ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Andrew E. Epstein; John Dimarco; Kenneth A. Ellenbogen; N.A. Mark Estes; Roger A. Freedman; Leonard S. Gettes; A. Marc Gillinov; Gabriel Gregoratos; Stephen C. Hammill; David L. Hayes; Mark A. Hlatky; L. Kristin Newby; Richard L. Page; Mark H. Schoenfeld; Michael J. Silka; Lynne W. Stevenson; Michael O. Sweeney
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1504, 1513, 1530, 1535, 1542, 1565, 1596, 1602, 1605, 1617, 1630, 1634, 1643, 1658, 1661, 1688, 1700, 1712, 1732, 1754, 1771, 1795, 1814, 1840, 1871, 1883, 1906, 1910, 2004, 2034, 2046, 2071, 2147, 2153, 2159, 2185, 2194, 2256, 2261, 2265, 2268, 2306, 2328, 2339, 2450, 2457, 2460, 2467, 2470, 2492, 2530, 2540, 2575, 2618, 2621, 2632, 2636, 2648, 2655, 2664, 2686, 2694, 2719, 2736, 2772, 2798, 2822, 2874, 2897, 2906, 2914, 2938, 2951, 2962, 2972, 2980, 2996, 3001, 3020, 3048, 3052, 3065, 3092, 3119, 3122, 3148, 3204, 3241, 3265, 3281, 3329, 3333, 3390, 3398, 3403, 3409, 3462, 3477, 3484, 3524, 3545, 3552, 3560, 3588, 3592, 3621, 3625, 3635, 3641, 3644, 3673, 3718, 3747, 3755, 3769, 3778, 3788, 3795, 3800, 3821, 3828, 3837, 3855, 3873, 3884, 3903, 3911, 3920, 3932, 3953, 3965, 3971, 3975, 3986, 4022], 'American': [42, 75, 908, 916, 938, 1606, 1841, 2899, 3645], 'College': [43, 909, 939, 1607, 3646], 'Cardiology/American': [45], 'Heart': [46, 524, 552, 726, 741, 795, 917, 1622, 1649, 1846], 'Association': [47, 76, 918, 1842], 'Task': [48, 943, 1125, 1567, 1677, 2577], 'Force': [49, 944, 1126, 1568, 1678, 2578], 'on': [50, 753, 794, 903, 945, 1099, 1108, 1127, 1569, 1642, 1679, 2313, 2387, 2579, 2742, 2782, 2800, 2857, 2893, 2910, 3381, 3678, 3955], 'Practice': [51, 946, 1128, 1570, 1680, 2580], '(Writing': [53], 'Committee': [54, 86, 140, 1938], 'Revise': [56], 'ACC/AHA/NASPE': [58], '2002': [59], 'Guideline': [60], 'Update': [61], 'Implantation': [63, 1692, 1799], 'Pacemakers': [66, 1695, 1802], 'and': [67, 80, 135, 355, 406, 410, 423, 456, 479, 520, 546, 587, 627, 635, 715, 728, 737, 748, 765, 842, 848, 860, 869, 872, 877, 892, 914, 962, 981, 1014, 1026, 1055, 1067, 1069, 1092, 1110, 1278, 1280, 1317, 1357, 1371, 1417, 1427, 1432, 1462, 1470, 1490, 1511, 1534, 1572, 1584, 1591, 1616, 1648, 1660, 1696, 1708, 1737, 1763, 1766, 1778, 1782, 1787, 1803, 1819, 1821, 1833, 1851, 1858, 1874, 1876, 1903, 1913, 1950, 2017, 2050, 2082, 2089, 2144, 2162, 2166, 2173, 2178, 2316, 2321, 2353, 2373, 2405, 2437, 2463, 2481, 2513, 2614, 2650, 2675, 2681, 2714, 2752, 2767, 2786, 2792, 2833, 2843, 2848, 2885, 2903, 2956, 2974, 2982, 3044, 3175, 3269, 3297, 3341, 3345, 3362, 3397, 3411, 3418, 3433, 3436, 3445, 3476, 3511, 3551, 3594, 3628, 3649, 3684, 3701, 3711, 3772, 3806, 3827, 3841, 3847, 3947, 4014, 4032], 'Antiarrhythmia': [68, 1697, 1804], 'Devices):': [69], 'Developed': [70], 'in': [71, 435, 517, 734, 805, 834, 850, 923, 929, 999, 1121, 1244, 1341, 1375, 1395, 1444, 1483, 1537, 1551, 1595, 1629, 1704, 1753, 1770, 1813, 1825, 2015, 2027, 2054, 2086, 2091, 2168, 2278, 2343, 2403, 2415, 2443, 2494, 2539, 2599, 2738, 2873, 2983, 3130, 3222, 3235, 3257, 3285, 3300, 3359, 3394, 3408, 3585, 3631, 3640, 3651, 3671, 3740, 3804, 3849, 3886, 3945, 3970], 'Collaboration': [72], 'With': [73, 447, 522, 539, 667, 739, 813, 819, 3323, 3337, 3979], 'Thoracic': [78, 83, 1844, 1854], 'Surgery': [79], 'Society': [81, 1651, 1848, 1852, 2900], 'Surgeons': [84], 'Writing': [85, 139, 967, 1031, 1196, 1977], 'Members': [87, 141], 'Andrew': [88, 150], 'E.': [89, 151, 153], 'Epstein,': [90], 'John': [91, 163], 'P.': [92, 164, 166], 'DiMarco,': [93], 'Kenneth': [94, 176], 'A.': [95, 101, 106, 118, 177, 179, 203, 205, 228, 279, 281], 'Ellenbogen,': [96], 'N.A.': [97, 189], 'Mark': [98, 117, 126, 190, 192, 278, 317], 'EstesIII,': [99], 'Roger': [100, 202], 'Freedman,': [102], 'Leonard': [103, 215], 'S.': [104, 216, 218], 'Gettes,': [105], 'Marc': [107, 229, 231], 'Gillinov,': [108], 'Gabriel': [109, 241], 'Gregoratos,': [110], 'Stephen': [111, 252], 'C.': [112, 253, 255, 1669, 2334], 'Hammill,': [113], 'David': [114, 265], 'L.': [115, 120, 124, 266, 268, 291, 305, 307], 'Hayes,': [116], 'Hlatky,': [119], 'Kristin': [121, 292, 294], 'Newby,': [122], 'Richard': [123, 304], 'Page,': [125], 'H.': [127, 318, 320], 'Schoenfeld,': [128], 'Michael': [129, 136, 330, 356], 'J.': [130, 331, 333], 'Silka,': [131], 'Lynne': [132, 343], 'Warner': [133, 344, 346], 'Stevenson': [134, 347], 'O.': [137, 357, 359], 'Sweeney': [138, 360], 'Search': [142, 155, 168, 181, 194, 207, 220, 233, 244, 257, 270, 283, 296, 309, 322, 335, 348, 361], 'more': [144, 157, 170, 183, 196, 209, 222, 235, 246, 259, 272, 285, 298, 311, 324, 337, 350, 363, 3730, 3876], 'papers': [145, 158, 171, 184, 197, 210, 223, 236, 247, 260, 273, 286, 299, 312, 325, 338, 351, 364], 'by': [146, 159, 172, 185, 198, 211, 224, 237, 248, 261, 274, 287, 300, 313, 326, 339, 352, 365, 483, 900, 1261, 1282, 1345, 1529, 1545, 1564, 1863, 1868, 1877, 1905, 2000, 2021, 2158, 2364, 2756, 3000, 3799], 'this': [147, 160, 173, 186, 199, 212, 225, 238, 249, 262, 275, 288, 301, 314, 327, 340, 353, 366, 377, 386, 965, 1330, 1898, 2055, 2169, 2642, 2739, 2911, 2945, 3087, 3113, 3131, 3360, 3395, 3522, 3736, 3793, 3887, 3946], 'author': [148, 161, 174, 187, 200, 213, 226, 239, 250, 263, 276, 289, 302, 315, 328, 341, 354, 367, 1313], ',': [149, 162, 175, 188, 201, 214, 227, 240, 251, 264, 277, 290, 303, 316, 329, 342], 'EpsteinAndrew': [152], 'Epstein': [154], 'DiMarcoJohn': [165], 'DiMarco': [167], 'EllenbogenKenneth': [178], 'Ellenbogen': [180], 'EstesIIIN.A.': [191], 'EstesIII': [193], 'FreedmanRoger': [204], 'Freedman': [206], 'GettesLeonard': [217], 'Gettes': [219], 'GillinovA.': [230], 'Gillinov': [232], 'GregoratosGabriel': [242], 'Gregoratos': [243], 'HammillStephen': [254], 'Hammill': [256], 'HayesDavid': [267], 'Hayes': [269], 'HlatkyMark': [280], 'Hlatky': [282], 'NewbyL.': [293], 'Newby': [295], 'PageRichard': [306], 'Page': [308], 'SchoenfeldMark': [319], 'Schoenfeld': [321], 'SilkaMichael': [332], 'Silka': [334], 'StevensonLynne': [345], 'SweeneyMichael': [358], 'Originally': [368], 'published15': [369], 'May': [370, 390, 1597, 1610], '2008https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUALTIONAHA.108.189742Circulation.': [371], '2008;117:e350–e408is': [372], 'corrected': [373], 'byCorrectionOther': [374], 'version(s)': [375], 'articleYou': [378], 'are': [379, 846, 969, 1033, 1084, 1199, 1259, 1327, 1334, 1418, 1455, 1494, 1549, 1557, 1579, 1593, 1627, 1664, 1811, 2171, 2284, 2311, 2322, 2349, 2362, 2376, 2384, 2392, 2553, 2840, 2998, 3108, 3274, 3442, 3455, 3569, 3624, 3657, 3682, 3692], 'viewing': [380], 'most': [382, 905, 1393, 1396, 3485, 3561, 3626, 3891], 'recent': [383, 2831, 3845], 'version': [384], 'article.': [387], 'Previous': [388, 393], 'versions:': [389], '15,': [391], '2008:': [392], 'Version': [394], '1': [395, 1311, 3732], 'Preamble…e352': [396], '1.': [397, 810, 2476], 'Introduction…e352': [398], '1.1.': [399], 'Organization': [400, 1683], 'Committee…e352': [402], '1.2.': [403], 'Document': [404, 1856], 'Review': [405, 1857], 'Approval…e353': [407], '1.3.': [408], 'Methodology': [409, 2049], 'Evidence…e353': [411], '2.': [412, 815], 'Indications': [413, 605, 4005], 'Pacing…e356': [415], '2.1.': [416], 'Pacing': [417, 442, 460, 486, 500, 503, 516, 538, 2902, 4008], 'Bradycardia': [419, 4010], 'Due': [420, 4011], 'Sinus': [422, 428, 454, 4013], 'Atrioventricular': [424, 433, 444, 3320, 4015], 'Node': [425, 429, 4016], 'Dysfunction…e356': [426, 430], '2.1.1.': [427], '2.1.2.': [431], 'Acquired': [432], 'Block': [434, 445, 3321], 'Adults…e357': [436], '2.1.3.': [437], 'Chronic': [438], 'Bifascicular': [439], 'Block…e359': [440], '2.1.4.': [441], 'Associated': [446, 3322], 'Acute': [448, 3324], 'Myocardial': [449, 3325, 3339, 3981], 'Infarction…e360': [450], '2.1.5.': [451], 'Hypersensitive': [452], 'Carotid': [453], 'Syndrome': [455], 'Neurocardiogenic': [457], 'Syncope…e361': [458], '2.2.': [459], 'Specific': [462, 632], 'Conditions…e362': [463], '2.2.1.': [464], 'Transplantation…e362': [466], '2.2.2.': [467], 'Neuromuscular': [468], 'Diseases…e363': [469], '2.2.3.': [470], 'Sleep': [471], 'Apnea': [472], 'Syndrome…e363': [473], '2.2.4.': [474], 'Sarcoidosis…e363': [476], '2.3.': [477], 'Prevention': [478, 612, 623, 637, 674], 'Termination': [480], 'Arrhythmias': [482], 'Pacing…e364': [484], '2.3.1.': [485], 'Prevent': [488], 'Atrial': [489, 495, 535, 557], 'Arrhythmias…e364': [490], '2.3.2.': [491], 'Long-QT': [492, 688], 'Syndrome…e364': [493], '2.3.3.': [494], 'Fibrillation': [496, 558], '(Dual-Site,': [497], 'Dual-Chamber,': [498], 'Alternative': [499], 'Sites)…e364': [501], '2.4.': [502], 'Hemodynamic': [505], 'Indications…e365': [506], '2.4.1.': [507], 'Resynchronization': [509], 'Therapy…e365': [510], '2.4.2.': [511], 'Obstructive': [512], 'Hypertrophic': [513, 654, 691, 744], 'Cardiomyopathy…e366': [514], '2.5.': [515], 'Children,': [518, 735], 'Adolescents,': [519, 736], 'Patients': [521, 738, 3336, 3978], 'Congenital': [523, 740], 'Disease…e367': [525], '2.6.': [526], 'Selection': [527, 777], 'Pacemaker': [529, 585, 590], 'Device…e369': [530], '2.6.1.': [531], 'Major': [532, 1721], 'Trials': [533], 'Comparing': [534], 'or': [536, 563, 641, 854, 954, 992, 1048, 1053, 1082, 1138, 1153, 1191, 1232, 1236, 1362, 1501, 1582, 2237, 2245, 2290, 2489, 2524, 2568, 2572, 2923, 3153, 3158, 3160, 3190, 3307, 3509, 3575, 3818], 'Dual-Chamber': [537], 'Ventricular': [540, 576, 629, 643, 659, 670, 696, 709, 718, 722], 'Pacing…e369': [541], '2.6.2.': [542], 'Quality': [543, 754], 'Life': [545, 756], 'Functional': [547], 'Status': [548], 'End': [549, 554, 559, 565, 569], 'Points…e372': [550, 555, 560, 566, 570], '2.6.3.': [551], 'Failure': [553, 727, 796, 1847], '2.6.4.': [556], '2.6.5.': [561], 'Stroke': [562], 'Thromboembolism': [564], '2.6.6.': [567], 'Mortality': [568], '2.6.7.': [571], 'Importance': [572], 'Minimizing': [574], 'Unnecessary': [575], 'Pacing…e372': [577], '2.6.8.': [578], 'Role': [579], 'Biventricular': [581], 'Pacemakers…e373': [582], '2.7.': [583], 'Optimizing': [584], 'Technology': [586], 'Cost…e373': [588], '2.8.': [589], 'Follow-Up…e374': [591], '2.8.1.': [592], 'Length': [593], 'Electrocardiographic': [595], 'Samples': [596], 'Storage…e375': [598], '2.8.2.': [599], 'Frequency': [600], 'Transtelephonic': [602], 'Monitoring…e375': [603], '3.': [604, 821], 'Implantable': [607, 618, 732, 773, 779, 783, 789, 800], 'Cardioverter-Defibrillator': [608, 619, 774, 780, 784, 790, 801], 'Therapy…e376': [609], '3.1.': [610], 'Secondary': [611, 622, 636], 'Sudden': [614, 676], 'Death…e376': [616], '3.1.1.': [617], 'Arrest': [626, 640], 'Sustained': [628, 642, 669], 'Tachycardia…e376': [630], '3.1.2.': [631], 'Disease': [633, 707], 'States': [634], 'Tachycardia…e377': [644], '3.1.3.': [645], 'Coronary': [646, 680], 'Artery': [647, 681], 'Disease…e377': [648], '3.1.4.': [649], 'Nonischemic': [650, 684], 'Dilated': [651, 685], 'Cardiomyopathy…e377': [652, 655], '3.1.5.': [653], '3.1.6.': [656], 'Arrhythmogenic': [657, 694], 'Right': [658, 695], 'Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy…e378': [660], '3.1.7.': [661], 'Genetic': [662], 'Arrhythmia': [663], 'Syndromes…e378': [664], '3.1.8.': [665], 'Syncope': [666], 'Inducible': [668], 'Tachycardia…e378': [671], '3.2.': [672], 'Primary': [673, 705], 'Death…e378': [678], '3.2.1.': [679], 'Disease…e378': [682], '3.2.2.': [683], 'Cardiomyopathy…e379': [686], '3.2.3.': [687], 'Syndrome…e380': [689], '3.2.4.': [690], 'Cardiomyopathy…e380': [692], '3.2.5.': [693], 'Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy…e381': [697], '3.2.6.': [698], 'Noncompaction': [699], 'Left': [702], 'Ventricle…e381': [703], '3.2.7.': [704], 'Electrical': [706], '(Idiopathic': [708], 'Fibrillation,': [710], 'Short-QT': [711], 'Syndrome,': [712, 714], 'Brugada': [713], 'Catecholaminergic': [716], 'Polymorphic': [717], 'Tachycardia)…e382': [719], '3.2.8.': [720], 'Idiopathic': [721], 'Tachycardias…e383': [723], '3.2.9.': [724], 'Advanced': [725], 'Transplantation…e383': [730], '3.3.': [731], 'Cardioverter-Defibrillators': [733], 'Disease…e385': [742], '3.3.1.': [743], 'Cardiomyopathy…e386': [745], '3.4.': [746], 'Limitations': [747], 'Other': [749], 'Considerations…e386': [750], '3.4.1.': [751], 'Impact': [752], '(Inappropriate': [757], 'Shocks)…e386': [758], '3.4.2.': [759], 'Surgical': [760], 'Needs…e387': [761], '3.4.3.': [762], 'Patient': [763], 'Longevity': [764], 'Comorbidities…e387': [766], '3.4.4.': [767], 'Terminal': [768], 'Care…e388': [769], '3.5.': [770], 'Cost-Effectiveness': [771], 'Therapy…e389': [775], '3.6.': [776], 'Generators…e390': [781], '3.7.': [782], 'Follow-Up…e391': [785, 791], '3.7.1.': [786], 'Elements': [787], '3.7.2.': [792], 'Focus': [793], 'After': [797], 'First': [798], 'Appropriate': [799, 3372, 3608], 'Therapy…e392': [802], '4.': [803], 'Areas': [804], 'Need': [806], 'Further': [808], 'Research…e392Appendix': [809], 'Author': [811], 'Relationships': [812, 818], 'Industry…e405Appendix': [814], 'Peer': [816], 'Reviewer': [817], 'Industry…e406Appendix': [820], 'Abbreviations': [822], 'List…e408References…e393PreambleIt': [823], 'is': [824, 950, 1238, 1380, 1434, 1507, 2275, 2304, 2338, 2441, 2532, 2570, 2639, 2663, 2705, 2802, 2824, 2940, 2947, 3007, 3076, 3081, 3103, 3128, 3135, 3142, 3200, 3305, 3355, 3370, 3459, 3491, 3520, 3527, 3780, 4021, 4037], 'important': [825, 959, 1436, 2535], 'that': [826, 883, 1074, 1143, 1185, 1210, 1326, 1388, 1546, 1726, 1759, 2068, 2203, 2229, 2295, 2529, 2564, 2602, 2608, 2641, 2693, 2725, 2770, 2838, 2944, 2960, 3017, 3086, 3105, 3141, 3206, 3366, 3461, 3493, 3655, 3685, 3697, 3746, 3782, 3883, 3901, 3925], 'medical': [828, 1024, 1430, 1488, 2125, 3661], 'profession': [829], 'play': [830], 'a': [831, 1038, 1050, 1147, 1205, 1220, 1225, 1347, 1402, 1408, 1523, 1971, 1988, 2205, 2224, 2231, 2407, 2425, 2559, 2565, 2583, 2604, 2609, 2697, 2702, 2708, 2749, 2855, 2862, 2988, 3061, 3073, 3138, 3198, 3249, 3303, 3368, 3495, 3502, 3514, 3725, 3765, 3917, 4030], 'significant': [832, 1891, 1928, 1945, 1962, 1989, 3629], 'role': [833], 'critically': [835], 'evaluating': [836], 'use': [838, 2340, 2589, 2666, 2695, 2720, 3293, 3475, 3540, 3556, 3581, 3605], 'diagnostic': [840], 'procedures': [841, 876], 'therapies': [843, 878, 1083], 'as': [844, 983, 1086, 1088, 1146, 1167, 1169, 1189, 1214, 1286, 1496, 1638, 1640, 2190, 2215, 2252, 2286, 2332, 2498, 2707, 2836, 3137, 3260, 3452, 3559, 3667], 'they': [845, 1454, 1578, 1986], 'introduced': [847], 'tested': [849], 'detection,': [852], 'management,': [853, 1356, 2678], 'prevention': [855, 1358], 'disease': [857, 934], 'states.': [858], 'Rigorous': [859], 'expert': [861, 1405, 2314], 'analysis': [862], 'available': [865, 1413, 1665, 2213, 2400, 2485, 3298], 'data': [866, 1013, 1063, 1107, 2195, 2219, 2240, 2247, 2398, 3299, 3790], 'documenting': [867], 'absolute': [868], 'relative': [870], 'benefits': [871, 3749, 3773], 'risks': [873, 3771], 'those': [875, 3969], 'can': [879, 2817, 2850, 3310, 3446, 3907], 'produce': [880], 'helpful': [881], 'guidelines': [882, 928, 957, 1333, 1383, 1493, 1556, 1559, 1626, 2541, 2649, 2662, 2779, 3107, 3568, 3610, 3639, 3681], 'improve': [884, 1421], 'effectiveness': [886], 'care,': [888, 1827, 2143, 3839], 'optimize': [889], 'patient': [890, 1072, 1422, 1460, 1482, 1525, 1536, 2747, 2757, 3496, 3933], 'outcomes,': [891, 1468], 'favorably': [893], 'affect': [894, 1466], 'overall': [896], 'cost': [897, 1100], 'care': [899, 1339, 1379, 1473, 1510, 1521, 1532], 'focusing': [901], 'resources': [902], 'effective': [906, 1452], 'strategies.The': [907], 'Cardiology': [911, 941, 3648], 'Foundation': [912], '(ACCF)': [913], '(AHA)': [919], 'have': [920, 1004, 1723, 1727, 1749, 1790, 2596, 3377, 3613, 3715, 3754, 3786], 'jointly': [921], 'engaged': [922], 'production': [925], 'such': [927, 1183, 2497, 2607, 2942, 3367], 'area': [931, 1377], 'cardiovascular': [933, 960, 1826, 1830], 'since': [935, 3634], '1980.': [936], 'The': [937, 1017, 1246, 1517, 1588, 1624, 1835, 1994, 2012, 2030, 2210, 2292, 2431, 2691, 3083, 3289, 3348, 3536, 3694], '(ACC)/AHA': [942], 'Guidelines,': [947], 'whose': [948], 'charge': [949], 'develop,': [952, 990], 'update,': [953, 991], 'revise': [955, 993, 1794], 'practice': [956, 1332, 2734], 'diseases': [961, 1361, 3037], 'procedures,': [963], 'directs': [964], 'effort.': [966], 'committees': [968, 1032, 1299], 'charged': [970, 1035], 'with': [971, 1208, 1228, 1306, 1315, 1324, 1446, 1486, 1744, 1894, 1931, 1948, 1965, 1992, 2024, 2184, 2519, 2731, 2748, 3038, 3060, 3191, 3197, 3226, 3328, 3470, 3517, 3659, 3709, 3724, 3764, 3960, 4001], 'task': [973, 1264], 'performing': [975], 'an': [976, 984, 1150, 1435, 2454, 2464, 2745, 2814, 3498, 3512], 'assessment': [977], 'evidence': [980, 1046, 1416, 2060, 2084, 2180, 2188, 2214, 2274, 2329, 2440, 2878, 2976, 3809, 3826], 'acting': [982], 'independent': [985], 'group': [986], 'authors': [988], 'written': [994, 2598], 'recommendations': [995, 1120, 1400, 1448, 1592, 1969, 1996, 2052, 2436, 2595, 2737, 3653, 3805, 3860, 3875, 3885, 3913, 3944, 3966], 'clinical': [997, 1111, 1342, 2201, 2319, 2355, 2366, 2374, 2487, 2536, 2547, 2562, 2733, 2828, 3149, 3287, 3295, 3566, 3676, 3825, 3831], 'practice.Experts': [998], 'subject': [1001, 2154], 'under': [1002], 'consideration': [1003], 'been': [1005, 1724, 1750, 1901, 2597, 2928, 3378, 3386, 3614, 3669, 3762, 3996], 'selected': [1006, 2165], 'from': [1007, 1022, 1097, 1554, 1586, 1666, 1784, 2198, 2223, 2238, 2486, 2617, 2813, 2896, 3164, 3182, 3486, 3862], 'both': [1008, 1761, 3473, 3501, 3591], 'organizations': [1009], 'examine': [1011], 'subject-specific': [1012], 'write': [1015], 'guidelines.': [1016, 3951], 'process': [1018], 'includes': [1019, 2971, 2987, 3342], 'additional': [1020, 1879, 2022], 'representatives': [1021, 1838], 'other': [1023, 1471, 2083, 2302, 2722, 2768, 3783, 3863, 3948, 4002], 'practitioner': [1025], 'specialty': [1027], 'groups': [1028, 3785], 'when': [1029, 2218, 2255, 2590, 2917, 3302, 3308, 3494, 3743], 'appropriate.': [1030], 'specifically': [1034, 3278], 'perform': [1037], 'formal': [1039], 'literature': [1040, 2064, 3400], 'review,': [1041], 'weigh': [1042], 'strength': [1044], 'against': [1049], 'particular': [1051, 1080, 1524, 2566, 2703], 'treatment': [1052, 1443, 1467, 2461, 2471, 2687, 2700, 2743, 3410], 'procedure,': [1054], 'include': [1056, 1916, 2780, 3026], 'estimates': [1057], 'expected': [1059, 3271, 3312, 3448, 3481], 'health': [1060, 1338, 1472, 1531, 3838], 'outcomes': [1061, 1112], 'where': [1062, 1378, 2396], 'exist.': [1064], 'Patient-specific': [1065], 'modifiers': [1066], 'comorbidities': [1068], 'issues': [1070, 3687, 3704], 'preference': [1073], 'may': [1075, 1144, 1186, 1211, 1464, 1740, 2557, 2726, 2753, 2776, 3018, 3179, 3186, 3231, 3894, 3926], 'influence': [1076], 'choice': [1078], 'tests': [1081], 'considered,': [1085], 'well': [1087, 1168, 1639, 2324], 'frequency': [1089], 'follow-up': [1091, 1820, 2793, 2801], 'cost-effectiveness.': [1093], 'When': [1094, 2357, 2380, 3058], 'available,': [1095, 2305, 2555], 'information': [1096, 2909], 'studies': [1098, 1722, 2244, 3376], 'will': [1101, 1113, 1254, 1449, 1560, 1573, 2643, 2651, 3467], 'be': [1102, 1187, 1212, 1255, 1451, 1527, 1561, 1574, 1741, 2558, 2727, 2754, 2808, 2818, 2966, 3019, 3212, 3254, 3311, 3314, 3447, 3468, 3506, 3706, 3927], 'considered;': [1103], 'however,': [1104, 2937], 'review': [1105, 1410], 'efficacy': [1109, 3404], 'constitute': [1114], 'primary': [1116, 2262, 2773, 3904], 'basis': [1117, 1498], 'preparing': [1119, 3792], 'these': [1122, 1447, 1492, 1555, 2272, 2661, 3106, 3263, 3406, 3487, 3638, 3680, 3850], 'guidelines.The': [1123], 'ACC/AHA': [1124, 1296, 1566, 1676, 2576], 'makes': [1130], 'every': [1131, 1477], 'effort': [1132, 1478], 'avoid': [1134], 'any': [1135, 1927, 1944], 'actual,': [1136], 'potential,': [1137], 'perceived': [1139, 1188, 1213], 'conflicts': [1140, 1193], 'interest': [1142, 1155], 'arise': [1145], 'result': [1148, 3021, 3181], 'industry': [1151, 1209, 1229, 1307, 1316, 1325], 'relationship': [1152, 1207, 1227, 1991], 'personal': [1154], 'writing': [1158, 1165, 1221, 1251, 1273, 1284, 1298, 1974, 2005, 2591], 'committee.': [1159], 'Specifically,': [1160], 'all': [1161, 1182, 1269, 1540, 2001, 2033, 2732, 3672], 'members': [1162, 1198, 1270, 1922, 1939, 1956, 1979, 2002], 'committee,': [1166], 'peer': [1170, 1321, 1880, 1886], 'reviewers': [1171, 1866, 2023, 2035], 'document,': [1174, 3523], 'were': [1175, 1980, 1997, 2008, 2043, 2077, 2098, 2196, 2220, 2399, 3810, 3867], 'asked': [1176], 'provide': [1178], 'disclosure': [1179], 'statements': [1180, 1258], 'relationships': [1184, 1305, 1314, 1323, 1893, 1930, 1947, 1964], 'real': [1190], 'potential': [1192, 3770], 'interest.': [1195], 'committee': [1197, 1222, 1252, 1274, 1285, 1792, 1836, 1975, 1978, 2006, 2031, 2148, 2176, 2211, 2293, 2388, 2852, 3084, 3537, 3622, 3695, 3779, 3796, 3833, 3878, 3938], 'also': [1200, 2447, 3180], 'strongly': [1201], 'encouraged': [1202], 'declare': [1204], 'previous': [1206, 1701], 'relevant': [1215, 1892, 1929, 1946, 1963, 1990, 3627], 'guideline': [1217, 1242, 1297, 1399, 1968, 1995, 2594, 3888], 'development.': [1218, 2282], 'If': [1219], 'member': [1223, 1253], 'develops': [1224], 'new': [1226, 3392, 3453, 3815, 3824], 'during': [1230], 'his': [1231], 'her': [1233], 'tenure,': [1234], 'he': [1235], 'she': [1237], 'required': [1239, 1981, 3201, 3577, 3670], 'notify': [1241], 'staff': [1243], 'writing.': [1245], 'continued': [1247], 'participation': [1248, 1485], 'reviewed.': [1256], 'These': [1257, 1382, 1398, 3184], 'reviewed': [1260, 1281, 1562, 1862, 1902, 2020, 2149, 2177], 'parent': [1263], 'force,': [1265], 'reported': [1266, 1725], 'orally': [1267], 'at': [1275, 2359, 2654, 3051, 3188, 3352, 3854], 'each': [1276, 1667, 1869], 'meeting,': [1277], 'updated': [1279, 3387], 'changes': [1287, 1752, 3866], 'occur.': [1288], 'Please': [1289], 'refer': [1290], 'methodology': [1293], 'manual': [1294], 'further': [1301, 3451], 'description': [1302], 'policy.1': [1308], 'See': [1309], 'Appendix': [1310, 1318], '2': [1319, 1864], 'reviewer': [1322], 'pertinent': [1328], 'guideline.These': [1331], 'intended': [1335, 1419, 3110], 'assist': [1337], 'providers': [1340, 1474], 'decision': [1343, 1365], 'making': [1344, 1366], 'describing': [1346], 'range': [1348], 'generally': [1350, 2276], 'acceptable': [1351, 2992], 'approaches': [1352], 'diagnosis,': [1355], 'specific': [1360, 2428, 2750, 2881, 3250, 3258], 'conditions.': [1363, 3288], 'Clinical': [1364], 'should': [1367, 1475, 2965, 3211, 3604], 'consider': [1368], 'quality': [1370, 1508], 'availability': [1372], 'expertise': [1374, 2026], 'provided.': [1381], 'attempt': [1384], 'define': [1386, 3207], 'practices': [1387, 2411], 'meet': [1389], 'needs': [1391], 'patients': [1394, 2236, 3480, 3656, 3691, 3710, 3753, 3892], 'circumstances.': [1397], 'reflect': [1401, 3389], 'consensus': [1403, 2257, 2315, 2426, 2563, 3554], 'opinion': [1406], 'after': [1407, 3237, 3760], 'thorough': [1409], 'current': [1414, 1576, 2182, 2410, 2865], 'scientific': [1415], 'care.Patient': [1423], 'adherence': [1424, 1463], 'prescribed': [1426, 1487], 'agreed': [1428], 'upon': [1429], 'regimens': [1431, 1489], 'lifestyles': [1433], 'aspect': [1437], 'treatment.': [1439], 'Prescribed': [1440], 'courses': [1441], 'accordance': [1445], 'only': [1450, 2354, 2771, 2820, 3234, 3600, 3902], 'if': [1453, 1985, 2193, 2378, 2612, 2821], 'followed.': [1456], 'Because': [1457], 'lack': [1458], 'understanding': [1461], 'adversely': [1465], 'physicians': [1469, 1809, 3579, 3603, 3612, 3744], 'make': [1476], 'engage': [1480], 'active': [1484], 'lifestyles.If': [1491], 'used': [1495, 3008, 3129, 3275, 3356, 3528, 3717], 'regulatory': [1500], 'payer': [1502], 'decisions,': [1503], 'ultimate': [1505, 1518], 'goal': [1506], 'serving': [1512], 'patient’s': [1514], 'best': [1515], 'interests.': [1516], 'judgment': [1519, 3296], 'regarding': [1520, 2427], 'must': [1526, 3068, 3292, 3705], 'made': [1528, 3811, 3868], 'provider': [1533], 'light': [1538], 'circumstances': [1543, 1550], 'presented': [1544, 2277, 2615], 'patient.': [1547], 'There': [1548], 'which': [1552, 1739, 1915, 2300, 2347, 2446, 3115, 3679, 4035], 'deviations': [1553], 'appropriate.The': [1558], 'annually': [1563], 'considered': [1575, 2853], 'unless': [1577, 3533], 'updated,': [1580], 'revised,': [1581], 'sunsetted': [1583], 'withdrawn': [1585], 'distribution.': [1587], 'executive': [1589, 1662], 'summary': [1590, 1663], 'published': [1594, 1703, 2090, 2157, 2167, 3615, 3665, 3950, 4003], '27,': [1598, 1611], '2008,': [1599, 1612], 'issue': [1600, 1613, 1620, 1632, 2915, 3093], 'Journal': [1603, 3642], 'Cardiology,': [1609], 'Circulation,': [1615], 'June': [1618], 'Rhythm.': [1623], 'full-text': [1625, 1659], 'e-published': [1628], 'same': [1631, 3789], 'journals': [1635], 'noted': [1636], 'above,': [1637], 'posted': [1641], 'ACC': [1644, 1918], '(www.acc.org),': [1645], 'AHA': [1646, 1934], '(http://my.americanheart.org),': [1647], '(HRS)': [1652], '(www.hrsonline.org)': [1653], 'Web': [1654], 'sites.': [1655], 'Copies': [1656], 'organization.Sidney': [1668], 'Smith,': [1670], 'Jr,': [1671], 'MD,': [1672], 'FACC,': [1673], 'FAHA': [1674], 'Chair,': [1675], 'Guidelines1.': [1681], 'Introduction1.1.': [1682], 'CommitteeThis': [1685], 'revision': [1686, 3618], '“ACC/AHA/NASPE': [1689, 1796], 'Devices”': [1698, 1805], 'updates': [1699], 'versions': [1702], '1984,': [1705], '1991,': [1706], '1998,': [1707], '2002.': [1709], 'Revision': [1710], 'statement': [1713, 2892, 3088, 3349], 'was': [1714, 1806, 1861, 2019, 2066, 2250, 2260, 2330, 2418, 2424, 3797, 3834], 'deemed': [1715], 'necessary': [1716], 'multiple': [1718, 2199], 'reasons:': [1719], '1)': [1720], 'advanced': [1728], 'our': [1729], 'knowledge': [1730], 'natural': [1733], 'history': [1734, 2501, 2504, 2509], 'bradyarrhythmias': [1736, 2674], 'tachyarrhythmias,': [1738, 1786], 'treated': [1742, 3658], 'optimally': [1743], 'device': [1745, 1764, 1817, 2110, 2121, 2309, 2698, 2816, 2823, 3079, 3465, 3516, 3582, 3598, 3606, 3751, 3775, 3918], 'therapy;': [1746, 1765], '2)': [1747], 'there': [1748, 2348, 2423, 2556, 4036], 'tremendous': [1751], 'management': [1755], 'heart': [1757, 1788, 2116, 2511, 2668, 2676, 3015, 3028, 3056, 3170, 3177, 3251], 'failure': [1758, 1789, 2677, 2844, 3178], 'involve': [1760], 'drug': [1762, 3032, 3936, 4027], '3)': [1767], 'major': [1768, 2413], 'advances': [1769, 3630], 'technology': [1772], 'devices': [1774, 2670, 2839, 3407, 3438], 'treat,': [1776], 'delay,': [1777], 'even': [1779, 2326, 2611], 'prevent': [1780], 'morbidity': [1781], 'mortality': [1783, 3532, 3542, 3558], 'bradyarrhythmias,': [1785], 'occurred.The': [1791], 'composed': [1807], 'who': [1810, 2007], 'experts': [1812, 2259], 'areas': [1815, 2395], 'therapy': [1818, 2303, 2310, 2569, 2925, 3080, 3246, 3430, 3466, 3633, 3662, 4028], 'senior': [1822], 'clinicians': [1823], 'skilled': [1824], 'internal': [1828], 'medicine,': [1829], 'surgery,': [1831], 'ethics,': [1832], 'socioeconomics.': [1834], 'included': [1837, 2096], 'Surgery,': [1845], 'America,': [1850], 'Surgeons.1.2.': [1855], 'ApprovalThe': [1859], 'document': [1860, 1899, 2056, 2170, 2622, 2740, 3361], 'official': [1865], 'nominated': [1867], 'ACC,': [1872, 1911, 2160], 'AHA,': [1873, 1912, 2161], 'HRS': [1875, 1952], '11': [1878], 'reviewers.': [1881], 'Of': [1882], 'total': [1884], '17': [1885], 'reviewers,': [1887], '10': [1888], 'had': [1889, 1926, 1943, 1960, 1987, 3668], 'no': [1890, 1961, 2301, 2350, 2390, 4038], 'industry.': [1895, 1993], 'In': [1896, 2267, 2394, 3952], 'addition,': [1897], 'has': [1900, 2926, 3385, 3497, 3993], 'approved': [1904, 1999], 'governing': [1907], 'bodies': [1908], 'HRS,': [1914], '19': [1917], 'Board': [1919, 1953], 'Trustees': [1921, 1955], '(none': [1923, 1940], 'whom': [1925, 1942, 1959], 'industry),': [1932, 1949], '15': [1933], 'Science': [1935], 'Advisory': [1936], 'Coordinating': [1937], '14': [1951], '(6': [1957], 'industry).': [1966], 'All': [1967, 2593], 'underwent': [1970], 'formal,': [1972], 'blinded': [1973], 'vote.': [1976, 2011], 'recuse': [1983], 'themselves': [1984, 2545], 'unanimously': [1998], 'eligible': [2009], 'section': [2013, 2799, 2856, 3380, 3954], '“Pacing': [2014, 3318], 'Children': [2016], 'Adolescents”': [2018], 'special': [2025], 'pediatric': [2028], 'electrophysiology.': [2029], 'thanks': [2032], 'their': [2037, 2041, 3712], 'comments.': [2038], 'Many': [2039, 2534, 2994], 'suggestions': [2042], 'incorporated': [2044], 'into': [2045], 'final': [2047], 'document.1.3.': [2048], 'EvidenceThe': [2051], 'listed': [2053, 2706, 2963, 3912], 'are,': [2057], 'whenever': [2058], 'possible,': [2059], 'based.': [2061], 'An': [2062, 2335], 'extensive': [2063], 'survey': [2065, 2408], 'conducted': [2067, 2085, 2419], 'led': [2069], 'incorporation': [2072], '527': [2074], 'references.': [2075], 'Searches': [2076], 'limited': [2078, 2100, 2225], 'studies,': [2080], 'reviews,': [2081], 'human': [2087, 3686], 'subjects': [2088], 'English.': [2092], 'Key': [2093], 'search': [2094], 'words': [2095], 'but': [2097, 2867, 3276, 3893], 'not': [2099, 2174, 2527, 2543, 2554, 2685, 2717, 2841, 2869, 2927, 3090, 3109, 3214, 3277, 3364, 3570, 3994], 'antiarrhythmic,': [2102], 'antibradycardia,': [2103], 'atrial': [2104], 'fibrillation,': [2105], 'bradyarrhythmia,': [2106], 'cardiac,': [2107], 'CRT,': [2108], 'defibrillator,': [2109, 2120], 'therapy,': [2111, 2126, 3599], 'devices,': [2112, 3432], 'dual': [2113], 'chamber,': [2114], 'heart,': [2115], 'failure,': [2117, 2512], 'ICD,': [2118, 3513], 'implantable': [2119, 2682], 'implantation,': [2122, 3752], 'long-QT': [2123], 'syndrome,': [2124], 'pacemaker,': [2127], 'pacing,': [2128], 'quality-of-life,': [2129], 'resynchronization,': [2130, 2680], 'rhythm,': [2131], 'sinus': [2132, 3218], 'node': [2133, 3040], 'dysfunction,': [2134], 'sleep': [2135], 'apnea,': [2136], 'sudden': [2137, 3414, 3549], 'cardiac': [2138, 2679, 2689, 2921, 3415, 3428], 'death,': [2139], 'syncope,': [2140, 3155], 'tachyarrhythmia,': [2141], 'terminal': [2142], 'transplantation.': [2145], 'Additionally,': [2146], 'documents': [2150], 'related': [2151, 3401, 3688], 'matter': [2155], 'previously': [2156, 3423, 3949], 'HRS.': [2163], 'References': [2164], 'representative': [2172], 'all-inclusive.The': [2175], 'ranked': [2179, 2189, 2212, 2251, 2331], 'supporting': [2181, 2975], 'recommendations,': [2183], 'weight': [2186], 'Level': [2191, 2216, 2253, 2333, 2360, 2381, 2482, 2520], 'A': [2192, 2517, 2890], 'derived': [2197, 2221], 'randomized': [2200, 2351, 2551, 3674, 3816], 'trials': [2202, 2228, 2352, 2488, 2552, 3454, 3677, 3817, 3846], 'involved': [2204, 2230], 'large': [2206], 'number': [2207, 2226, 2234], 'individuals.': [2209], 'B': [2217, 2523], 'either': [2222, 3812], 'comparatively': [2232], 'small': [2233], 'well-designed': [2239], 'analyses': [2241], 'nonrandomized': [2243], 'observational': [2246], 'registries.': [2248], 'Evidence': [2249, 2522], 'C': [2254, 2361, 2382, 2525], 'source': [2263], 'recommendation.': [2266, 2637], 'narrative': [2269], 'portions': [2270], 'guidelines,': [2273, 2735, 3264, 3666, 3864], 'chronological': [2279], 'order': [2280], 'Studies': [2283], 'identified': [2285], 'observational,': [2287], 'randomized,': [2288], 'prospective,': [2289], 'retrospective.': [2291], 'emphasizes': [2294], 'certain': [2297, 3858], 'conditions': [2298], 'indications': [2307, 2358, 2383, 2964, 2997, 3344, 3373, 3382, 3425, 3463], 'based': [2312, 2385], 'years': [2317], 'experience': [2320], 'thus': [2323], 'supported,': [2325], 'though': [2327, 2550], 'analogous': [2336], 'example': [2337], 'penicillin': [2342], 'pneumococcal': [2344], 'pneumonia,': [2345], 'experience.': [2356], 'supported': [2363], 'historical': [2365], 'data,': [2367], 'appropriate': [2368, 2665, 2935, 3294, 3518, 3562], 'references': [2369, 2391], '(e.g.,': [2370, 2401, 2671, 3013, 3934], 'case': [2371], 'reports': [2372], 'reviews)': [2375], 'cited': [2377], 'available.': [2379], 'strictly': [2386, 3117], 'consensus,': [2389], 'cited.': [2393], 'sparse': [2397], 'pacing': [2402, 2429, 2669, 2922, 3245], 'children': [2404], 'adolescents),': [2406], 'centers': [2414], 'North': [2416, 2898], 'America': [2417], 'determine': [2421], 'whether': [2422], 'indications.': [2430], 'schema': [2432], 'classification': [2434, 3856], 'level': [2438], 'summarized': [2442], 'Table': [2444], '1,': [2445], 'illustrates': [2448], 'how': [2449, 3070], 'grading': [2451], 'system': [2452, 3050], 'provides': [2453, 2908], 'estimate': [2455, 2465], 'size': [2458], 'effect': [2462], 'certainty': [2468], 'effect.': [2472], 'Download': [2473], 'figureDownload': [2474], 'PowerPointTable': [2475], 'Applying': [2477], 'Classification': [2478], 'Recommendations': [2480], 'Evidence*Data': [2484], 'registries': [2490], 'about': [2491], 'usefulness/efficacy': [2493], 'different': [2495, 3286], 'subpopulations,': [2496], 'gender,': [2499], 'age,': [2500], 'diabetes,': [2503], 'prior': [2506, 2514], 'myocardial': [2507, 3962], 'infarction,': [2508], 'aspirin': [2515], 'use.': [2516], 'recommendation': [2518, 2531, 2657], 'does': [2526, 2716, 3089, 3363], 'imply': [2528], 'weak.': [2533], 'questions': [2537], 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'defibrillator': [2924], 'studied': [2929], 'sufficiently': [2930], 'formulation': [2933], 'guidelines5;': [2936], 'question': [2939], 'emphasize': [2950, 3735], 'patient-family-physician': [2954], 'discussion': [2955, 2989], 'ethical': [2957], 'principles.The': [2958], 'text': [2959], 'accompanies': [2961], 'read': [2967], 'carefully,': [2968], 'it': [2970, 2986, 3309, 3458, 3490, 3505, 3992], 'rationale': [2973], 'many': [2978], 'indications,': [2981], 'several': [2984, 3357], 'instances,': [2985], 'alternative': [2991], 'therapies.': [2993, 3488], 'term': [3002, 3006, 3125, 3525], '“potentially': [3003], 'reversible.”': [3004], 'This': [3005], 'indicate': [3010, 3530], 'abnormal': [3011], 'pathophysiology': [3012], 'block)': [3016], 'reversible': [3023, 3063], 'factors.': [3024], 'Examples': [3025], 'block': [3029, 3958], 'due': [3030], 'toxicity': [3033], '(digitalis),': [3034], 'electrolyte': [3035], 'abnormalities,': [3036], 'periatrioventricular': [3039], 'inflammation': [3041], 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'circumstances,': [3259], 'detailed': [3261], 'subsequently.In': [3262], 'terms': [3266], '“persistent,”': [3267], '“transient,”': [3268], '“not': [3270], 'resolve”': [3273], 'element': [3283], 'varies': [3284], 'deciding': [3301], 'persistent': [3306], 'transient.': [3315], 'Section': [3316], '2.1.4,': [3317], 'Infarction,”': [3326], 'overlaps': [3327], '“ACC/AHA': [3330, 3972], 'Management': [3334, 3976], 'ST-Elevation': [3338, 3980], 'Infarction”6': [3340], 'expanded': [3343, 3474], 'stylistic': [3346], 'changes.': [3347], '“incidental': [3350], 'finding': [3351], 'electrophysiological': [3353, 3375], 'study”': [3354], 'times': [3358], 'mean': [3365], 'study': [3369], 'indicated.': [3371], 'published.7The': [3379], 'ICDs': [3384, 3435], 'numerous': [3391], 'developments': [3393], 'field': [3396], 'voluminous': [3399], 'prophylaxis': [3412], 'death': [3416, 3550], '(SCD)': [3417], 'malignant': [3419], 'ventricular': [3420], 'noted,': [3424], 'resynchronization': [3429], '(CRT)': 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