Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2807383083', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'title': 'Fruits and vegetables quality evaluation using computer vision: A review', 'display_name': 'Fruits and vegetables quality evaluation using computer vision: A review', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-06-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2807383083', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'mag': '2807383083'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764955546', 'display_name': 'Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences', 'issn_l': '1319-1578', 'issn': ['1319-1578', '2213-1248'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020689253', 'display_name': 'Anuja Bhargava', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-2552'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I82571370', 'display_name': 'GLA University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fnxgv12', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I82571370']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Anuja Bhargava', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Electronics and Communication, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Electronics and Communication, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I82571370']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001991879', 'display_name': 'Atul Bansal', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-0349'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I82571370', 'display_name': 'GLA University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fnxgv12', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I82571370']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Atul Bansal', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Electronics and Communication, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Electronics and Communication, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I82571370']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5020689253'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I82571370'], 'apc_list': {'value': 1350, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1350, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1350, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1350, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 4.532, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 461, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.998776, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '33', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '243', 'last_page': '257'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10616', 'display_name': 'Smart Agriculture and AI', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10616', 'display_name': 'Smart Agriculture and AI', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10640', 'display_name': 'Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses', 'score': 0.9959, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1602', 'display_name': 'Analytical Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14319', 'display_name': 'Currency Recognition and Detection', 'score': 0.9355, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/grading', 'display_name': 'Grading (engineering)', 'score': 0.7447388}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/market-segmentation', 'display_name': 'Market Segmentation', 'score': 0.52186954}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777286243', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926', 'display_name': 'Grading (engineering)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7447388}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125308379', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057', 'display_name': 'Market segmentation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52186954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49969006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111696304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697', 'display_name': 'Sorting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49904323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4728192}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89600930', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946', 'display_name': 'Segmentation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46637064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34736171', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333', 'display_name': 'Preprocessor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4374745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115901376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199', 'display_name': 'Automation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43062687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779530757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505', 'display_name': 'Quality (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4107826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C88463610', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118', 'display_name': 'Agricultural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40278205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31972630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240', 'display_name': 'Computer vision', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32719746}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17523792}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162853370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809', 'display_name': 'Marketing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17253467}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16596913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147176958', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590', 'display_name': 'Civil engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764955546', 'display_name': 'Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences', 'issn_l': '1319-1578', 'issn': ['1319-1578', '2213-1248'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/7a281eb06682406eb7e049a2ac632a29', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.06.002', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764955546', 'display_name': 'Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences', 'issn_l': '1319-1578', 'issn': ['1319-1578', '2213-1248'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.64, 'display_name': 'Zero hunger', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 158, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1144850636', 'https://openalex.org/W1502690506', 'https://openalex.org/W1570292122', 'https://openalex.org/W1845160027', 'https://openalex.org/W1949503316', 'https://openalex.org/W195782688', 'https://openalex.org/W1963603157', 'https://openalex.org/W1963939054', 'https://openalex.org/W1967901226', 'https://openalex.org/W1969939319', 'https://openalex.org/W1972568128', 'https://openalex.org/W1972596861', 'https://openalex.org/W1972703100', 'https://openalex.org/W1977363713', 'https://openalex.org/W1977435085', 'https://openalex.org/W1978473452', 'https://openalex.org/W1978804017', 'https://openalex.org/W1980180011', 'https://openalex.org/W1981565541', 'https://openalex.org/W1982564186', 'https://openalex.org/W1984511507', 'https://openalex.org/W1985473486', 'https://openalex.org/W1987455982', 'https://openalex.org/W1988740103', 'https://openalex.org/W1994957479', 'https://openalex.org/W1996880914', 'https://openalex.org/W1999238555', 'https://openalex.org/W2000723822', 'https://openalex.org/W2001227064', 'https://openalex.org/W2001736287', 'https://openalex.org/W2002226850', 'https://openalex.org/W2002863485', 'https://openalex.org/W2006422771', 'https://openalex.org/W2006946407', 'https://openalex.org/W2008461530', 'https://openalex.org/W2008838378', 'https://openalex.org/W2009529582', 'https://openalex.org/W2013901782', 'https://openalex.org/W2019115728', 'https://openalex.org/W2019978527', 'https://openalex.org/W2020225092', 'https://openalex.org/W2022509794', 'https://openalex.org/W2022956151', 'https://openalex.org/W2023073380', 'https://openalex.org/W2026622163', 'https://openalex.org/W2026978702', 'https://openalex.org/W2028685543', 'https://openalex.org/W2035137795', 'https://openalex.org/W2037410443', 'https://openalex.org/W2037815679', 'https://openalex.org/W2041330632', 'https://openalex.org/W2041752560', 'https://openalex.org/W2042795904', 'https://openalex.org/W2045283192', 'https://openalex.org/W2049954531', 'https://openalex.org/W2050797020', 'https://openalex.org/W2052748705', 'https://openalex.org/W2053053682', 'https://openalex.org/W2055266016', 'https://openalex.org/W2056792273', 'https://openalex.org/W2057175907', 'https://openalex.org/W2058525087', 'https://openalex.org/W2059357610', 'https://openalex.org/W2060117429', 'https://openalex.org/W2061680500', 'https://openalex.org/W2063079640', 'https://openalex.org/W2063505233', 'https://openalex.org/W2064808659', 'https://openalex.org/W2067924831', 'https://openalex.org/W2071548529', 'https://openalex.org/W2072233582', 'https://openalex.org/W2072955680', 'https://openalex.org/W2076592461', 'https://openalex.org/W2077903554', 'https://openalex.org/W2078351586', 'https://openalex.org/W2081418685', 'https://openalex.org/W2082088043', 'https://openalex.org/W2082552089', 'https://openalex.org/W2082790386', 'https://openalex.org/W2092030315', 'https://openalex.org/W2092901587', 'https://openalex.org/W2099167668', 'https://openalex.org/W2099963925', 'https://openalex.org/W2103581881', 'https://openalex.org/W2106896701', 'https://openalex.org/W2109026525', 'https://openalex.org/W2109028139', 'https://openalex.org/W2115334369', 'https://openalex.org/W2118346725', 'https://openalex.org/W2118520098', 'https://openalex.org/W2119112130', 'https://openalex.org/W2125338773', 'https://openalex.org/W2126225096', 'https://openalex.org/W2129152340', 'https://openalex.org/W2130333587', 'https://openalex.org/W2131375706', 'https://openalex.org/W2133059825', 'https://openalex.org/W2133676227', 'https://openalex.org/W2144778024', 'https://openalex.org/W2150708639', 'https://openalex.org/W2151045757', 'https://openalex.org/W2154408490', 'https://openalex.org/W2158883321', 'https://openalex.org/W2163605009', 'https://openalex.org/W2165495745', 'https://openalex.org/W2166828762', 'https://openalex.org/W2167638262', 'https://openalex.org/W2187427748', 'https://openalex.org/W2187609613', 'https://openalex.org/W2188700775', 'https://openalex.org/W2286295202', 'https://openalex.org/W2317806857', 'https://openalex.org/W2327435542', 'https://openalex.org/W2327503595', 'https://openalex.org/W2328092623', 'https://openalex.org/W2331084534', 'https://openalex.org/W2334236469', 'https://openalex.org/W2338282634', 'https://openalex.org/W2340323064', 'https://openalex.org/W2351159515', 'https://openalex.org/W2363911147', 'https://openalex.org/W2426670797', 'https://openalex.org/W2473218629', 'https://openalex.org/W2501369945', 'https://openalex.org/W2511687178', 'https://openalex.org/W2537675307', 'https://openalex.org/W2541071479', 'https://openalex.org/W2541216820', 'https://openalex.org/W2544249204', 'https://openalex.org/W2546416832', 'https://openalex.org/W2546512698', 'https://openalex.org/W2548438410', 'https://openalex.org/W2551427790', 'https://openalex.org/W2587124229', 'https://openalex.org/W2587331008', 'https://openalex.org/W2591828796', 'https://openalex.org/W2606843485', 'https://openalex.org/W2609151886', 'https://openalex.org/W2610077466', 'https://openalex.org/W2613549517', 'https://openalex.org/W2625680238', 'https://openalex.org/W2735276291', 'https://openalex.org/W2735768511', 'https://openalex.org/W2736143527', 'https://openalex.org/W2743466873', 'https://openalex.org/W2750864870', 'https://openalex.org/W2760058753', 'https://openalex.org/W2766066477', 'https://openalex.org/W2766950897', 'https://openalex.org/W2775047687', 'https://openalex.org/W2778955803', 'https://openalex.org/W2781900944', 'https://openalex.org/W2787514557', 'https://openalex.org/W2790119659', 'https://openalex.org/W3114193069', 'https://openalex.org/W4211263593', 'https://openalex.org/W4243749534', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3208525924', 'https://openalex.org/W3009904625', 'https://openalex.org/W2885058781', 'https://openalex.org/W2739612537', 'https://openalex.org/W2591833644', 'https://openalex.org/W2349174696', 'https://openalex.org/W2189583758', 'https://openalex.org/W2064165679', 'https://openalex.org/W1588461101', 'https://openalex.org/W1552490082'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 81, 127], 'agriculture': [1], 'science,': [2], 'automation': [3], 'increases': [4], 'the': [5, 12, 43, 49], 'quality,': [6], 'economic': [7], 'growth': [8], 'and': [9, 17, 26, 34, 46, 51, 68, 88, 116, 125, 144], 'productivity': [10], 'of': [11, 24, 32, 104, 133, 142], 'country.': [13], 'The': [14, 28], 'export': [15], 'market': [16, 41], 'quality': [18, 118, 140], 'evaluation': [19], 'are': [20, 90], 'affected': [21], 'by': [22, 56, 71, 92, 137], 'assorting': [23], 'fruits': [25, 33, 115, 143], 'vegetables.': [27], 'crucial': [29], 'sensory': [30], 'characteristic': [31], 'vegetables': [35, 117, 145], 'is': [36, 60, 79], 'appearance': [37], 'that': [38], 'impacts': [39], 'their': [40], 'value,': [42], 'consumer’s': [44], 'preference': [45], 'choice.': [47], 'Although,': [48], 'sorting': [50, 87], 'grading': [52, 77, 89], 'can': [53], 'be': [54], 'done': [55, 91], 'human': [57], 'but': [58], 'it': [59], 'inconsistent,': [61], 'time': [62], 'consuming,': [63], 'variable,': [64], 'subjective,': [65], 'onerous,': [66], 'expensive': [67], 'easily': [69], 'influenced': [70], 'surrounding.': [72], 'Hence,': [73], 'an': [74], 'astute': [75], 'fruit': [76], 'system': [78], 'needed.': [80], 'recent': [82], 'years,': [83], 'various': [84, 93, 105], 'algorithms': [85], 'for': [86, 139], 'researchers': [94, 138], 'using': [95], 'computer': [96], 'vision.': [97], 'This': [98], 'paper': [99], 'presents': [100], 'a': [101, 130], 'detailed': [102], 'overview': [103], 'methods': [106], 'i.e.': [107], 'preprocessing,': [108], 'segmentation,': [109], 'feature': [110], 'extraction,': [111], 'classification': [112], 'which': [113], 'addressed': [114], 'based': [119], 'on': [120], 'color,': [121], 'texture,': [122], 'size,': [123], 'shape': [124], 'defects.': [126], 'this': [128], 'paper,': [129], 'critical': [131], 'comparison': [132], 'different': [134], 'algorithm': [135], 'proposed': [136], 'inspection': [141], 'has': [146], 'been': [147], 'carried': [148], 'out.': [149]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2807383083', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 115}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 122}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 79}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 31}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-29T23:43:09.212826', 'created_date': '2018-06-13'}