogenesis and Clinical Manifestations', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11827', 'display_name': 'Polyomavirus-Associated Carcinogenesis and Clinical Manifestations', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10158', 'display_name': 'Cancer Immunotherapy', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11491', 'display_name': 'Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy', 'score': 0.9935, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/avelumab', 'display_name': 'Avelumab', 'score': 0.99677026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pd-1-and-pd-l1', 'display_name': 'PD-1 and PD-L1', 'score': 0.533443}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression', 'display_name': 'Immunosuppression', 'score': 0.4704484}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777381376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21083261', 'display_name': 'Avelumab', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.99677026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778342957', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1711744', 'display_name': 'Merkel cell carcinoma', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.77918816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7274609}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777701055', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096', 'display_name': 'Immunotherapy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5280719}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143998085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555', 'display_name': 'Oncology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49762967}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C535046627', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612', 'display_name': 'Clinical trial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49437976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780252810', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455316', 'display_name': 'Immunosuppression', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4704484}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776107976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433', 'display_name': 'Tumor microenvironment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44772747}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41645223}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780057760', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13896859', 'display_name': 'Pembrolizumab', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.41164893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39661738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8891405', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059', 'display_name': 'Immune system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.37518567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777546739', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525', 'display_name': 'Carcinoma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.27925038}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000911', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060890', 'descriptor_name': 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015266', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Merkel Cell', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000911', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000911', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061067', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060890', 'descriptor_name': 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015266', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Merkel Cell', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015266', 'descriptor_name': 'Carcinoma, Merkel Cell', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002986', 'descriptor_name': 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007167', 'descriptor_name': 'Immunotherapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061026', 'descriptor_name': 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D061026', 'descriptor_name': 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059016', 'descriptor_name': 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019459', 'descriptor_name': 'Urothelium', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019459', 'descriptor_name': 'Urothelium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671?needAccess=true', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2483136528', 'display_name': 'Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics', 'issn_l': '2164-5515', 'issn': ['2164-5515', '2164-554X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6605872', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6605872?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6605872', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30481100', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21645515.2018.1551671?needAccess=true', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2483136528', 'display_name': 'Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics', 'issn_l': '2164-5515', 'issn': ['2164-5515', '2164-554X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 136, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1510865194', 'https://openalex.org/W1820495241', 'https://openalex.org/W1879003298', 'https://openalex.org/W1887694337', 'https://openalex.org/W1896351481', 'https://openalex.org/W1964596748', 'https://openalex.org/W1965205681', 'https://openalex.org/W1972882573', 'https://openalex.org/W1976841472', 'https://openalex.org/W1982488143', 'https://openalex.org/W1983093014', 'https://openalex.org/W1983594071', 'https://openalex.org/W1987724930', 'https://openalex.org/W1990675339', 'https://openalex.org/W1993412014', 'https://openalex.org/W2016789384', 'https://openalex.org/W2017533252', 'https://openalex.org/W2018900164', 'https://openalex.org/W2036093957', 'https://openalex.org/W2062952095', 'https://openalex.org/W2063886011', 'https://openalex.org/W2074546881', 'https://openalex.org/W2085487956', 'https://openalex.org/W2094244560', 'https://openalex.org/W2094586578', 'https://openalex.org/W2102116016', 'https://openalex.org/W2102627969', 'https://openalex.org/W2103689170', 'https://openalex.org/W2104239861', 'https://openalex.org/W2104347254', 'https://openalex.org/W2106458784', 'https://openalex.org/W2109513968', 'https://openalex.org/W2111225997', 'https://openalex.org/W2112434826', 'https://openalex.org/W2114847324', 'https://openalex.org/W2116607009', 'https://openalex.org/W2132571078', 'https://openalex.org/W2133330931', 'https://openalex.org/W2136859769', 'https://openalex.org/W2140492749', 'https://openalex.org/W2143163879', 'https://openalex.org/W2152897456', 'https://openalex.org/W2156353875', 'https://openalex.org/W2156633613', 'https://openalex.org/W2158348986', 'https://openalex.org/W2160834915', 'https://openalex.org/W2161558877', 'https://openalex.org/W2166662937', 'https://openalex.org/W2198093519', 'https://openalex.org/W2205987892', 'https://openalex.org/W2252550602', 'https://openalex.org/W2274704822', 'https://openalex.org/W2283046649', 'https://openalex.org/W2289712604', 'https://openalex.org/W2300386653', 'https://openalex.org/W2339302618', 'https://openalex.org/W2339890238', 'https://openalex.org/W2344221521', 'https://openalex.org/W2345415641', 'https://openalex.org/W2402566748', 'https://openalex.org/W2411448183', 'https://openalex.org/W2493219106', 'https://openalex.org/W2498543837', 'https://openalex.org/W2509217584', 'https://openalex.org/W2509486054', 'https://openalex.org/W2510686645', 'https://openalex.org/W2530516001', 'https://openalex.org/W2547133566', 'https://openalex.org/W2557730509', 'https://openalex.org/W2559804019', 'https://openalex.org/W2560367415', 'https://openalex.org/W2567564314', 'https://openalex.org/W2572174216', 'https://openalex.org/W2572843558', 'https://openalex.org/W2582671354', 'https://openalex.org/W2586222551', 'https://openalex.org/W2588916311', 'https://openalex.org/W2589148013', 'https://openalex.org/W2590023130', 'https://openalex.org/W2590497374', 'https://openalex.org/W2593193817', 'https://openalex.org/W2595182131', 'https://openalex.org/W2597772749', 'https://openalex.org/W2597806019', 'https://openalex.org/W2597811717', 'https://openalex.org/W2599354912', 'https://openalex.org/W2604441970', 'https://openalex.org/W2614480329', 'https://openalex.org/W2626596086', 'https://openalex.org/W2675533325', 'https://openalex.org/W2678918541', 'https://openalex.org/W2736085757', 'https://openalex.org/W2738200477', 'https://openalex.org/W2740705517', 'https://openalex.org/W2745624257', 'https://openalex.org/W2756648224', 'https://openalex.org/W2762013846', 'https://openalex.org/W2763584377', 'https://openalex.org/W2766673799', 'https://openalex.org/W2769419513', 'https://openalex.org/W2771098006', 'https://openalex.org/W2771737095', 'https://openalex.org/W2774967383', 'https://openalex.org/W2779221466', 'https://openalex.org/W2783234388', 'https://openalex.org/W2783653336', 'https://openalex.org/W2785838318', 'https://openalex.org/W2789421415', 'https://openalex.org/W2789502254', 'https://openalex.org/W2790175716', 'https://openalex.org/W2790947075', 'https://openalex.org/W2791343285', 'https://openalex.org/W2792307983', 'https://openalex.org/W2792936868', 'https://openalex.org/W2793856884', 'https://openalex.org/W2794375875', 'https://openalex.org/W2794788563', 'https://openalex.org/W2797182287', 'https://openalex.org/W2804957255', 'https://openalex.org/W2805302875', 'https://openalex.org/W2808507967', 'https://openalex.org/W2885139325', 'https://openalex.org/W2885786487', 'https://openalex.org/W2885832741', 'https://openalex.org/W2889629063', 'https://openalex.org/W2889677173', 'https://openalex.org/W2890380362', 'https://openalex.org/W2890550793', 'https://openalex.org/W2891004049', 'https://openalex.org/W2891447967', 'https://openalex.org/W2891704592', 'https://openalex.org/W2891708169', 'https://openalex.org/W2891726236', 'https://openalex.org/W2892235917', 'https://openalex.org/W2919913683', 'https://openalex.org/W2947377238'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4313325881', 'https://openalex.org/W4238705971', 'https://openalex.org/W4205722323', 'https://openalex.org/W3046583279', 'https://openalex.org/W2803407410', 'https://openalex.org/W2791527593', 'https://openalex.org/W2791012868', 'https://openalex.org/W2769546587', 'https://openalex.org/W2763258520', 'https://openalex.org/W2750263518'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Although': [0], 'immunotherapies': [1], 'have': [2, 11], 'been': [3, 90], 'employed': [4], 'for': [5, 96, 136], 'many': [6], 'decades,': [7], 'immune': [8], 'checkpoint': [9], 'inhibitors': [10], 'only': [12], 'recently': [13], 'entered': [14], 'the': [15, 27, 43, 65, 93, 97, 134], 'oncologic': [16], 'landscape.': [17], 'Avelumab': [18, 88], 'is': [19], 'a': [20, 116], 'fully': [21], 'human': [22], 'monoclonal': [23], 'antibody': [24], 'that': [25, 108], 'blocks': [26], 'interaction': [28], 'between': [29], 'PD-L1': [30], 'on': [31, 36], 'tumor': [32, 44, 48, 86, 141], 'cells': [33], 'and': [34, 46, 58, 104, 123, 143], 'PD-1': [35], 'T': [37], 'cells,': [38], 'thereby': [39], 'inhibiting': [40], 'immunosuppression': [41], 'in': [42, 59, 77, 129, 139, 144], 'microenvironment': [45], 'reducing': [47], 'growth.': [49], 'Most': [50], 'early': [51], 'clinical': [52, 68], 'trials': [53, 81], 'of': [54, 64, 99], 'avelumab': [55], 'as': [56], 'monotherapy': [57], 'combination': [60, 145], 'regimens': [61], 'were': [62], 'part': [63], 'international': [66], 'JAVELIN': [67], 'trial': [69], 'program,': [70], 'which': [71], 'included': [72], 'more': [73, 78], 'than': [74, 79], '7000': [75], 'patients': [76], '30': [80], 'with': [82, 115, 146], 'at': [83], 'least': [84], '15': [85], 'types.': [87], 'has': [89, 109], 'approved': [91], 'by': [92], 'U.S.': [94], 'FDA': [95], 'treatment': [98, 114], 'metastatic': [100, 105], 'Merkel': [101], 'cell': [102], 'carcinoma': [103, 107], 'urothelial': [106], 'progressed': [110], 'during': [111], 'or': [112], 'following': [113], 'platinum-based': [117], 'regimen.': [118], 'Its': [119], 'acceptable': [120], 'safety': [121], 'profile': [122], 'ability': [124], 'to': [125], 'induce': [126], 'durable': [127], 'responses': [128], 'otherwise': [130], 'deadly': [131], 'tumors': [132], 'provide': [133], 'rationale': [135], 'its': [137], 'use': [138], 'other': [140, 147], 'types': [142], 'therapies.': [148]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2903323937', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T14:09:13.452476', 'created_date': '2018-12-11'}