Title: Wine Grapes (Vitis vinifera) and Wine-Based Food Supplements
Abstract: Grape, Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) crops have spread from the African Mediterranean region and nowadays are cultivated in many countries around the world. This fruit was consumed by the ancient Greeks, Romans, and Persians and reached the Far East being used as both a food and medicinal agent. Nowadays a lot of food supplements contain grape products (grapes, grape seed, grape leaves, wine) in different quantities. The main bioactive agents in grape berries and leaves are sugars, nitrogenous (quaternary ammonium compounds) and aroma-producing compounds, vitamins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic and fruit acids, and tannins. They are very good sources of pectin as well as mineral elements depending on their subspecies and agricultural growing conditions. Grape seeds contain polyphenols (stilbenes in red grapes), fatty acids, linolenic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids, tocoferol isoforms, and quaternary ammonium compounds, in addition to mineral elements in their concentrated form. The number of food supplements is drastically increased by European Union law harmonization, because new ingredients, among other plant extracts, have been adopted to vitamins and minerals. It is important to remember that the consumption of food supplements should only occur when there is a dietary deficiency, a connection to a specific disease, of if it is necessary to increase stamina.
Publication Year: 2018
Publication Date: 2018-10-05
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 1
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