Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2895550685', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'title': "Comparative effectiveness research using registries, databases, and networks in women's and children's health: Time to embrace the future?", 'display_name': "Comparative effectiveness research using registries, databases, and networks in women's and children's health: Time to embrace the future?", 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-10-02', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2895550685', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'mag': '2895550685', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30280377'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S192518766', 'display_name': 'Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica', 'issn_l': '0001-6349', 'issn': ['0001-6349', '1600-0412'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320449', 'host_organization_name': 'Informa', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320449'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Informa'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'editorial', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083858593', 'display_name': 'Prakesh S. Shah', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-0488'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I185261750', 'display_name': 'University of Toronto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03dbr7087', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1291836623', 'display_name': 'Mount Sinai Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05deks119', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1291836623', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130843']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Prakesh S. Shah', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1291836623']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1291836623']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029779761', 'display_name': 'Ganesh Acharya', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1997-3107'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1335113835', 'display_name': 'Karolinska University Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00m8d6786', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1335113835']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I28166907', 'display_name': 'Karolinska Institutet', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056d84691', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I28166907']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78037679', 'display_name': 'UiT The Arctic University of Norway', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00wge5k78', 'country_code': 'NO', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78037679']}], 'countries': ['NO', 'SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ganesh Acharya', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden', 'Women′s Health and Perinatology Research Group Department of Clinical Medicine UiT‐The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1335113835', 'https://openalex.org/I28166907']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Women′s Health and Perinatology Research Group Department of Clinical Medicine UiT‐The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78037679']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5083858593'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750', 'https://openalex.org/I1291836623'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 62}, 'biblio': {'volume': '97', 'issue': '11', 'first_page': '1285', 'last_page': '1286'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10804', 'display_name': 'Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10804', 'display_name': 'Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12443', 'display_name': 'Delphi Technique in Research', 'score': 0.9944, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11590', 'display_name': 'Primary Care and Health Outcomes', 'score': 0.9868, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-study-design', 'display_name': 'Clinical study design', 'score': 0.7304326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/research-design', 'display_name': 'Research Design', 'score': 0.7016412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/external-validity', 'display_name': 'External validity', 'score': 0.6637517}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-validity', 'display_name': 'Internal validity', 'score': 0.63502526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sample', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'score': 0.45390785}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C148482608', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007018', 'display_name': 'Clinical study design', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7304326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779318504', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035', 'display_name': 'Research design', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7016412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.69379234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C174106493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057880', 'display_name': 'External validity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6637517}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129848803', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360', 'display_name': 'Sample size determination', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6551464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C51082289', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113800', 'display_name': 'Internal validity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63502526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27415008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382', 'display_name': 'Psychological intervention', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6160287}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77350462', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472', 'display_name': 'Confounding', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6067934}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40423286', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172', 'display_name': 'Selection bias', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5879859}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198531522', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45390785}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168563851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668', 'display_name': 'Randomized controlled trial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44034776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109359841', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944', 'display_name': 'Inclusion (mineral)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4310614}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133462117', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239', 'display_name': 'Data collection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4216288}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775924081', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371', 'display_name': 'Control (management)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4166613}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162118730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453', 'display_name': 'Actuarial science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3393094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C535046627', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612', 'display_name': 'Clinical trial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31413376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17686257}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17548922}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16280684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15295145}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159110408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176', 'display_name': 'Nursing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15002176}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000067576', 'descriptor_name': 'Child Health', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D057186', 'descriptor_name': 'Comparative Effectiveness Research', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016208', 'descriptor_name': 'Databases, Factual', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012042', 'descriptor_name': 'Registries', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012107', 'descriptor_name': 'Research Design', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016387', 'descriptor_name': "Women's Health", 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002648', 'descriptor_name': 'Child', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D057186', 'descriptor_name': 'Comparative Effectiveness Research', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S192518766', 'display_name': 'Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica', 'issn_l': '0001-6349', 'issn': ['0001-6349', '1600-0412'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320449', 'host_organization_name': 'Informa', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320449'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Informa'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30280377', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/aogs.13465', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S192518766', 'display_name': 'Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica', 'issn_l': '0001-6349', 'issn': ['0001-6349', '1600-0412'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320449', 'host_organization_name': 'Informa', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320449'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Informa'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.49, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9', 'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 7, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2055557358', 'https://openalex.org/W2120645924', 'https://openalex.org/W2131955313', 'https://openalex.org/W2153012086', 'https://openalex.org/W2799713746', 'https://openalex.org/W4205374244', 'https://openalex.org/W4256508124'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4293795579', 'https://openalex.org/W4254036924', 'https://openalex.org/W4244657846', 'https://openalex.org/W3203517471', 'https://openalex.org/W3116752208', 'https://openalex.org/W2903145435', 'https://openalex.org/W2624870995', 'https://openalex.org/W2129848035', 'https://openalex.org/W2120075565', 'https://openalex.org/W2104918477'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Traditional': [0], 'study': [1, 24, 38, 55, 122, 530, 637, 715, 788, 795, 851, 1092], 'designs': [2, 9, 25, 39, 123], 'that': [3, 98, 644, 731], 'identify': [4, 316], 'exposure-outcome': [5], 'relations': [6], 'include': [7, 939], 'nonexperimental': [8, 35, 54], 'such': [10, 183, 220, 289, 450, 456, 900, 961, 1008, 1069], 'as': [11, 20, 22, 92, 94, 184, 191, 193, 226, 243, 253, 457, 520, 640, 761, 796, 901, 925, 1035], 'case-control': [12], 'studies,': [13, 16], 'cross': [14], 'sectional': [15], 'and': [17, 36, 46, 50, 69, 76, 102, 104, 115, 131, 135, 137, 141, 144, 280, 315, 362, 366, 402, 441, 472, 498, 539, 560, 564, 572, 576, 605, 659, 696, 699, 743, 767, 821, 836, 844, 858, 894, 903, 948, 1007, 1060, 1095, 1122, 1127, 1140, 1152, 1164], 'cohort': [18], 'studies': [19, 535, 592, 604, 610, 626], 'well': [21, 93, 192], 'experimental': [23, 37, 82], 'in': [26, 234, 409, 425, 434, 464, 504, 515, 671, 690, 786, 831, 840, 863, 870, 910, 933, 958, 1002, 1024, 1049, 1082, 1101, 1145, 1185], 'the': [27, 58, 79, 126, 151, 155, 159, 178, 194, 205, 239, 277, 297, 324, 343, 380, 418, 458, 465, 469, 492, 499, 505, 567, 577, 664, 672, 676, 680, 707, 718, 735, 781, 787, 794, 811, 859, 872, 919, 967, 971, 974, 1025, 1040, 1054, 1096, 1141, 1158, 1186], 'form': [28, 527], 'of': [29, 44, 60, 63, 128, 133, 139, 180, 207, 214, 229, 245, 255, 312, 326, 345, 382, 491, 495, 508, 528, 533, 562, 666, 678, 694, 703, 713, 724, 783, 793, 803, 814, 828, 838, 846, 850, 875, 885, 981, 983, 991, 1018, 1027, 1042, 1063, 1074, 1110, 1160, 1194], 'randomized': [30, 437], 'controlled': [31], 'trials': [32], '(RCTs).': [33], 'Both': [34], 'are': [40, 231, 250, 374, 443, 717, 953, 1107], 'associated': [41, 85], 'with': [42, 86, 259, 406, 449, 543, 630, 805, 1157], 'issues': [43], 'internal': [45, 555], 'external': [47, 108], 'validity,': [48, 556], 'time,': [49], 'expenses.': [51], 'For': [52], 'example,': [53], 'design': [56, 83, 411, 599, 716, 852], 'has': [57, 300, 660, 774], 'limitations': [59, 156], 'nonrandom': [61], 'inclusion': [62, 677], 'participants': [64], 'leading': [65, 547], 'to': [66, 72, 111, 147, 161, 204, 223, 275, 283, 309, 322, 331, 339, 384, 395, 445, 477, 501, 548, 622, 750, 779, 878, 890, 921, 935, 955, 969, 978, 1067, 1085, 1091, 1098, 1143, 1147, 1196], 'selection': [67], 'bias': [68], 'an': [70, 235, 855, 979, 992, 1009], 'inability': [71, 160], 'control': [73], 'for': [74, 89, 150, 168, 211, 219, 483, 570, 580, 589, 674, 765, 769, 818, 1057, 1125, 1135, 1165], 'confounders': [75], 'mediators.': [77], 'On': [78], 'other': [80, 189], 'hand,': [81], 'is': [84, 320, 364, 517, 638, 652, 732, 854, 918, 928, 1133], 'a': [87, 163, 267, 423, 435, 474, 512, 521, 586, 631, 635, 641, 654, 684, 701, 721, 728, 740, 745, 762, 776, 815, 929, 1012, 1030, 1036], 'need': [88, 673, 889], 'large': [90, 95, 164, 227, 305, 475, 1013], 'infrastructure,': [91, 675], 'sample': [96, 166], 'sizes': [97], 'consume': [99], 'significant': [100, 669, 860, 881, 930], 'time': [101, 218, 1134], 'resources': [103], 'sometimes': [105], 'have': [106, 124, 202, 265, 404, 467, 1181, 1191], 'limited': [107], 'validity': [109], 'due': [110], 'strict': [112], 'eligibility': [113], 'criteria': [114], 'participation': [116, 665], 'bias.': [117], 'Despite': [118], 'these': [119, 121], 'limitations,': [120], 'formed': [125, 266], 'basis': [127, 179], 'evaluating': [129, 607], 'causes': [130], 'consequences': [132], 'diseases': [134], 'effectiveness': [136, 291, 344, 603, 609, 985, 1001, 1020], 'safety': [138, 494], 'medical': [140, 298, 400], 'surgical': [142], 'interventions,': [143], 'will': [145, 487, 866, 1180], 'continue': [146], 'do': [148, 1155], 'so': [149], 'foreseeable': [152], 'future.': [153], 'However,': [154, 356, 566, 772], 'imposed': [157], 'by': [158, 198, 734, 823], 'recruit': [162], 'enough': [165], 'size': [167], 'rare': [169, 1093], 'conditions': [170, 172], 'or': [171, 188, 242, 262, 307, 388, 429, 798, 986, 1033, 1115], 'where': [173, 257], 'disease': [174], 'patterns': [175, 311], 'vary': [176], 'on': [177, 342, 352, 359, 376, 392, 447, 739, 747, 807], 'individual': [181], 'characteristics': [182, 261], 'age': [185], 'group,': [186], 'ethnicity,': [187], 'characteristics,': [190], 'financial': [195], 'challenges': [196], 'faced': [197], 'research': [199, 215, 270, 292, 410, 1043, 1119], 'funding': [200, 454], 'agencies,': [201], 'led': [203], 'testing': [206], 'alternative': [208], 'evaluation': [209, 563, 1017], 'methods': [210], 'different': [212, 413, 496, 832], 'models': [213], 'design.': [216, 531], 'The': [217, 612, 710, 754, 848, 883, 1071, 1167, 1189], 'endeavors': [221], 'appears': [222], 'be': [224, 323, 867, 891, 1046], 'ripe': [225], 'amounts': [228], 'data': [230, 249, 302, 329, 545, 550, 621, 649, 756, 770, 816, 887, 1055, 1075, 1083], 'now': [232], 'collected': [233, 252], 'electronic': [236, 1078], 'format': [237], 'at': [238, 412, 706, 1177], "patient's": [240], 'bedside': [241], 'part': [244, 254], 'national': [246], 'registries.': [247], 'Furthermore,': [248], 'also': [251, 518, 888], 'networks': [256, 308], 'units': [258], 'similar': [260], 'geographic': [263], 'location': [264], 'practice-based': [268, 1118], 'clinical': [269, 386, 513, 524, 642, 656], 'network.': [271], 'We': [272, 1130], 'would': [273], 'like': [274], 'highlight': [276], 'potential': [278], 'advantages': [279], 'practical': [281], 'opportunities': [282], 'generate': [284, 623, 1171], 'robust': [285, 912], 'evidence': [286, 335, 377, 749, 876, 913], 'arising': [287], 'from': [288, 304, 379, 647, 810, 914], 'comparative': [290, 493], '(CER)': [293], 'studies.': [294], 'Until': [295], 'now,': [296], 'community': [299], 'used': [301], 'generated': [303, 877], 'registries': [306, 1034, 1123], 'understand': [310], 'disease,': [313], 'epidemiology,': [314], 'trends.': [317], 'This': [318, 486], 'process': [319, 507, 758], 'considered': [321, 653], 'use': [325, 381], 'real': [327, 333], 'world': [328, 334], '(RWD)': [330], 'produce': [332], '(RWE).': [336], 'In': [337, 1015], 'order': [338], 'obtain': [340], 'information': [341, 806, 1168], 'any': [346, 808], 'intervention,': [347], 'we': [348, 1150, 1154, 1179], 'still': [349], 'rely': [350], 'heavily': [351], 'rigorously': [353], 'conducted': [354], 'RCTs.': [355], 'conducting': [357, 590], 'RCTs': [358, 692], 'every': [360], 'condition': [361], 'treatment': [363, 428, 481, 602, 608, 737, 984, 1000, 1019], 'impractical': [365], 'economically': [367], 'prohibitive.': [368], 'Thus,': [369], 'increasingly': [370], 'more,': [371], 'decision-making': [372, 506], 'authorities': [373], 'relying': [375], 'produced': [378], 'RWD': [383, 646, 917], 'guide': [385], 'care': [387], 'enhance': [389, 956], 'their': [390], 'work': [391], 'policy': [393], 'development': [394, 813, 849, 865], 'deliver': [396], 'appropriate': [397], 'healthcare.': [398], 'Various': [399], 'specialties': [401], 'subspecialties': [403], 'grappled': [405], 'this': [407], 'change': [408], 'paces.': [414], 'Oncology': [415], 'groups': [416], 'pioneered': [417], 'CER': [419, 470, 529, 534, 591, 714, 915, 1028, 1051, 1111, 1146], 'approach': [420], 'decades': [421], 'ago,': [422], 'method': [424], 'which': [426, 952], 'two': [427, 597], 'screening': [430], 'regimens': [431], 'were': [432], 'evaluated': [433], 'quasi-cluster': [436], 'design.1': [438], 'Gynecology,': [439], 'obstetrics,2': [440], 'neonatology3': [442], 'beginning': [444], 'get': [446], 'board': [448], 'conceptual': [451], 'options.': [452], 'Major': [453], 'organizations': [455], 'Patient': [459], 'Centered': [460], 'Outcomes': [461, 573], 'Research': [462, 574], 'Institute': [463], 'US,': [466], 'embraced': [468], 'concept': [471], 'funded': [473], 'registry': [476], 'answer': [478], 'questions': [479, 994], 'regarding': [480, 554], 'options': [482], 'uterine': [484], 'fibroid.2': [485], 'allow': [488], 'both': [489], 'understanding': [490, 980], 'treatments': [497], 'ability': [500, 920, 1090, 1097], 'incorporate': [502], 'stakeholders': [503, 839], 'developing': [509], 'guidelines.': [510], 'Similarly,': [511], 'trial': [514, 643, 657], 'neonatology': [516], 'planned': [519], 'registry-based': [522], 'pragmatic': [523, 655], 'trial,3': [525], 'another': [526], 'Critics': [532], 'using': [536, 593, 748, 896, 916, 1029, 1077, 1112], 'registries,': [537, 1113], 'databases,': [538], 'networks,': [540, 1032, 1114, 1120], 'cite': [541], 'problems': [542], 'non-robust': [544], 'collection': [546, 757, 1076], 'missing': [549, 886], 'points,': [551], 'some': [552, 1003], 'reservations': [553], 'unbalanced': [557], 'confounding,': [558], 'data-dredging,': [559], 'non-transparency': [561], 'reporting.': [565], 'International': [568, 578], 'Society': [569, 579], 'Pharmacoeconomics': [571], '(ISPOR)': [575], 'Pharmacoepidemiology': [581], '(ISPE)': [582], 'task': [583], 'force': [584], 'suggested': [585, 954], 'baseline': [587], 'framework': [588], 'RWD.4': [594], 'They': [595], 'identified': [596], 'main': [598], 'frameworks:': [600], 'exploratory': [601, 797], 'hypothesis': [606], '(HETE).': [611], 'former': [613], 'lacks': [614], 'hypotheses': [615, 1173], 'but': [616, 1176], 'may': [617, 976, 1065, 1170], 'contain': [618], 'enriched': [619], 'quality': [620], 'hypotheses.': [624], 'HETE': [625, 636], 'evaluate': [627], 'intervention': [628], 'effect': [629], 'predefined': [632], 'hypothesis.': [633], 'When': [634], 'designed': [639], 'uses': [645], 'routine': [648], 'collection,': [650], 'it': [651, 1132], '(PCT)5': [658], 'several': [661], 'advantages,': [662], 'including': [663], 'multiple': [667], 'centers,': [668], 'reduction': [670], 'all': [679], 'patients': [681, 1004], 'rather': [682], 'than': [683, 1174], 'select': [685], 'population6': [686], '(a': [687], 'common': [688], 'issue': [689, 1041], 'traditional': [691, 936], 'because': [693], 'consent': [695], 'capacity': [697], 'issues),': [698], 'bringing': [700], 'consistency': [702], 'patient': [704], 'management': [705], 'unit': [708], 'level.': [709], 'key': [711, 908], 'elements': [712], 'following:': [719], '(a)': [720], 'direct': [722], 'comparison': [723], 'active': [725], 'treatments,': [726], '(b)': [727], 'typical': [729], 'population': [730], 'affected': [733], 'tested': [736], 'decisions': [738], 'daily': [741], 'basis,': [742], '(c)': [744], 'focus': [746], 'inform': [751], 'future': [752], 'care.7': [753], 'existing': [755], 'usually': [759], 'acts': [760], 'central': [763], 'conduit': [764], 'recruitment': [766], 'subsequently': [768], 'acquisition.': [771], 'ISPOR-ISPE': [773], 'recommended': [775], 'few': [777], 'suggestions': [778], 'increase': [780], 'confidence': [782, 957], 'end': [784], 'users': [785], 'results.': [789], 'These': [790], 'included:': [791], 'pre-identification': [792], 'HETE;': [799], 'protocol': [800, 864], 'registration;': [801], 'publication': [802], 'results': [804, 1064], 'deviation': [809], 'protocol;': [812], 'repository': [817], 'result': [819, 829], 'replication,': [820], 'confirmation': [822], 'others': [824], 'whenever': [825], 'possible;': [826], 'exploration': [827], 'reproducibility': [830], 'datasets;': [833], 'public': [834, 1061, 1142], 'reporting;': [835], 'engagement': [837, 862], 'design,': [841], 'execution,': [842], 'analyses,': [843, 924, 941, 944], 'interpretation': [845], 'result.4': [847], 'guidelines': [853], 'important': [856, 869], 'step,': [857], 'stakeholder': [861], 'particularly': [868], 'easing': [871], 'knowledge': [873], 'translation': [874], 'implementation': [879], 'without': [880], 'delays.': [882], 'concerns': [884], 'handled': [892], 'transparently': [893], 'critically': [895], 'proper': [897], 'statistical': [898], 'techniques': [899, 938], 'imputation': [902], 'accompanying': [904], 'sensitivity': [905, 923], 'analyses.': [906], 'One': [907], 'piece': [909], 'generating': [911], 'conduct': [922], 'unmeasured': [926], 'confounding': [927], 'challenge.': [931], 'Solutions': [932], 'addition': [934], 'regression': [937], 'stratified': [940], 'propensity-score': [942], 'based': [943], 'instrumental': [945], 'variable': [946], 'approach,': [947], 'structural': [949], 'modeling': [950], 'techniques,': [951], 'results.8': [959], 'If': [960], 'analyses': [962], 'provide': [963], 'disparate': [964], 'results,': [965], 'then': [966], 'opportunity': [968], 'explore': [970, 1148], 'reasons': [972], 'behind': [973], 'discrepancy': [975], 'lead': [977], 'predictors': [982, 1021], 'ineffectiveness.': [987], 'Even': [988], 'after': [989], 'completion': [990], 'RCT': [993], 'always': [995], 'remain': [996], 'about': [997], 'what': [998, 1149, 1162], 'predicts': [999], 'over': [1005], 'others,': [1006], 'interrogation': [1010], 'requires': [1011], 'dataset.': [1014], 'contrast,': [1016], 'lands': [1022], 'perfectly': [1023], 'realm': [1026], 'database,': [1031], 'solid': [1037], 'backbone.': [1038], 'Finally,': [1039], 'fraud': [1044], 'cannot': [1045], 'ignored.': [1047], 'Transparency': [1048], 'publishing': [1050], 'protocols,': [1052], 'making': [1053], 'available': [1056], 'secondary': [1058], 'interrogation,': [1059], 'disclosure': [1062], 'help': [1066], 'alleviate': [1068], 'concerns.': [1070], 'relative': [1072], 'ease': [1073], 'repositories,': [1079], 'widespread': [1080, 1105], 'interest': [1081, 1195], 'mining': [1084], 'facilitate': [1086], 'precision': [1087], 'medicine,': [1088], 'cost-efficiency,': [1089], 'diseases,': [1094], 'learn': [1099], 'variations': [1100], 'therapeutic': [1102], 'responsiveness': [1103], 'across': [1104], 'populations': [1106], 'attractive': [1108], 'features': [1109], 'databases.': [1116], 'Several': [1117], 'repositories': [1121], 'exist': [1124], "women's": [1126], "children's": [1128], 'health.': [1129], 'think': [1131], 'researchers,': [1136], 'stakeholders,': [1137], 'patients,': [1138], 'policymakers,': [1139], 'engage': [1144], 'do,': [1151], 'how': [1153], 'it,': [1156], 'goal': [1159], 'learning': [1161], 'matters': [1163], 'whom.': [1166], 'gathered': [1169], 'more': [1172], 'answers,': [1175], 'least': [1178], 'advanced': [1182], 'one': [1183], 'step': [1184], 'right': [1187], 'direction.': [1188], 'authors': [1190], 'no': [1192], 'conflict': [1193], 'disclose.': [1197]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2895550685', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T06:32:19.345491', 'created_date': '2018-10-12'}