Title: Avian influenza overview February – May 2018
Abstract: EFSA JournalVolume 16, Issue 6 e05358 Scientific ReportOpen Access Avian influenza overview February – May 2018 European Food Safety Authority, European Food Safety AuthoritySearch for more papers by this authorEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, European Centre for Disease Prevention and ControlSearch for more papers by this authorEuropean Union Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, European Union Reference Laboratory for Avian InfluenzaSearch for more papers by this authorCornelia Adlhoch, Cornelia AdlhochSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Brouwer, Adam BrouwerSearch for more papers by this authorThijs Kuiken, Thijs KuikenSearch for more papers by this authorPaolo Mulatti, Paolo MulattiSearch for more papers by this authorKrzysztof Smietanka, Krzysztof SmietankaSearch for more papers by this authorChristoph Staubach, Christoph StaubachSearch for more papers by this authorIrene Muñoz Guajardo, Irene Muñoz GuajardoSearch for more papers by this authorFrank Verdonck, Frank VerdonckSearch for more papers by this authorLaura Amato, Laura AmatoSearch for more papers by this authorFrancesca Baldinelli, Francesca BaldinelliSearch for more papers by this author European Food Safety Authority, European Food Safety AuthoritySearch for more papers by this authorEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, European Centre for Disease Prevention and ControlSearch for more papers by this authorEuropean Union Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, European Union Reference Laboratory for Avian InfluenzaSearch for more papers by this authorCornelia Adlhoch, Cornelia AdlhochSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Brouwer, Adam BrouwerSearch for more papers by this authorThijs Kuiken, Thijs KuikenSearch for more papers by this authorPaolo Mulatti, Paolo MulattiSearch for more papers by this authorKrzysztof Smietanka, Krzysztof SmietankaSearch for more papers by this authorChristoph Staubach, Christoph StaubachSearch for more papers by this authorIrene Muñoz Guajardo, Irene Muñoz GuajardoSearch for more papers by this authorFrank Verdonck, Frank VerdonckSearch for more papers by this authorLaura Amato, Laura AmatoSearch for more papers by this authorFrancesca Baldinelli, Francesca BaldinelliSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5358Citations: 9 Correspondence: [email protected] Requestor: European Commission Question number: EFSA-Q-2018-00269 Acknowledgements: in addition to the listed authors, EFSA, ECDC and the EURL wish to thank the following: Kaja Kaasik Aaslav, Epidemic Intelligence team at ECDC and Pasi Penttinen, Head of the Disease Programme Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses at ECDC for the support provided to this scientific output; Andrea Baù, Assessment and Methodological Support Unit at EFSA for the support provided to the literature review; Member State representatives that provided data on avian influenza outbreaks, animal populations or wrote case reports for this scientific output: Bulgaria (Aleksandra Miteva), Italy (Alessandra Azzolini, Lebana Bonfanti, Stefano Marangon, Paolo Mulatti), the Netherlands (Dennis Bol, Marcel Spierenburg), Germany (Franz Josef Conraths), Denmark (Torben Grubbe, Pernille Dahl Nielsen), Sweden (Annica Wallen Norell); Dominique Bicout, Jan Arend Stegeman and Preben Willeberg for reviewing the document. Approved: 26 June 2018 AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Between 16 February and 15 May 2018, three highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N6) and 11 HPAI A(H5N8) outbreaks in poultry holdings, one HPAI A(H5N6) and one HPAI A(H5N8) outbreak in captive birds, and 55 HPAI A(H5N6) wild bird events were reported in Europe. There is no evidence to date that HPAI A(H5N6) viruses circulating in Europe are associated with clades infecting humans. Fewer HPAI wild bird cases have been detected than during the same period of previous year. Most of mortality events among wild birds involved single birds and species listed in the revised list of target species for passive surveillance. Raptor species constitute 74% of the HPAI-infected wild birds found dead. Those raptor species probably became infected by hunting or scavenging HPAI virus-positive birds, and so raptor cases may predominate later in the course of an HPAI epidemic. Despite the important HPAI virus incursion via wild birds there have been few associated HPAI A(H5N6) outbreaks in poultry. Fifteen low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) outbreaks were reported in three Member States. The risk of zoonotic transmission to the general public in Europe is considered to be very low. The situation in Africa and the Middle East should be closely monitored with regards to HPAI A(H5N1) and A(H5N8). Uncontrolled spread of the virus and subsequent further genetic evolution in regions geographically connected to Europe may increase uncertainty and the risk for further dissemination of virus. Long-distance migrating wild birds from southern Africa, e.g. the common tern (Sterna hirundo), may be included in targeted active surveillance schemes at a few priority locations in Europe in order to detect HPAI A(H5)-infected migrating birds early. However, the risk of HPAI introduction from non-EU countries via migratory wild birds to Europe is still considered to be much lower for wild birds crossing the southern borders than for those crossing the north-eastern borders. References Anis A, AboElkhair M and Ibrahim M, 2018. Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Virus from Egyptian Domestic Waterfowl in 2017. Avian Pathol. doi:10.1080/03079457.2018.1470606 Avibirds, online. Sterna hirundo. 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