Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2797994081', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-018-0044-y', 'title': 'Wnt signal activation induces midbrain specification through direct binding of the beta-catenin/TCF4 complex to the EN1 promoter in human pluripotent stem cells', 'display_name': 'Wnt signal activation induces midbrain specification through direct binding of the beta-catenin/TCF4 complex to the EN1 promoter in human pluripotent stem cells', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2797994081', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-018-0044-y', 'mag': '2797994081', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29650976', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5938028'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-018-0044-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-018-0044-y.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S57588113', 'display_name': 'Experimental & Molecular Medicine', 'issn_l': '1226-3613', 'issn': ['1226-3613', '2092-6413'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-018-0044-y.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100420159', 'display_name': 'Ji Young Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-0338'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ji Young Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006189471', 'display_name': 'Jae Souk Lee', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jae Souk Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038244506', 'display_name': 'Hyun Sub Hwang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-5510'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hyun Sub Hwang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069825169', 'display_name': 'Dongjin R. Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-5687'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dongjin R. Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043670454', 'display_name': 'Chul‐Yong Park', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-9268'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chul-Yong Park', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5041517590', 'display_name': 'Sung Jun Jung', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-6495'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I93906172', 'display_name': 'Anyang University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/018pdh902', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I93906172']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4575257', 'display_name': 'Hanyang University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046865y68', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4575257']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sung Jun Jung', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I93906172', 'https://openalex.org/I4575257']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039929298', 'display_name': 'Young Rang You', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I197347611', 'display_name': 'Korea University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047dqcg40', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I197347611']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Young Rang You', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS program for Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS program for Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I197347611']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030716422', 'display_name': 'Dae Sung Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-2094'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I197347611', 'display_name': 'Korea University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047dqcg40', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I197347611']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dae-Sung Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS program for Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS program for Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I197347611']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100359360', 'display_name': 'Dong‐Wook Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-1532'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dong-Wook Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Brain Korea 21 PLUS Program for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Brain Korea 21 PLUS Program for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2690, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 3299, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2690, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 3299, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.732, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 15, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.671968, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '50', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '13'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10505', 'display_name': 'Induction and Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10505', 'display_name': 'Induction and Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10929', 'display_name': 'Wnt Signaling in Development and Disease', 'score': 0.9977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10268', 'display_name': 'Notch Signaling Pathway in Development and Disease', 'score': 0.9951, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wnt-signaling', 'display_name': 'Wnt Signaling', 'score': 0.636159}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ganglionic-eminence', 'display_name': 'Ganglionic eminence', 'score': 0.5063251}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C137620995', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155769', 'display_name': 'Wnt signaling pathway', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8534784}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552161191', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185080', 'display_name': 'Midbrain', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.70466965}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107459253', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674925', 'display_name': 'Induced pluripotent stem cell', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.66845936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136834591', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2944097', 'display_name': 'Neural stem cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.63295996}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.62856704}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4746552', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456827', 'display_name': 'Neurogenesis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5415684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52470005}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780597806', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4133185', 'display_name': 'Ganglionic eminence', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5063251}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44185928}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776637008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14860072', 'display_name': 'Sonic hedgehog', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41943452}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28328180', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196', 'display_name': 'Stem cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.34003347}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62478195', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130', 'display_name': 'Signal transduction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31520158}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145103041', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519', 'display_name': 'Embryonic stem cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.28066394}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201750760', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1896218', 'display_name': 'Progenitor cell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16407782}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C529278444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273', 'display_name': 'Central nervous system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1187402}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10052118}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.055955887}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D018398', 'descriptor_name': 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008636', 'descriptor_name': 'Mesencephalon', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D039904', 'descriptor_name': 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011401', 'descriptor_name': 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000073940', 'descriptor_name': 'Transcription Factor 4', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060449', 'descriptor_name': 'Wnt Signaling Pathway', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051176', 'descriptor_name': 'beta Catenin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002454', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Differentiation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002454', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Differentiation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002460', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Line', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005346', 'descriptor_name': 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005346', 'descriptor_name': 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005786', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018398', 'descriptor_name': 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008636', 'descriptor_name': 'Mesencephalon', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008636', 'descriptor_name': 'Mesencephalon', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D039904', 'descriptor_name': 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D039904', 'descriptor_name': 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011485', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Binding', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034741', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034741', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000073940', 'descriptor_name': 'Transcription Factor 4', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051176', 'descriptor_name': 'beta Catenin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-018-0044-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-018-0044-y.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S57588113', 'display_name': 'Experimental & Molecular Medicine', 'issn_l': '1226-3613', 'issn': ['1226-3613', '2092-6413'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/bb9f5946c38b4a3bb3c6bff53994d25c', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5938028', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5938028?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5938028', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29650976', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-018-0044-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-018-0044-y.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S57588113', 'display_name': 'Experimental & Molecular Medicine', 'issn_l': '1226-3613', 'issn': ['1226-3613', '2092-6413'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-sa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 60, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1564357553', 'https://openalex.org/W1833815327', 'https://openalex.org/W1920903668', 'https://openalex.org/W1959340887', 'https://openalex.org/W1964378600', 'https://openalex.org/W1971305213', 'https://openalex.org/W1972727772', 'https://openalex.org/W1978809889', 'https://openalex.org/W1981437331', 'https://openalex.org/W1989194294', 'https://openalex.org/W1993341289', 'https://openalex.org/W1997187913', 'https://openalex.org/W1998106871', 'https://openalex.org/W2000255763', 'https://openalex.org/W2011083612', 'https://openalex.org/W2016871070', 'https://openalex.org/W2018509153', 'https://openalex.org/W2020903392', 'https://openalex.org/W2029115771', 'https://openalex.org/W2033291406', 'https://openalex.org/W2038084705', 'https://openalex.org/W2040582698', 'https://openalex.org/W2051387206', 'https://openalex.org/W2055248690', 'https://openalex.org/W2062186304', 'https://openalex.org/W2065858825', 'https://openalex.org/W2074229391', 'https://openalex.org/W2082875209', 'https://openalex.org/W2083939751', 'https://openalex.org/W2086809468', 'https://openalex.org/W2087028472', 'https://openalex.org/W2089028610', 'https://openalex.org/W2089426706', 'https://openalex.org/W2091134679', 'https://openalex.org/W2099270682', 'https://openalex.org/W2099778693', 'https://openalex.org/W2102678193', 'https://openalex.org/W2102735467', 'https://openalex.org/W2109101169', 'https://openalex.org/W2111525324', 'https://openalex.org/W2124916682', 'https://openalex.org/W2127508962', 'https://openalex.org/W2130128490', 'https://openalex.org/W2132442335', 'https://openalex.org/W2132584224', 'https://openalex.org/W2135159454', 'https://openalex.org/W2140628389', 'https://openalex.org/W2142940829', 'https://openalex.org/W2144216324', 'https://openalex.org/W2146111983', 'https://openalex.org/W2148633182', 'https://openalex.org/W2152069828', 'https://openalex.org/W2156464135', 'https://openalex.org/W2158021558', 'https://openalex.org/W2162360910', 'https://openalex.org/W2164356078', 'https://openalex.org/W2176431914', 'https://openalex.org/W2178382797', 'https://openalex.org/W2183334517', 'https://openalex.org/W2403316467'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3130449298', 'https://openalex.org/W2619900882', 'https://openalex.org/W2587044335', 'https://openalex.org/W2409842303', 'https://openalex.org/W2186677746', 'https://openalex.org/W2098946583', 'https://openalex.org/W2062408475', 'https://openalex.org/W2045039713', 'https://openalex.org/W2027177102', 'https://openalex.org/W2022432765'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 86], 'canonical': [1, 60], 'Wnt': [2, 19, 45, 61, 103, 112, 143, 210, 220, 252], 'signal': [3, 20, 46, 62, 104, 113, 211], 'pathway': [4, 181, 254], 'plays': [5], 'a': [6, 23, 69, 73, 91, 111, 130, 148, 160, 234, 238, 260], 'pivotal': [7], 'role': [8], 'in': [9, 72, 79, 237], 'anteroposterior': [10], 'patterning': [11], 'and': [12, 124, 170, 202, 221, 303], 'midbrain': [13, 33, 119, 136, 154, 168, 193], 'specification': [14, 137], 'during': [15], 'early': [16], 'neurogenesis.': [17], 'Activating': [18], 'has': [21], 'been': [22], 'strategy': [24], 'for': [25, 151, 163], 'differentiating': [26], 'human': [27, 80, 139, 153, 186], 'pluripotent': [28, 187], 'stem': [29, 188, 281], 'cells': [30, 84, 189, 282], '(PSCs)': [31], 'into': [32, 191, 279, 284], 'dopaminergic': [34], '(DA)': [35], 'neurons;': [36], 'however,': [37], 'the': [38, 44, 59, 65, 99, 165, 175, 183, 205, 209, 230, 251, 257, 269], 'underlying': [39], 'molecular': [40, 132], 'mechanism(s)': [41], 'of': [42, 67, 138, 167, 185, 232, 250, 259, 272, 292, 308], 'how': [43, 280], 'drives': [47], 'posterior': [48], 'fate': [49], 'remained': [50], 'unclear.': [51], 'In': [52], 'this': [53, 273, 296], 'study,': [54], 'we': [55], 'found': [56, 217], 'that': [57, 95, 134, 156, 218, 248, 265], 'activating': [58], 'significantly': [63], 'upregulated': [64], 'expression': [66, 231], 'EN1,': [68, 233], 'midbrain-specific': [70, 235, 285], 'marker,': [71], 'fibroblast': [74, 222], 'growth': [75, 223], 'factor': [76, 224], 'signal-dependent': [77], 'manner': [78], 'PSC-derived': [81, 140], 'neural': [82, 239], 'precursor': [83, 240], '(NPCs).': [85], 'EN1': [87], 'promoter': [88, 270], 'region': [89, 271], 'contains': [90], 'putative': [92], 'TCF4-binding': [93], 'site': [94], 'directly': [96, 266], 'interacts': [97, 267], 'with': [98, 110, 268], 'β-catenin/TCF': [100], 'complex': [101, 262], 'upon': [102], 'activation.': [105], 'Once': [106], 'differentiated,': [107], 'NPCs': [108, 141], 'treated': [109], 'agonist': [114], 'gave': [115], 'rise': [116], 'to': [117, 174, 228, 256, 275, 306], 'functional': [118, 192], 'neurons': [120, 155, 169], 'including': [121], 'glutamatergic,': [122], 'GABAergic,': [123], 'DA': [125], 'neurons.': [126, 194], 'Our': [127], 'results': [128], 'provide': [129], 'potential': [131], 'mechanism': [133], 'underlies': [135], 'by': [142], 'activation,': [144], 'as': [145, 147, 159, 300], 'well': [146], 'differentiation': [149, 184], 'paradigm': [150], 'generating': [152], 'may': [157, 304], 'serve': [158], 'cellular': [161], 'platform': [162], 'studying': [164], 'ontogenesis': [166], 'neurological': [171, 293], 'diseases': [172], 'relevant': [173], 'midbrain.': [176], 'An': [177], 'evolutionarily': [178], 'conserved': [179], 'signaling': [180, 225, 253], 'triggers': [182], '(hPSCs)': [190], 'Dong-Wook': [195], 'Kim': [196], 'at': [197], 'Yonsei': [198], 'University,': [199], 'South': [200], 'Korea,': [201], 'colleagues': [203], 'explored': [204], 'mechanisms': [206], 'through': [207], 'which': [208], 'regulates': [212], 'neuronal': [213], 'cell': [214, 241, 286], 'fate.': [215], 'They': [216, 246], 'both': [219], 'are': [226], 'required': [227], 'increase': [229], 'gene,': [236], 'population': [242], 'derived': [243], 'from': [244], 'hPSCs.': [245], 'showed': [247], 'activation': [249], 'leads': [255], 'formation': [258], 'protein': [261], 'containing': [263], 'beta-catenin': [264], 'gene': [274], 'initiate': [276], 'transcription.': [277], 'Insights': [278], 'differentiate': [283], 'types': [287], 'will': [288], 'aid': [289], 'our': [290], 'understanding': [291], 'disorders': [294], 'affecting': [295], 'brain': [297], 'region,': [298], 'such': [299], "Parkinson's": [301], 'disease,': [302], 'lead': [305], 'identification': [307], 'novel': [309], 'therapeutic': [310], 'targets.': [311]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2797994081', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T23:45:38.271877', 'created_date': '2018-04-24'}