Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2804434098', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90800-7_3', 'title': 'Foundations of Tree- and Graph-Based Abstract Syntax', 'display_name': 'Foundations of Tree- and Graph-Based Abstract Syntax', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2804434098', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90800-7_3', 'mag': '2804434098'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90800-7_3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055987140', 'display_name': 'Ralf Lämmel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-4363'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802076133', 'display_name': 'University of Koblenz and Landau', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01j9f6752', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802076133']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ralf Lämmel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Computer Science Department, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Computer Science Department, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802076133']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5055987140'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802076133'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.266, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.444007, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 62, 'max': 70}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '87', 'last_page': '108'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Statistical Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Statistical Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10028', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing', 'score': 0.9342, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10215', 'display_name': 'Semantic Web and Ontology Development', 'score': 0.9315, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax-based-translation-models', 'display_name': 'Syntax-based Translation Models', 'score': 0.534344}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax-error', 'display_name': 'Syntax error', 'score': 0.52127075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/word-representation', 'display_name': 'Word Representation', 'score': 0.517348}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7980342}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114408938', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333373', 'display_name': 'Abstract syntax', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.78298867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58646249', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127380', 'display_name': 'Abstract syntax tree', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.73229915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60048249', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437', 'display_name': 'Syntax', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72788835}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6745709}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C186644900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152', 'display_name': 'Parsing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65849316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132525143', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488', 'display_name': 'Graph', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52626073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11742125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195374', 'display_name': 'Syntax error', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.52127075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45357846', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982', 'display_name': 'Notation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45496425}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204321447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642', 'display_name': 'Natural language processing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4430017}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38979715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35730076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80444323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974', 'display_name': 'Theoretical computer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21538669}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90800-7_3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3021262160', 'https://openalex.org/W2613250302', 'https://openalex.org/W2536864162', 'https://openalex.org/W2483803551', 'https://openalex.org/W2393678839', 'https://openalex.org/W2077104824', 'https://openalex.org/W2005927140', 'https://openalex.org/W1988370859', 'https://openalex.org/W1972256049', 'https://openalex.org/W1625533892'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2804434098', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T16:11:08.849652', 'created_date': '2018-06-01'}