Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2891830541', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.008', 'title': 'Addiction and stress: An allostatic view', 'display_name': 'Addiction and stress: An allostatic view', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-09-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2891830541', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.008', 'mag': '2891830541', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30227143'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.008', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S170052170', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews', 'issn_l': '0149-7634', 'issn': ['0149-7634', '1873-7528'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075246876', 'display_name': 'George F. Koob', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9857-4493'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482', 'display_name': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00fq5cm18', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'George F. Koob', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['National Institute on Drug Abuse, United States'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'National Institute on Drug Abuse, United States', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046562421', 'display_name': 'Jay Schulkin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1546-505X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I184565670', 'display_name': 'Georgetown University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05vzafd60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I184565670']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jay Schulkin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, United States'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, United States', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I184565670']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5075246876'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1327069482'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4720, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4720, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.691, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 219, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99763, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '106', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '245', 'last_page': '262'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10056', 'display_name': 'Neurobiological Mechanisms of Drug Addiction and Depression', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10056', 'display_name': 'Neurobiological Mechanisms of Drug Addiction and Depression', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10529', 'display_name': 'Effects of Stress on Brain Function and Health', 'score': 0.9955, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2802', 'display_name': 'Behavioral Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11178', 'display_name': 'Structure and Function of G Protein-Coupled Receptors', 'score': 0.9955, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/allostasis', 'display_name': 'Allostasis', 'score': 0.9792914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/allostatic-load', 'display_name': 'Allostatic load', 'score': 0.9602576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/stressor', 'display_name': 'Stressor', 'score': 0.5898271}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/stress', 'display_name': 'Stress', 'score': 0.561155}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipation', 'display_name': 'Anticipation (artificial intelligence)', 'score': 0.46405354}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157541749', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3612637', 'display_name': 'Allostasis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9792914}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187150481', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4733156', 'display_name': 'Allostatic load', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9602576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C48856860', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029', 'display_name': 'Addiction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7104641}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6935804}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125370674', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480', 'display_name': 'Stressor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5898271}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89611455', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646', 'display_name': 'Mechanism (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5141409}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4708849}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C176777502', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774623', 'display_name': 'Anticipation (artificial intelligence)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46405354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138496976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002', 'display_name': 'Developmental psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37605035}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D052636', 'descriptor_name': 'Allostasis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013315', 'descriptor_name': 'Stress, Psychological', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013315', 'descriptor_name': 'Stress, Psychological', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D052636', 'descriptor_name': 'Allostasis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013315', 'descriptor_name': 'Stress, Psychological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.008', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S170052170', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews', 'issn_l': '0149-7634', 'issn': ['0149-7634', '1873-7528'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30227143', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.83, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 204, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W101835196', 'https://openalex.org/W111713383', 'https://openalex.org/W1518117902', 'https://openalex.org/W1558311959', 'https://openalex.org/W1588523405', 'https://openalex.org/W1594183867', 'https://openalex.org/W163885349', 'https://openalex.org/W1653173387', 'https://openalex.org/W1659240124', 'https://openalex.org/W1730875209', 'https://openalex.org/W1771301420', 'https://openalex.org/W1789705209', 'https://openalex.org/W1841579139', 'https://openalex.org/W1891678001', 'https://openalex.org/W1902016348', 'https://openalex.org/W1910403263', 'https://openalex.org/W1932633560', 'https://openalex.org/W1966014889', 'https://openalex.org/W1967265097', 'https://openalex.org/W1967595526', 'https://openalex.org/W1968346138', 'https://openalex.org/W1971014321', 'https://openalex.org/W1972408435', 'https://openalex.org/W1972762203', 'https://openalex.org/W1974167019', 'https://openalex.org/W1974467694', 'https://openalex.org/W1975999231', 'https://openalex.org/W1977102147', 'https://openalex.org/W1977137145', 'https://openalex.org/W1977216968', 'https://openalex.org/W1978762354', 'https://openalex.org/W1980637329', 'https://openalex.org/W1981727048', 'https://openalex.org/W1983708315', 'https://openalex.org/W1984109440', 'https://openalex.org/W1984631396', 'https://openalex.org/W1985427696', 'https://openalex.org/W1986079135', 'https://openalex.org/W1988182239', 'https://openalex.org/W1988650551', 'https://openalex.org/W1989416066', 'https://openalex.org/W1991055198', 'https://openalex.org/W1991105264', 'https://openalex.org/W1991666427', 'https://openalex.org/W1991882455', 'https://openalex.org/W1992221884', 'https://openalex.org/W1994725667', 'https://openalex.org/W1994867341', 'https://openalex.org/W1995972738', 'https://openalex.org/W1996108093', 'https://openalex.org/W1996880759', 'https://openalex.org/W2004987149', 'https://openalex.org/W2005214102', 'https://openalex.org/W2005774467', 'https://openalex.org/W2007376383', 'https://openalex.org/W2007791604', 'https://openalex.org/W2008263329', 'https://openalex.org/W2009073501', 'https://openalex.org/W2010158373', 'https://openalex.org/W2010455608', 'https://openalex.org/W2010555262', 'https://openalex.org/W2011682979', 'https://openalex.org/W2015559939', 'https://openalex.org/W2017889444', 'https://openalex.org/W2018119432', 'https://openalex.org/W2018514933', 'https://openalex.org/W2019930104', 'https://openalex.org/W2020065445', 'https://openalex.org/W2020327987', 'https://openalex.org/W2020969667', 'https://openalex.org/W2023703027', 'https://openalex.org/W2023872238', 'https://openalex.org/W2025192622', 'https://openalex.org/W2025483550', 'https://openalex.org/W2026803933', 'https://openalex.org/W2031322724', 'https://openalex.org/W2032643119', 'https://openalex.org/W2033824845', 'https://openalex.org/W2035768743', 'https://openalex.org/W2036970657', 'https://openalex.org/W2037249096', 'https://openalex.org/W2037417281', 'https://openalex.org/W2038120147', 'https://openalex.org/W2038250999', 'https://openalex.org/W2038357517', 'https://openalex.org/W2038874217', 'https://openalex.org/W2039389059', 'https://openalex.org/W2042817255', 'https://openalex.org/W2044676961', 'https://openalex.org/W2046132702', 'https://openalex.org/W2046986816', 'https://openalex.org/W2047349915', 'https://openalex.org/W2048199491', 'https://openalex.org/W2049087748', 'https://openalex.org/W2050301199', 'https://openalex.org/W2050538748', 'https://openalex.org/W2050642260', 'https://openalex.org/W2050750919', 'https://openalex.org/W2050857651', 'https://openalex.org/W2053152793', 'https://openalex.org/W2054684724', 'https://openalex.org/W2054749214', 'https://openalex.org/W2054879676', 'https://openalex.org/W2055035705', 'https://openalex.org/W2057035934', 'https://openalex.org/W2057596402', 'https://openalex.org/W2058074582', 'https://openalex.org/W2058147123', 'https://openalex.org/W2059078504', 'https://openalex.org/W2061161259', 'https://openalex.org/W2061344417', 'https://openalex.org/W2062106032', 'https://openalex.org/W2063918049', 'https://openalex.org/W2064082877', 'https://openalex.org/W2066128209', 'https://openalex.org/W2066848874', 'https://openalex.org/W2067762272', 'https://openalex.org/W2068213268', 'https://openalex.org/W2069472087', 'https://openalex.org/W2071271451', 'https://openalex.org/W2071489529', 'https://openalex.org/W2074010882', 'https://openalex.org/W2074442917', 'https://openalex.org/W2074615095', 'https://openalex.org/W2075038536', 'https://openalex.org/W2075990437', 'https://openalex.org/W2076200184', 'https://openalex.org/W2078530990', 'https://openalex.org/W2078816211', 'https://openalex.org/W2079086643', 'https://openalex.org/W2080242611', 'https://openalex.org/W2083464743', 'https://openalex.org/W2084787756', 'https://openalex.org/W2084967673', 'https://openalex.org/W2085180109', 'https://openalex.org/W2085860270', 'https://openalex.org/W2087186522', 'https://openalex.org/W2087341279', 'https://openalex.org/W2087389654', 'https://openalex.org/W2088644957', 'https://openalex.org/W2089274770', 'https://openalex.org/W2090482227', 'https://openalex.org/W2090560791', 'https://openalex.org/W2090931660', 'https://openalex.org/W2091789370', 'https://openalex.org/W2092929554', 'https://openalex.org/W2093026080', 'https://openalex.org/W2093639447', 'https://openalex.org/W2093733918', 'https://openalex.org/W2096688894', 'https://openalex.org/W2096891361', 'https://openalex.org/W2101448098', 'https://openalex.org/W2102316107', 'https://openalex.org/W2103249556', 'https://openalex.org/W2104645663', 'https://openalex.org/W2104925331', 'https://openalex.org/W2105109101', 'https://openalex.org/W2113030426', 'https://openalex.org/W2113393928', 'https://openalex.org/W2113659391', 'https://openalex.org/W2114207481', 'https://openalex.org/W2115234743', 'https://openalex.org/W2117141679', 'https://openalex.org/W2121478645', 'https://openalex.org/W2123881551', 'https://openalex.org/W2133193015', 'https://openalex.org/W2136709982', 'https://openalex.org/W2140399234', 'https://openalex.org/W2140951382', 'https://openalex.org/W2141416647', 'https://openalex.org/W2142607990', 'https://openalex.org/W2142819637', 'https://openalex.org/W2149885167', 'https://openalex.org/W2150413179', 'https://openalex.org/W2151785634', 'https://openalex.org/W2155128807', 'https://openalex.org/W2159011576', 'https://openalex.org/W2159407436', 'https://openalex.org/W2161039633', 'https://openalex.org/W2163582947', 'https://openalex.org/W2166133075', 'https://openalex.org/W2170190816', 'https://openalex.org/W2193936724', 'https://openalex.org/W2229642957', 'https://openalex.org/W2249529217', 'https://openalex.org/W2326187001', 'https://openalex.org/W2402009018', 'https://openalex.org/W2410983103', 'https://openalex.org/W2490536933', 'https://openalex.org/W2491859250', 'https://openalex.org/W2556371240', 'https://openalex.org/W2564524773', 'https://openalex.org/W2605516811', 'https://openalex.org/W2781292086', 'https://openalex.org/W31659055', 'https://openalex.org/W3213404975', 'https://openalex.org/W4241609236', 'https://openalex.org/W4245425254', 'https://openalex.org/W4247988796', 'https://openalex.org/W4248856529', 'https://openalex.org/W4322696862', 'https://openalex.org/W567109843', 'https://openalex.org/W782986239', 'https://openalex.org/W996287990'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4312556550', 'https://openalex.org/W4303627976', 'https://openalex.org/W4293680818', 'https://openalex.org/W4237547583', 'https://openalex.org/W4212973328', 'https://openalex.org/W3108062031', 'https://openalex.org/W2883987561', 'https://openalex.org/W2120814765', 'https://openalex.org/W2071271451', 'https://openalex.org/W112970541'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Allostasis,': [0], 'or': [1, 18], 'stability': [2], 'through': [3], 'change,': [4], 'has': [5], 'most': [6], 'often': [7], 'been': [8], 'linked': [9], 'with': [10, 50], 'challenges': [11, 17], 'to': [12, 24, 33, 58, 78, 93, 108, 149], 'homeostasis,': [13], 'in': [14, 80, 83, 136, 143], 'which': [15, 137], 'repeated': [16], 'stressors': [19], 'produce': [20], 'sufficient': [21], 'allostatic': [22, 27, 52, 111, 114, 128], 'load': [23, 112], 'generate': [25], 'an': [26, 51, 109, 127], 'state': [28, 67, 115], 'that': [29, 41, 63, 75, 86, 116, 140], 'can': [30, 147], 'ultimately': [31], 'lead': [32], 'a': [34, 56], 'disease': [35], 'state.': [36], 'The': [37, 71], 'present': [38], 'review': [39], 'argues': [40], 'the': [42, 65, 69, 84, 99, 106, 118, 134], 'impact': [43, 87, 94], 'of': [44, 68, 98, 122], 'stress': [45, 76], 'on': [46], 'drug': [47], 'addiction': [48, 100, 125], 'fits': [49], 'model': [53], 'and': [54, 104, 113], 'represents': [55], 'challenge': [57], 'brain': [59, 85], 'circuit': [60], 'regulatory': [61], 'mechanisms': [62], 'underlie': [64], 'emotional': [66, 110], 'animal.': [70], 'central': [72], 'thesis': [73], 'is': [74, 90, 141], 'leads': [77], 'changes': [79], 'corticotropin-releasing': [81], 'factor': [82], 'addiction.': [88, 123], 'Stress': [89], 'further': [91], 'argued': [92], 'all': [95], 'three': [96], 'stages': [97], 'cycle—binge/intoxication,': [101], 'withdrawal/negative': [102], 'affect,': [103], 'preoccupation/anticipation—exposing': [105], 'animal': [107], 'forms': [117], 'growing': [119], 'motivational': [120, 145], 'pathology': [121], 'Viewing': [124], 'as': [126], 'mechanism': [129], 'provides': [130], 'key': [131], 'insights': [132], 'into': [133], 'ways': [135], 'dysregulated': [138], 'neurocircuitry': [139], 'involved': [142], 'basic': [144], 'systems': [146], 'transition': [148], 'pathophysiology.': [150]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2891830541', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 55}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 36}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 22}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-17T20:03:18.476532', 'created_date': '2018-09-27'}