Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2894675732', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.10.0425', 'title': 'A Study on Chicken Fat as an Alternative Feedstock: Biodiesel Production, Fuel Characterisation, and Diesel Engine Performance Analysis', 'display_name': 'A Study on Chicken Fat as an Alternative Feedstock: Biodiesel Production, Fuel Characterisation, and Diesel Engine Performance Analysis', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-10-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2894675732', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.10.0425', 'mag': '2894675732'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.10.0425', 'pdf_url': 'http://journal.ump.edu.my/ijame/article/download/75/59', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764691580', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering', 'issn_l': '2180-1606', 'issn': ['2180-1606', '2229-8649'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321442', 'host_organization_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Pahang', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321442'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Universiti Malaysia Pahang'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'http://journal.ump.edu.my/ijame/article/download/75/59', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001396816', 'display_name': 'Mohd Nurfirdaus Bin Mohiddin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0994-7332'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41461413', 'display_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Sarawak', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05b307002', 'country_code': 'MY', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}], 'countries': ['MY'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. N. Mohiddin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109678882', 'display_name': 'A. A. Saleh', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41461413', 'display_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Sarawak', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05b307002', 'country_code': 'MY', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}], 'countries': ['MY'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'A. A. Saleh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109541311', 'display_name': 'A. N. R. Reddy', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41461413', 'display_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Sarawak', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05b307002', 'country_code': 'MY', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}], 'countries': ['MY'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. N. R. Reddy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008265445', 'display_name': 'Sinin Hamdan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0005-8451'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41461413', 'display_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Sarawak', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05b307002', 'country_code': 'MY', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}], 'countries': ['MY'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Hamdan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5109678882'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.118, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 32, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999975, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 94, 'max': 95}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '5535', 'last_page': '5546'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10507', 'display_name': 'Biodiesel Production and Applications', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10507', 'display_name': 'Biodiesel Production and Applications', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11557', 'display_name': 'Lubricants and Their Additives', 'score': 0.9649, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11351', 'display_name': 'Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies', 'score': 0.9194, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/en-14214', 'display_name': 'EN 14214', 'score': 0.80887395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetable-oil-refining', 'display_name': 'Vegetable oil refining', 'score': 0.41710916}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52896960', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947', 'display_name': 'Biodiesel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9317316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779181308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388151', 'display_name': 'EN 14214', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.80887395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138171918', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423', 'display_name': 'Diesel fuel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7308815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66910140', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905957', 'display_name': 'Biodiesel production', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.63667303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206139338', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355', 'display_name': 'Raw material', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59649605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777241282', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591576', 'display_name': 'Transesterification', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57394475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C528095902', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886', 'display_name': 'Pulp and paper industry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52811515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73081478', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814856', 'display_name': 'Brake specific fuel consumption', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46463636}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43887115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53991642', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991', 'display_name': 'Biofuel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43547714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175461058', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107002401', 'display_name': 'Vegetable oil refining', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.41710916}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.39587086}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779607525', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14982', 'display_name': 'Methanol', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.222734}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19166404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.11511585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.098172456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161790260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264', 'display_name': 'Catalysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.055409014}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.10.0425', 'pdf_url': 'http://journal.ump.edu.my/ijame/article/download/75/59', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764691580', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering', 'issn_l': '2180-1606', 'issn': ['2180-1606', '2229-8649'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321442', 'host_organization_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Pahang', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321442'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Universiti Malaysia Pahang'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/22049/1/A%20Study%20on%20Chicken%20Fat%20as%20an%20Alternativ%3B%20Feedstock%20%20Biodiesel%20Production%2C%20Fuel%20Characterisation%2C%20and%20Diesel%20Engine%20Performance%20Analysis%20%20%28abstract%29.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/22049/1/A%20Study%20on%20Chicken%20Fat%20as%20an%20Alternativ%3B%20Feedstock%20%20Biodiesel%20Production%2C%20Fuel%20Characterisation%2C%20and%20Diesel%20Engine%20Performance%20Analysis%20%20%28abstract%29.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400335', 'display_name': 'Unimas Institutional Repository (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I41461413', 'host_organization_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Sarawak', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41461413'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Universiti Malaysia Sarawak'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.10.0425', 'pdf_url': 'http://journal.ump.edu.my/ijame/article/download/75/59', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764691580', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering', 'issn_l': '2180-1606', 'issn': ['2180-1606', '2229-8649'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321442', 'host_organization_name': 'Universiti Malaysia Pahang', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321442'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Universiti Malaysia Pahang'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Responsible consumption and production', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12', 'score': 0.45}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 29, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1977423968', 'https://openalex.org/W1980120482', 'https://openalex.org/W1980921196', 'https://openalex.org/W1983047195', 'https://openalex.org/W1990814667', 'https://openalex.org/W2051113504', 'https://openalex.org/W2058096583', 'https://openalex.org/W2063748095', 'https://openalex.org/W2076228258', 'https://openalex.org/W2121319025', 'https://openalex.org/W2159553182', 'https://openalex.org/W2174812649', 'https://openalex.org/W2209060571', 'https://openalex.org/W2403765377', 'https://openalex.org/W2467681746', 'https://openalex.org/W2560453207', 'https://openalex.org/W2568890277', 'https://openalex.org/W2578085614', 'https://openalex.org/W2596944890', 'https://openalex.org/W2597723869', 'https://openalex.org/W2605933085', 'https://openalex.org/W2739454237', 'https://openalex.org/W2769871493', 'https://openalex.org/W2770441361', 'https://openalex.org/W2772428347', 'https://openalex.org/W2782148261', 'https://openalex.org/W2790233580', 'https://openalex.org/W2883724480', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2973731214', 'https://openalex.org/W2901279921', 'https://openalex.org/W2588408471', 'https://openalex.org/W2532420608', 'https://openalex.org/W2359584740', 'https://openalex.org/W2277704155', 'https://openalex.org/W2066725018', 'https://openalex.org/W1973348111', 'https://openalex.org/W1586728438', 'https://openalex.org/W1492841307'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Biodiesel': [0], 'is': [1, 22, 36, 154], 'one': [2, 23], 'of': [3, 14, 24, 32, 75, 81, 91, 99, 117, 136, 165], 'the': [4, 10, 15, 25, 30, 89, 145, 158, 163, 169, 184], 'promising': [5], 'renewable': [6], 'sources': [7], 'to': [8, 28, 50, 131, 151, 175], 'fulfill': [9], 'future': [11], 'energy': [12], 'demand': [13], 'world.': [16], 'Sustainable': [17], 'feedstock': [18, 39], 'for': [19, 40], 'biodiesel': [20, 51, 73, 87, 100, 111, 120, 146, 166, 185], 'production': [21], 'major': [26], 'criteria': [27], 'ensure': [29], 'process': [31, 56], 'renewability.': [33], 'Chicken': [34], 'fat': [35, 47, 83, 86, 119], 'an': [37], 'encouraging': [38], 'biodiesel.': [41, 95], 'In': [42], 'this': [43], 'study,': [44], 'waste': [45], 'chicken': [46, 82, 85, 92, 118], 'was': [48, 149, 173], 'converted': [49], 'via': [52], 'catalysed': [53], 'transesterification.': [54], 'Optimised': [55], 'parameters': [57], 'were': [58, 101, 129], 'recorded': [59], 'at': [60], '1:4': [61], 'oil-to-methanol': [62], 'volume': [63], 'ratio': [64], 'and': [65, 84, 108, 126], '0.5': [66], 'wt%': [67], 'KOH': [68], 'catalyst': [69], 'concentration': [70], 'with': [71, 105, 162, 183], 'a': [72], 'yield': [74], '96%.': [76], 'The': [77, 96, 113, 138], 'FT-IR': [78], 'spectral': [79], 'analysis': [80], 'confirmed': [88, 143], 'conversion': [90], 'fats': [93], 'into': [94], 'physico-chemical': [97], 'properties': [98, 116], 'tested': [102], 'in': [103], 'accordance': [104], 'ASTM': [106], 'D6751': [107], 'EN': [109], '14214': [110], 'standards.': [112], 'specific': [114], 'fuel': [115, 178], 'that': [121, 135, 144, 156], 'include': [122], 'calorific': [123], 'value,': [124], 'viscosity': [125], 'acid': [127], 'value': [128], 'found': [130, 174], 'be': [132], 'lower': [133], 'than': [134], 'petrodiesel.': [137, 152], 'diesel': [139], 'engine': [140, 170], 'performance': [141, 148], 'tests': [142], 'blends': [147], 'similar': [150], 'It': [153], 'noted': [155], 'while': [157], 'brake': [159], 'horsepower': [160], 'increased': [161, 181], 'increase': [164], 'blending': [167, 186], 'percentage,': [168], 'power': [171], 'output': [172], 'decrease.': [176], 'Specific': [177], 'consumption': [179], 'also': [180], 'along': [182], 'percentage.': [187]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2894675732', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-09T17:20:32.135659', 'created_date': '2018-10-12'}