Title: mTORC1-Mediated Control of Protein Translation
Abstract: This chapter reviews both recent and well-established examples of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and regulation of protein synthesis. Eukaryotic cells expend vast amounts of resources during protein translation, and have therefore evolved mechanisms to police and regulate this process. At the center of this regulation lies the mTORC1 pathway. After sensing inputs from nutrients, growth factors, energy, and cellular stresses, mTORC1 and its downstream effectors control overall protein synthesis from the generation of ribosomes to the direct regulation of translation initiation and elongation factors. Multiple independent mechanisms downstream of mTORC1 signaling have evolved to regulate protein translation. Overall rates of cap-dependent translation are affected by mTORC1's phosphorylation of eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs). Through S6 kinase (S6K) phosphorylation and enhancement of RNA helicase activity, the translation efficiency of a subset of mRNAs with highly structured 5'-UTRs is increased. Ribosomal biogenesis is directly affected at multiple steps by mTORC1 signaling.
Publication Year: 2010
Publication Date: 2010-01-01
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 7
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