Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W280121275', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_10', 'title': 'Vitamin D Metabolism', 'display_name': 'Vitamin D Metabolism', 'publication_year': 1993, 'publication_date': '1993-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W280121275', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_10', 'mag': '280121275'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_10', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2754143784', 'display_name': 'Handbook of experimental pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0171-2004', 'issn': ['0171-2004', '1865-0325'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'book series'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080737658', 'display_name': 'John A. Eisman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-7471'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'J. A. Eisman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5080737658'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.796657, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 65}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '333', 'last_page': '375'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10277', 'display_name': 'Vitamin D and Health Outcomes', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2734', 'display_name': 'Pathology and Forensic Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10277', 'display_name': 'Vitamin D and Health Outcomes', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2734', 'display_name': 'Pathology and Forensic Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10748', 'display_name': 'Insulin-like Growth Factors in Health and Disease', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12421', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Adrenal Insufficiency', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ergocalciferol', 'display_name': 'Ergocalciferol', 'score': 0.81856227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-d', 'display_name': 'Vitamin D', 'score': 0.609164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolism', 'display_name': 'Metabolism', 'score': 0.507245}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxylation', 'display_name': 'Hydroxylation', 'score': 0.4996593}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777621572', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139200', 'display_name': 'Ergocalciferol', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.81856227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124490489', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936963', 'display_name': 'Vitamin D and neurology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7608652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780106736', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139347', 'display_name': 'Cholecalciferol', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7542838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6934839}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.67103004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776940978', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956', 'display_name': 'Vitamin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6420492}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776079296', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139195', 'display_name': 'Calcitriol', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.63937724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71315377', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364', 'display_name': 'Hormone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5307669}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.505527}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781109383', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898497', 'display_name': 'Hydroxylation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4996593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780091579', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377', 'display_name': 'Kidney', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4545204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179639408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417057', 'display_name': 'Calcitriol receptor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4462237}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777477808', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595', 'display_name': 'Metabolite', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42095104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35880798}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22429696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14995608}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.10370737}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_10', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2754143784', 'display_name': 'Handbook of experimental pharmacology', 'issn_l': '0171-2004', 'issn': ['0171-2004', '1865-0325'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'book series'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.44, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2', 'display_name': 'Zero hunger'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 266, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W106660297', 'https://openalex.org/W110138875', 'https://openalex.org/W134659346', 'https://openalex.org/W1484498866', 'https://openalex.org/W1486048263', 'https://openalex.org/W1490494056', 'https://openalex.org/W1490687264', 'https://openalex.org/W1490839832', 'https://openalex.org/W1500298901', 'https://openalex.org/W1502629343', 'https://openalex.org/W1503016727', 'https://openalex.org/W1512292724', 'https://openalex.org/W1516916006', 'https://openalex.org/W1519455435', 'https://openalex.org/W1520833254', 'https://openalex.org/W1523178289', 'https://openalex.org/W1528271923', 'https://openalex.org/W1529604947', 'https://openalex.org/W1535506524', 'https://openalex.org/W1539511666', 'https://openalex.org/W1541806149', 'https://openalex.org/W1542015203', 'https://openalex.org/W1543525745', 'https://openalex.org/W1548458712', 'https://openalex.org/W1556300555', 'https://openalex.org/W1581370988', 'https://openalex.org/W1582171705', 'https://openalex.org/W1583616681', 'https://openalex.org/W1586170588', 'https://openalex.org/W1594346891', 'https://openalex.org/W1595260818', 'https://openalex.org/W1602537057', 'https://openalex.org/W1604192511', 'https://openalex.org/W1605030605', 'https://openalex.org/W1634435028', 'https://openalex.org/W1643395297', 'https://openalex.org/W1748624304', 'https://openalex.org/W177365226', 'https://openalex.org/W1818956166', 'https://openalex.org/W1838703570', 'https://openalex.org/W1852179296', 'https://openalex.org/W186710576', 'https://openalex.org/W1870011663', 'https://openalex.org/W187260336', 'https://openalex.org/W1872728095', 'https://openalex.org/W1893408573', 'https://openalex.org/W1901272344', 'https://openalex.org/W1941660195', 'https://openalex.org/W1962269964', 'https://openalex.org/W1963726681', 'https://openalex.org/W1963896529', 'https://openalex.org/W1964214330', 'https://openalex.org/W1964890334', 'https://openalex.org/W1965227228', 'https://openalex.org/W1965551846', 'https://openalex.org/W1965937833', 'https://openalex.org/W1966237185', 'https://openalex.org/W1966321362', 'https://openalex.org/W1966350576', 'https://openalex.org/W1968200404', 'https://openalex.org/W1968660143', 'https://openalex.org/W1969429995', 'https://openalex.org/W1970302177', 'https://openalex.org/W1970380751', 'https://openalex.org/W1970998769', 'https://openalex.org/W1971440540', 'https://openalex.org/W1972095428', 'https://openalex.org/W1972829107', 'https://openalex.org/W1973334712', 'https://openalex.org/W1973412424', 'https://openalex.org/W1974823975', 'https://openalex.org/W1978228287', 'https://openalex.org/W1980656628', 'https://openalex.org/W1982762633', 'https://openalex.org/W1985480642', 'https://openalex.org/W1986772821', 'https://openalex.org/W1988341396', 'https://openalex.org/W1988479996', 'https://openalex.org/W1988978450', 'https://openalex.org/W1990227092', 'https://openalex.org/W1990750686', 'https://openalex.org/W1991963911', 'https://openalex.org/W1992010441', 'https://openalex.org/W1992673591', 'https://openalex.org/W1994446886', 'https://openalex.org/W1995331546', 'https://openalex.org/W1995946436', 'https://openalex.org/W1996017945', 'https://openalex.org/W1997355841', 'https://openalex.org/W1997429630', 'https://openalex.org/W1998446559', 'https://openalex.org/W1999237472', 'https://openalex.org/W1999601565', 'https://openalex.org/W2003065493', 'https://openalex.org/W2003076043', 'https://openalex.org/W2004033848', 'https://openalex.org/W2004035033', 'https://openalex.org/W2005709260', 'https://openalex.org/W2007738342', 'https://openalex.org/W2009753604', 'https://openalex.org/W2012543373', 'https://openalex.org/W2012571603', 'https://openalex.org/W2012740575', 'https://openalex.org/W2012883868', 'https://openalex.org/W2013398605', 'https://openalex.org/W2014591750', 'https://openalex.org/W2017231491', 'https://openalex.org/W2017758987', 'https://openalex.org/W2017787485', 'https://openalex.org/W2017907756', 'https://openalex.org/W2018006483', 'https://openalex.org/W2018108516', 'https://openalex.org/W2018201323', 'https://openalex.org/W2019551545', 'https://openalex.org/W2019792296', 'https://openalex.org/W2019853336', 'https://openalex.org/W2021175515', 'https://openalex.org/W2021323848', 'https://openalex.org/W2022909845', 'https://openalex.org/W2023325346', 'https://openalex.org/W2024357543', 'https://openalex.org/W2027189815', 'https://openalex.org/W2030133587', 'https://openalex.org/W2030627408', 'https://openalex.org/W2030712007', 'https://openalex.org/W2030990080', 'https://openalex.org/W2032848335', 'https://openalex.org/W2033633483', 'https://openalex.org/W2034197398', 'https://openalex.org/W2035521054', 'https://openalex.org/W2035644669', 'https://openalex.org/W2035869721', 'https://openalex.org/W2036088433', 'https://openalex.org/W2036740527', 'https://openalex.org/W2037379164', 'https://openalex.org/W2037422928', 'https://openalex.org/W2038116500', 'https://openalex.org/W2038615990', 'https://openalex.org/W2038986705', 'https://openalex.org/W2039706665', 'https://openalex.org/W2040693132', 'https://openalex.org/W2041809928', 'https://openalex.org/W2043422478', 'https://openalex.org/W2045229836', 'https://openalex.org/W2046132060', 'https://openalex.org/W2046433564', 'https://openalex.org/W2048018407', 'https://openalex.org/W2049388593', 'https://openalex.org/W2049796734', 'https://openalex.org/W2051396269', 'https://openalex.org/W2051763530', 'https://openalex.org/W2051941509', 'https://openalex.org/W2052702544', 'https://openalex.org/W2055388771', 'https://openalex.org/W2057184967', 'https://openalex.org/W2060371131', 'https://openalex.org/W2061166188', 'https://openalex.org/W2063014237', 'https://openalex.org/W2063707517', 'https://openalex.org/W2064592839', 'https://openalex.org/W2065624726', 'https://openalex.org/W2066638899', 'https://openalex.org/W2066735094', 'https://openalex.org/W2068650409', 'https://openalex.org/W2069726060', 'https://openalex.org/W2070899148', 'https://openalex.org/W2071819354', 'https://openalex.org/W2071921882', 'https://openalex.org/W2072108911', 'https://openalex.org/W2072321627', 'https://openalex.org/W2072799583', 'https://openalex.org/W2073414064', 'https://openalex.org/W2073420301', 'https://openalex.org/W2073838768', 'https://openalex.org/W2073969299', 'https://openalex.org/W2074743609', 'https://openalex.org/W2075100693', 'https://openalex.org/W2075945277', 'https://openalex.org/W2076418036', 'https://openalex.org/W2076717562', 'https://openalex.org/W2077411306', 'https://openalex.org/W2078212199', 'https://openalex.org/W2078589986', 'https://openalex.org/W2078801735', 'https://openalex.org/W2080120851', 'https://openalex.org/W2080844332', 'https://openalex.org/W2081849227', 'https://openalex.org/W2082565167', 'https://openalex.org/W2082703532', 'https://openalex.org/W2083894784', 'https://openalex.org/W2084105578', 'https://openalex.org/W2084282123', 'https://openalex.org/W2085092597', 'https://openalex.org/W2086271023', 'https://openalex.org/W2088099750', 'https://openalex.org/W2088198129', 'https://openalex.org/W2088920851', 'https://openalex.org/W2088929417', 'https://openalex.org/W2089294717', 'https://openalex.org/W2090811683', 'https://openalex.org/W2092137646', 'https://openalex.org/W2093539529', 'https://openalex.org/W2097976288', 'https://openalex.org/W2098820157', 'https://openalex.org/W2099914320', 'https://openalex.org/W2101302562', 'https://openalex.org/W2104687578', 'https://openalex.org/W2111550283', 'https://openalex.org/W2111740625', 'https://openalex.org/W2114739055', 'https://openalex.org/W2114841834', 'https://openalex.org/W2116493173', 'https://openalex.org/W2117263637', 'https://openalex.org/W2123241167', 'https://openalex.org/W2125239058', 'https://openalex.org/W2126384935', 'https://openalex.org/W2129269860', 'https://openalex.org/W2135116240', 'https://openalex.org/W2136729332', 'https://openalex.org/W2139794952', 'https://openalex.org/W2140314600', 'https://openalex.org/W2141639058', 'https://openalex.org/W2147574247', 'https://openalex.org/W2148854096', 'https://openalex.org/W2150386088', 'https://openalex.org/W2151879908', 'https://openalex.org/W2154723879', 'https://openalex.org/W2155510455', 'https://openalex.org/W2156230421', 'https://openalex.org/W2156887647', 'https://openalex.org/W2161210239', 'https://openalex.org/W2162946316', 'https://openalex.org/W2165707735', 'https://openalex.org/W2165912516', 'https://openalex.org/W2166659336', 'https://openalex.org/W2166745615', 'https://openalex.org/W2167132436', 'https://openalex.org/W2168415355', 'https://openalex.org/W2170429917', 'https://openalex.org/W2227814214', 'https://openalex.org/W2271008403', 'https://openalex.org/W2312143914', 'https://openalex.org/W2318511532', 'https://openalex.org/W2331466876', 'https://openalex.org/W2332207559', 'https://openalex.org/W2334609195', 'https://openalex.org/W2335931427', 'https://openalex.org/W2341151369', 'https://openalex.org/W2413755424', 'https://openalex.org/W2417110532', 'https://openalex.org/W2417381462', 'https://openalex.org/W2419040841', 'https://openalex.org/W2424946676', 'https://openalex.org/W2429223802', 'https://openalex.org/W2444686001', 'https://openalex.org/W2466826272', 'https://openalex.org/W2616314504', 'https://openalex.org/W2667442910', 'https://openalex.org/W2940837900', 'https://openalex.org/W3005576491', 'https://openalex.org/W4211097064', 'https://openalex.org/W4247448398', 'https://openalex.org/W4301961195', 'https://openalex.org/W49403671', 'https://openalex.org/W587748034', 'https://openalex.org/W71779833'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2181887882', 'https://openalex.org/W2154754144', 'https://openalex.org/W2147163914', 'https://openalex.org/W2109512925', 'https://openalex.org/W2108936819', 'https://openalex.org/W2085823730', 'https://openalex.org/W2074715016', 'https://openalex.org/W2015266088', 'https://openalex.org/W1998877716', 'https://openalex.org/W1928502521'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'OverviewA': [0], 'decade': [1], 'or': [2, 33], 'so': [3, 52], 'ago': [4], 'the': [5, 19, 25, 28, 53, 74, 77, 95, 102, 106, 115, 134, 161, 205, 209], 'concept': [6], 'of': [7, 27, 31, 109, 124, 137, 171], 'vitamin': [8, 15, 41, 55, 66, 85, 129, 210], 'D': [9, 46, 56, 67, 86, 211], 'metabolism': [10], 'was': [11, 16, 34, 57, 71, 81, 97, 105, 142, 163, 176, 196, 202], 'deceptively': [12], 'simple.': [13], 'The': [14, 122, 153, 174], 'produced': [17], 'in': [18, 50, 73, 99, 160, 208], 'skin': [20], '(vitamin': [21], 'D3,': [22], 'cholecalciferol)': [23], 'under': [24], 'influence': [26], 'ultraviolet': [29], 'component': [30], 'sunlight': [32], 'derived': [35, 127], 'from': [36, 128], 'some': [37], 'food': [38], 'sources': [39], '(largely': [40], 'D2,': [42], 'ergocalciferol).': [43], 'These': [44], 'vitamins': [45], 'were': [47], 'equally': [48], 'potent': [49], 'man': [51], 'term': [54], 'commonly': [58], 'used.': [59], 'This': [60, 90], 'vitamin,': [61], 'bound': [62, 93], 'to': [63, 76, 83, 94, 101, 113, 145, 168, 178], 'a': [64, 110, 185], 'serum': [65], 'binding': [68], 'protein': [69], '(DBP),': [70], 'transferred': [72], 'blood': [75, 100], 'liver,': [78], 'where': [79], 'it': [80, 188, 201], 'converted': [82], '25-hydroxy-': [84], '(see': [87], 'Fig.': [88], '1).': [89], 'metabolite': [91], 'also': [92, 158], 'DBP': [96], 'carried': [98], 'kidney,': [103, 162], 'which': [104, 157], 'sole': [107], 'site': [108], 'further': [111], '1a-hydroxylation': [112], 'produce': [114], 'active': [116], 'hormonal': [117], 'form,': [118], '1,': [119, 148, 151], '25-dihydroxyvitamin': [120], 'D.': [121], 'form': [123], 'this': [125, 141, 199], 'hormone': [126, 175], 'D3': [130], 'has': [131], 'been': [132, 191], 'given': [133], 'trivial': [135], 'name': [136], 'calcitriol.': [138], 'However,': [139], 'clinically': [140], 'sometimes': [143], 'used': [144], 'imply': [146], 'both': [147], '25-dihydroxycholecalciferol': [149], 'and': [150, 170, 193, 216, 218], '25-dihydroxyergocalciferol.': [152], '24-': [154], 'hydroxylation': [155], 'pathway,': [156], 'existed': [159, 207], 'seen': [164], 'as': [165], 'an': [166], 'alternate': [167], '1-hydroxylation': [169], 'uncertain': [172], 'significance.': [173], 'considered': [177], 'act': [179], 'like': [180], 'other': [181], 'steroidal': [182], 'hormones': [183], 'through': [184], 'receptor': [186, 206], 'but': [187], 'had': [189], 'not': [190, 220], 'cloned': [192], 'its': [194], 'structure': [195], 'unknown.': [197], 'Despite': [198], 'gap': [200], '“clear”': [203], 'that': [204], 'target': [212], 'organs,': [213], 'primarily': [214], 'bone': [215], 'gut,': [217], 'presumably': [219], 'elsewhere.': [221]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W280121275', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T17:45:38.285784', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}