Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2903098574', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12320', 'title': 'Sand and dust storms: underrated natural hazards', 'display_name': 'Sand and dust storms: underrated natural hazards', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-11-29', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2903098574', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12320', 'mag': '2903098574', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30488534'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12320', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S172483627', 'display_name': 'Disasters', 'issn_l': '0361-3666', 'issn': ['0361-3666', '1467-7717'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:51aad13c-b291-4126-9ca1-84405c1ad9cd/files/m2d6004c70289598cababedecb812008a', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008162716', 'display_name': 'Nick Middleton', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5873-1453'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'display_name': 'University of Oxford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052gg0110', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nick Middleton', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Supernumerary Fellow and Lecturer in Geography, St Anne's College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Supernumerary Fellow and Lecturer in Geography, St Anne's College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022303442', 'display_name': 'Peter R. Tozer', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2429-7414'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I51158804', 'display_name': 'Massey University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/052czxv31', 'country_code': 'NZ', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I51158804']}], 'countries': ['NZ'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Tozer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Associate Professor in Farm Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, New Zealand'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Associate Professor in Farm Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, New Zealand', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I51158804']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040259351', 'display_name': 'Brenton Tozer', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41156924', 'display_name': 'Victoria University of Wellington', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0040r6f76', 'country_code': 'NZ', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41156924']}], 'countries': ['NZ'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Brenton Tozer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Student, School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Student, School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41156924']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5022303442'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I51158804'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3450, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3450, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.72, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 80, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.876831, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '43', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '390', 'last_page': '409'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12383', 'display_name': 'Aeolian Geomorphology and Wind Erosion Dynamics', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1904', 'display_name': 'Earth-Surface Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12383', 'display_name': 'Aeolian Geomorphology and Wind Erosion Dynamics', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1904', 'display_name': 'Earth-Surface Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10347', 'display_name': "Aerosols' Impact on Climate and Hydrological Cycle", 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10075', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Aerosols and their Impacts', 'score': 0.9842, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-hazard', 'display_name': 'Natural hazard', 'score': 0.65567434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dust-emission', 'display_name': 'Dust Emission', 'score': 0.523059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-erosion', 'display_name': 'Wind Erosion', 'score': 0.505989}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-hazard', 'display_name': 'Physical hazard', 'score': 0.41709226}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49261128', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455', 'display_name': 'Hazard', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6853986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779343474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175', 'display_name': 'Context (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6725096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39410599', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433179', 'display_name': 'Natural hazard', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65567434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105306849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054', 'display_name': 'Storm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6268423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166566181', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8065', 'display_name': 'Natural disaster', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62374914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62555980', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460420', 'display_name': 'Emergency management', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43207908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74256435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052', 'display_name': 'Flood myth', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4227213}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4186542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58563850', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7189604', 'display_name': 'Physical hazard', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41709226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187155963', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029', 'display_name': 'Occupational safety and health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.38309392}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91375879', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274', 'display_name': 'Environmental planning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35782543}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107826830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380', 'display_name': 'Environmental resource management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3227563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3119496}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23313999}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14104542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.119440734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.11092132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.078831315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004190', 'descriptor_name': 'Disasters', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004391', 'descriptor_name': 'Dust', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012822', 'descriptor_name': 'Silicon Dioxide', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014919', 'descriptor_name': 'Wind', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003889', 'descriptor_name': 'Desert Climate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004190', 'descriptor_name': 'Disasters', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000191', 'qualifier_name': 'economics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004781', 'descriptor_name': 'Environmental Exposure', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004781', 'descriptor_name': 'Environmental Exposure', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12320', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S172483627', 'display_name': 'Disasters', 'issn_l': '0361-3666', 'issn': ['0361-3666', '1467-7717'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:51aad13c-b291-4126-9ca1-84405c1ad9cd', 'pdf_url': 'https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:51aad13c-b291-4126-9ca1-84405c1ad9cd/files/m2d6004c70289598cababedecb812008a', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402636', 'display_name': 'Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Oxford', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30488534', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:51aad13c-b291-4126-9ca1-84405c1ad9cd', 'pdf_url': 'https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:51aad13c-b291-4126-9ca1-84405c1ad9cd/files/m2d6004c70289598cababedecb812008a', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402636', 'display_name': 'Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I40120149', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Oxford', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I40120149'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 79, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1497669168', 'https://openalex.org/W1576225224', 'https://openalex.org/W1594351166', 'https://openalex.org/W1680955843', 'https://openalex.org/W1966822726', 'https://openalex.org/W1971171963', 'https://openalex.org/W1972843588', 'https://openalex.org/W1973517598', 'https://openalex.org/W1976806499', 'https://openalex.org/W1980898012', 'https://openalex.org/W1987759934', 'https://openalex.org/W1990197581', 'https://openalex.org/W1992661688', 'https://openalex.org/W1995970464', 'https://openalex.org/W1998822569', 'https://openalex.org/W2009110968', 'https://openalex.org/W2017468963', 'https://openalex.org/W2019458363', 'https://openalex.org/W2021394581', 'https://openalex.org/W2023672499', 'https://openalex.org/W2026539580', 'https://openalex.org/W2031180622', 'https://openalex.org/W2034383509', 'https://openalex.org/W2034451924', 'https://openalex.org/W2038243233', 'https://openalex.org/W2039164341', 'https://openalex.org/W2040868998', 'https://openalex.org/W2043126590', 'https://openalex.org/W2051105736', 'https://openalex.org/W2053742632', 'https://openalex.org/W2054119472', 'https://openalex.org/W2054963375', 'https://openalex.org/W2056358767', 'https://openalex.org/W2057858033', 'https://openalex.org/W2062430520', 'https://openalex.org/W2062554301', 'https://openalex.org/W2073475391', 'https://openalex.org/W2075438707', 'https://openalex.org/W2078014797', 'https://openalex.org/W2078275329', 'https://openalex.org/W2079560538', 'https://openalex.org/W2081813406', 'https://openalex.org/W2092152002', 'https://openalex.org/W2094279249', 'https://openalex.org/W2095335428', 'https://openalex.org/W2096215142', 'https://openalex.org/W2100810233', 'https://openalex.org/W2108218368', 'https://openalex.org/W2113865649', 'https://openalex.org/W2114450363', 'https://openalex.org/W2120012334', 'https://openalex.org/W2123001886', 'https://openalex.org/W2144899704', 'https://openalex.org/W2145446721', 'https://openalex.org/W2145533139', 'https://openalex.org/W2148550786', 'https://openalex.org/W2149947206', 'https://openalex.org/W2154238011', 'https://openalex.org/W2157185179', 'https://openalex.org/W2158992723', 'https://openalex.org/W2165301409', 'https://openalex.org/W2167395312', 'https://openalex.org/W2177340766', 'https://openalex.org/W2206710877', 'https://openalex.org/W2235208287', 'https://openalex.org/W2277868022', 'https://openalex.org/W2403883751', 'https://openalex.org/W2467391038', 'https://openalex.org/W2495125690', 'https://openalex.org/W2508312440', 'https://openalex.org/W2559809665', 'https://openalex.org/W2564783998', 'https://openalex.org/W2566817797', 'https://openalex.org/W2584197078', 'https://openalex.org/W2588923281', 'https://openalex.org/W2610288430', 'https://openalex.org/W2617606220', 'https://openalex.org/W2626165712', 'https://openalex.org/W604249450'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4250400068', 'https://openalex.org/W4236177837', 'https://openalex.org/W3194154890', 'https://openalex.org/W2603694210', 'https://openalex.org/W2383619049', 'https://openalex.org/W2366388585', 'https://openalex.org/W2256654693', 'https://openalex.org/W1998349051', 'https://openalex.org/W1991107850', 'https://openalex.org/W1978615900'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Sand': [0], 'and': [1, 21, 71, 83, 86, 99, 112], 'dust': [2, 31], 'storms': [3], '(SDS)': [4], 'are': [5, 24, 90], 'wind': [6], 'erosion': [7], 'events': [8], 'typically': [9], 'associated': [10, 125], 'with': [11, 74, 126], 'dryland': [12], 'regions,': [13], 'although': [14], 'they': [15, 47], 'can': [16, 135], 'occur': [17, 140], 'in': [18, 43, 52, 60, 68, 108, 118], 'most': [19, 144], 'environments': [20], 'their': [22, 66], 'impacts': [23], 'frequently': [25], 'experienced': [26], 'outside': [27], 'drylands': [28], 'because': [29, 138], 'desert': [30], 'haze': [32], 'often': [33], 'is': [34], 'transported': [35], 'great': [36], 'distances.': [37], 'SDS': [38, 59, 98, 114, 139], 'represent': [39], 'hazards': [40], 'to': [41, 122], 'society': [42, 134], 'numerous': [44], 'ways,': [45], 'yet': [46], 'do': [48, 115], 'not': [49, 116], 'feature': [50], 'prominently': [51], 'the': [53, 84, 94, 119, 130], 'disasters': [54], 'literature.': [55], 'This': [56], 'paper': [57], 'considers': [58], 'a': [61, 75], 'hazard': [62], 'context': [63], 'by': [64], 'examining': [65], 'ramifications': [67], 'economic,': [69], 'physical,': [70], 'social': [72], 'terms,': [73], 'focus': [76], 'on': [77, 133], 'agriculture,': [78], 'health,': [79], 'transport,': [80], 'utilities,': [81], 'households,': [82], 'commercial': [85], 'manufacturing': [87], 'sector.': [88], 'There': [89], 'few': [91], 'assessments': [92], 'of': [93, 97, 147], 'economic': [95], 'consequences': [96], 'those': [100], 'studies': [101], 'that': [102], 'have': [103], 'been': [104], 'conducted': [105], 'lack': [106], 'consistency': [107], 'data': [109], 'collection': [110], 'methods': [111], 'analysis.': [113], 'result': [117], 'significant': [120, 137], 'damage': [121], 'infrastructure': [123], 'usually': [124], 'many': [127], 'disasters,': [128], 'but': [129], 'cumulative': [131], 'effects': [132], 'be': [136], 'more': [141], 'commonly': [142], 'than': [143], 'other': [145], 'types': [146], 'natural': [148], 'hazard.': [149]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2903098574', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-02T13:20:20.650977', 'created_date': '2018-12-11'}