Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2887623364', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24890', 'title': 'Toughening of epoxy systems by brominated epoxy', 'display_name': 'Toughening of epoxy systems by brominated epoxy', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-08-09', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2887623364', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24890', 'mag': '2887623364'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24890', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.24890', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114499311', 'display_name': 'Polymer Engineering and Science', 'issn_l': '0032-3888', 'issn': ['0032-3888', '0096-8129', '1548-2634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.24890', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027869879', 'display_name': 'L. Sheinbaum', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4355-7119'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166937679', 'display_name': 'Shenkar College of Engineering and Design', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/003s3dn82', 'country_code': 'IL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lizzie Sheinbaum', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069538267', 'display_name': 'M. Sheinbaum', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9020-5373'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166937679', 'display_name': 'Shenkar College of Engineering and Design', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/003s3dn82', 'country_code': 'IL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Maria Sheinbaum', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053535190', 'display_name': 'Orli Weizman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-9506'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166937679', 'display_name': 'Shenkar College of Engineering and Design', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/003s3dn82', 'country_code': 'IL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Orli Weizman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011400765', 'display_name': 'H. Dodiuk', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-1145'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166937679', 'display_name': 'Shenkar College of Engineering and Design', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/003s3dn82', 'country_code': 'IL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hanna Dodiuk', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068477779', 'display_name': 'Shay Dichter', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Shay Dichter', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Plastic Application Lab, Bromine Compounds Ltd., Israel Chemicals Ltd, Beer Sheva, 84894 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Plastic Application Lab, Bromine Compounds Ltd., Israel Chemicals Ltd, Beer Sheva, 84894 Israel', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5035284765', 'display_name': 'S. Kenig', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-9125'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166937679', 'display_name': 'Shenkar College of Engineering and Design', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/003s3dn82', 'country_code': 'IL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}], 'countries': ['IL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Samuel Kenig', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Polymers & Plastics Engineering Shenkar College of engineering design and art Ramat‐Gan 52526 Israel', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5069538267'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166937679'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4070, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4070, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.15, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 16, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.858924, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '59', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '206', 'last_page': '215'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11145', 'display_name': 'Epoxy Resin Technology', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11145', 'display_name': 'Epoxy Resin Technology', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10389', 'display_name': 'Polymer Crystallization and Properties', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2507', 'display_name': 'Polymers and Plastics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10501', 'display_name': 'Polymer Nanocomposites: Preparation, Properties, and Applications', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2507', 'display_name': 'Polymers and Plastics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/triethylenetetramine', 'display_name': 'Triethylenetetramine', 'score': 0.78287566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/toughening-mechanisms', 'display_name': 'Toughening Mechanisms', 'score': 0.562958}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/toughening', 'display_name': 'Toughening', 'score': 0.5392668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/epoxy-resins', 'display_name': 'Epoxy Resins', 'score': 0.526054}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/thermosetting-resins', 'display_name': 'Thermosetting Resins', 'score': 0.50962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-blends', 'display_name': 'Polymer Blends', 'score': 0.50258}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/elongation', 'display_name': 'Elongation', 'score': 0.41142908}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166595027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143983', 'display_name': 'Epoxy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9335916}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.892887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780700233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418386', 'display_name': 'Triethylenetetramine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78287566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7708678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112950240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005', 'display_name': 'Ultimate tensile strength', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6668581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97549433', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911969', 'display_name': 'Fracture toughness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6056164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178405089', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201', 'display_name': 'Flexural strength', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58909345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777888453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30674616', 'display_name': 'Toughening', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5392668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99595764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486802', 'display_name': 'Toughness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5376092}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780871995', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2500485', 'display_name': 'Diamine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49476618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132976073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991861', 'display_name': 'Curing (chemistry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46516848}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C102267420', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120206', 'display_name': 'Izod impact strength test', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42109913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33947775', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271439', 'display_name': 'Elongation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41142908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188027245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446', 'display_name': 'Polymer chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.154686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24890', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.24890', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114499311', 'display_name': 'Polymer Engineering and Science', 'issn_l': '0032-3888', 'issn': ['0032-3888', '0096-8129', '1548-2634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24890', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.24890', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114499311', 'display_name': 'Polymer Engineering and Science', 'issn_l': '0032-3888', 'issn': ['0032-3888', '0096-8129', '1548-2634'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320320283', 'funder_display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'award_id': None}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1967894325', 'https://openalex.org/W1979906343', 'https://openalex.org/W1981356415', 'https://openalex.org/W1983869561', 'https://openalex.org/W2002773869', 'https://openalex.org/W2005792749', 'https://openalex.org/W2017550170', 'https://openalex.org/W2018090606', 'https://openalex.org/W2019434146', 'https://openalex.org/W2029126421', 'https://openalex.org/W2030625412', 'https://openalex.org/W2033122740', 'https://openalex.org/W2039567945', 'https://openalex.org/W2041540868', 'https://openalex.org/W2042914885', 'https://openalex.org/W2043316810', 'https://openalex.org/W2044908837', 'https://openalex.org/W2071050617', 'https://openalex.org/W2075805165', 'https://openalex.org/W2080313475', 'https://openalex.org/W2083757326', 'https://openalex.org/W2088490756', 'https://openalex.org/W2118163974', 'https://openalex.org/W2170428337', 'https://openalex.org/W2322948889', 'https://openalex.org/W2328107875', 'https://openalex.org/W234718311', 'https://openalex.org/W2476696416', 'https://openalex.org/W2514475775', 'https://openalex.org/W2595963967', 'https://openalex.org/W4236320530', 'https://openalex.org/W4298937171', 'https://openalex.org/W4362199171', 'https://openalex.org/W4388956053', 'https://openalex.org/W564327367', 'https://openalex.org/W594517357'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W832447154', 'https://openalex.org/W2391515459', 'https://openalex.org/W2390817604', 'https://openalex.org/W2378316844', 'https://openalex.org/W2375644267', 'https://openalex.org/W2375353504', 'https://openalex.org/W2365842854', 'https://openalex.org/W2361645731', 'https://openalex.org/W2359149614', 'https://openalex.org/W2076356063'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Blends': [0, 43, 64], 'of': [1, 30, 89, 98, 106, 116, 122, 148, 155, 185], 'brominated': [2], 'epoxy': [3, 7, 159], '(BE)': [4], 'and': [5, 21, 57, 72, 131, 157, 174], 'conventional': [6, 126, 158], 'resins': [8], 'were': [9], 'studied': [10], 'following': [11], 'curing': [12], 'with': [13, 44, 49, 65, 70, 77, 95], 'aliphatic': [14], 'triethylenetetramine': [15], '(TETA),': [16], 'etheric': [17], '(polyether': [18], 'diamine‐': [19], 'PEA4),': [20], 'aromatic': [22], '(3,3′‐diamino': [23], 'diphenyl': [24], 'sulfone': [25], '[DDS])': [26], 'hardeners.': [27], 'The': [28, 86], 'addition': [29, 97, 147], 'BE': [31, 47, 68, 75, 99, 124, 156], 'resulted': [32, 79], 'in': [33, 36, 39, 54, 80], 'an': [34, 52], 'increase': [35, 53, 115], 'T': [37, 168], 'g': [38, 169], 'all': [40, 90], 'tested': [41], 'blends.': [42], '50': [45, 73], 'wt%': [46, 67, 74], 'cured': [48, 69, 76, 91], 'TETA': [50], 'demonstrated': [51], 'flexural': [55, 58], 'modulus': [56], 'strength,': [59], 'while': [60], 'preserving': [61], 'the': [62, 96, 107, 114, 146], 'elongation.': [63, 85], '40': [66], 'PEA4': [71], 'DDS': [78], 'a': [81, 101, 120, 141], 'significant': [82], 'enhanced': [83, 171], 'tensile': [84], 'shear': [87], 'strength': [88], 'systems': [92], 'decreased': [93], 'moderately': [94], 'exhibiting': [100], 'mixed': [102], 'mode': [103], 'failure.': [104], 'Analysis': [105], 'fracture': [108, 133], 'morphology': [109, 134], 'using': [110], 'electron': [111], 'microscopy': [112], 'supported': [113], 'toughness': [117], 'levels': [118], 'as': [119, 163], 'result': [121], 'incorporating': [123], 'to': [125, 140], 'epoxy.': [127], 'A': [128], 'unique': [129], 'nodular': [130], 'rough': [132], 'was': [135, 151], 'obtained,': [136], 'which': [137], 'is': [138], 'related': [139], 'toughening': [142], 'mechanism': [143], 'caused': [144], 'by': [145], 'BE.': [149], 'It': [150], 'concluded': [152], 'that': [153], 'blends': [154], 'could': [160], 'be': [161], 'used': [162], 'structural': [164], 'adhesives': [165], 'having': [166], 'high': [167], ',': [170], 'mechanical': [172], 'properties': [173], 'increased': [175], 'toughness.': [176], 'POLYM.': [177], 'ENG.': [178], 'SCI.,': [179], '59:206–215,': [180], '2019.': [181], '©': [182], '2018': [183], 'Society': [184], 'Plastics': [186], 'Engineers': [187]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2887623364', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T15:31:54.060569', 'created_date': '2018-08-22'}