Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2795732967', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041078', 'title': 'Multi-GNSS PPP-RTK: From Large- to Small-Scale Networks', 'display_name': 'Multi-GNSS PPP-RTK: From Large- to Small-Scale Networks', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-04-03', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2795732967', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041078', 'mag': '2795732967', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29614040', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5948929'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041078', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1078/pdf?version=1525346923', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S101949793', 'display_name': 'Sensors', 'issn_l': '1424-8220', 'issn': ['1424-8220'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1078/pdf?version=1525346923', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004592099', 'display_name': 'Nandakumaran Nadarajah', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'display_name': 'CRC for Spatial information', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022482e21', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'display_name': 'Curtin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n415q13', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205640436']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nandakumaran Nadarajah', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055754150', 'display_name': 'Amir Khodabandeh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-8233'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'display_name': 'CRC for Spatial information', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022482e21', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'display_name': 'Curtin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n415q13', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205640436']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Amir Khodabandeh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100403704', 'display_name': 'Kan Wang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-6937'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'display_name': 'CRC for Spatial information', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022482e21', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'display_name': 'Curtin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n415q13', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205640436']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kan Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050005493', 'display_name': 'Mazher Choudhury', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'display_name': 'CRC for Spatial information', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022482e21', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'display_name': 'Curtin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n415q13', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205640436']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mazher Choudhury', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059663096', 'display_name': 'P. J. G. Teunissen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-6006'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'display_name': 'CRC for Spatial information', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022482e21', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'display_name': 'Curtin University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n415q13', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205640436']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98358874', 'display_name': 'Delft University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2c7k09', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}], 'countries': ['AU', 'NL'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Teunissen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands', 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'GNSS Research Centre, Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5059663096'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800497579', 'https://openalex.org/I205640436', 'https://openalex.org/I98358874'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2400, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2598, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2400, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2598, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 9.357, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 76, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999952, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '18', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '1078', 'last_page': '1078'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10655', 'display_name': 'Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2202', 'display_name': 'Aerospace Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10655', 'display_name': 'Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2202', 'display_name': 'Aerospace Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11405', 'display_name': 'Global Sea Level Variability and Change', 'score': 0.9965, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1910', 'display_name': 'Oceanography'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12004', 'display_name': 'Optical Atomic Clock Technology', 'score': 0.9932, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution', 'display_name': 'Ambiguity resolution', 'score': 0.77998453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-kinematic', 'display_name': 'Real Time Kinematic', 'score': 0.62726873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning', 'display_name': 'Precise Point Positioning', 'score': 0.579252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss', 'display_name': 'GNSS', 'score': 0.567365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-gnss-experiment', 'display_name': 'Multi-GNSS Experiment', 'score': 0.567178}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/global-navigation-satellite-systems', 'display_name': 'Global Navigation Satellite Systems', 'score': 0.54574}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-measurements', 'display_name': 'satellite measurements', 'score': 0.506212}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/galileo', 'display_name': 'Galileo (satellite navigation)', 'score': 0.46383676}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C14279187', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012', 'display_name': 'GNSS applications', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.89348906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202511199', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503', 'display_name': 'Precise Point Positioning', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8056011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777559092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741445', 'display_name': 'Ambiguity resolution', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.77998453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60229501', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822', 'display_name': 'Global Positioning System', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6862875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.64363426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C93103318', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980965', 'display_name': 'Real Time Kinematic', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.62726873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79403827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988', 'display_name': 'Real-time computing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5557606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778027091', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003', 'display_name': 'Satellite system', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5167879}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13280743', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089', 'display_name': 'Geodesy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5145287}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39920418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476', 'display_name': 'Kinematics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.501055}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58754882', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502887', 'display_name': 'Geodetic datum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48300946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177219330', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193902', 'display_name': 'Galileo (satellite navigation)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46383676}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778755073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537', 'display_name': 'Scale (ratio)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42014137}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19269812', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540', 'display_name': 'Satellite', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41899452}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62649853', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687', 'display_name': 'Remote sensing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41285864}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.29242086}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.28521544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13041458}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146978453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668', 'display_name': 'Aerospace engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07279387}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58640448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515', 'display_name': 'Cartography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 7, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041078', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1078/pdf?version=1525346923', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S101949793', 'display_name': 'Sensors', 'issn_l': '1424-8220', 'issn': ['1424-8220'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/3d96817e89724c75a50fdac0cd798607', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5948929', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5948929?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bae1df-939e-4b7c-ad6f-310977978baf', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A91bae1df-939e-4b7c-ad6f-310977978baf/datastream/OBJ/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5948929', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/11343/216670', 'pdf_url': 'http://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstreams/c2ec9f74-b4b8-5ec0-a554-66293aa755f5/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196259', 'display_name': 'Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I165779595', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Melbourne', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165779595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Melbourne'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29614040', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041078', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1078/pdf?version=1525346923', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S101949793', 'display_name': 'Sensors', 'issn_l': '1424-8220', 'issn': ['1424-8220'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 23, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1530637140', 'https://openalex.org/W1543240282', 'https://openalex.org/W1583099722', 'https://openalex.org/W1648518006', 'https://openalex.org/W1765174835', 'https://openalex.org/W1922136352', 'https://openalex.org/W1995684967', 'https://openalex.org/W2030492481', 'https://openalex.org/W2060209312', 'https://openalex.org/W2079935542', 'https://openalex.org/W2106487116', 'https://openalex.org/W2137396739', 'https://openalex.org/W2204453145', 'https://openalex.org/W2299708168', 'https://openalex.org/W2560099721', 'https://openalex.org/W2569589390', 'https://openalex.org/W2573739355', 'https://openalex.org/W2599643696', 'https://openalex.org/W2625043143', 'https://openalex.org/W2726323637', 'https://openalex.org/W4240109574', 'https://openalex.org/W4312762161', 'https://openalex.org/W973792660'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W831686562', 'https://openalex.org/W4375815606', 'https://openalex.org/W4229451083', 'https://openalex.org/W4220815317', 'https://openalex.org/W3160673456', 'https://openalex.org/W3110733200', 'https://openalex.org/W3036334520', 'https://openalex.org/W2216248235', 'https://openalex.org/W2186627438', 'https://openalex.org/W2056959155'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Precise': [0], 'point': [1], 'positioning': [2, 32, 77, 163, 215], '(PPP)': [3], 'and': [4, 75, 80, 94, 104, 108], 'its': [5], 'integer': [6], 'ambiguity': [7, 207], 'resolution-enabled': [8], 'variant,': [9], 'PPP-RTK': [10, 92], '(real-time': [11], 'kinematic),': [12], 'can': [13], 'benefit': [14], 'enormously': [15], 'from': [16, 120], 'the': [17, 31, 44, 54, 57, 65, 69, 90, 154, 161, 188, 214, 218], 'integration': [18, 71], 'of': [19, 56, 97, 153, 160, 217], 'multiple': [20], 'global': [21], 'navigation': [22], 'satellite': [23], 'systems': [24], '(GNSS).': [25], 'In': [26, 151], 'such': [27], 'a': [28, 48, 134, 141], 'multi-GNSS': [29, 70], 'landscape,': [30], 'convergence': [33], 'time': [34, 181, 197], 'is': [35, 52, 182, 198], 'expected': [36], 'to': [37, 43, 60, 125, 169, 184, 201], 'be': [38], 'reduced': [39, 183, 200], 'considerably': [40], 'as': [41, 138, 140], 'compared': [42], 'one': [45], 'obtained': [46], 'by': [47, 68, 115, 204, 213], 'single-GNSS': [49], 'setup.': [50, 195], 'It': [51], 'therefore': [53], 'goal': [55], 'present': [58], 'contribution': [59], 'provide': [61], 'numerical': [62], 'insights': [63], 'into': [64], 'role': [66], 'taken': [67], 'in': [72, 106], 'delivering': [73], 'fast': [74], 'high-precision': [76], 'solutions': [78], '(sub-decimeter': [79], 'centimeter': [81], 'levels)': [82], 'using': [83], 'PPP-RTK.': [84], 'To': [85], 'that': [86], 'end,': [87], 'we': [88], 'employ': [89], 'Curtin': [91], 'platform': [93], 'process': [95], 'data-sets': [96, 112], 'GPS,': [98], 'BeiDou': [99], 'Navigation': [100], 'Satellite': [101], 'System': [102], '(BDS)': [103], 'Galileo': [105], 'stand-alone': [107], 'combined': [109], 'forms.': [110], 'The': [111, 130, 178, 196, 209], 'are': [113, 167, 211], 'collected': [114], 'various': [116], 'receiver': [117], 'types,': [118], 'ranging': [119], 'high-end': [121], 'multi-frequency': [122], 'geodetic': [123], 'receivers': [124], 'low-cost': [126], 'single-frequency': [127], 'mass-market': [128], 'receivers.': [129], 'corresponding': [131, 189], 'stations': [132], 'form': [133], 'large-scale': [135], '(Australia-wide)': [136], 'network': [137, 143], 'well': [139], 'small-scale': [142, 219], 'with': [144], 'inter-station': [145], 'distances': [146], 'less': [147, 171], 'than': [148, 172], '30': [149], 'km.': [150], 'case': [152], 'Australia-wide': [155], 'GPS-only': [156], 'ambiguity-float': [157], 'setup,': [158], '90%': [159], 'horizontal': [162], 'errors': [164], '(kinematic': [165], 'mode)': [166], 'shown': [168], 'become': [170], 'five': [173], 'centimeters': [174], 'after': [175], '103': [176], 'min.': [177], 'stated': [179], 'required': [180], '66': [185], 'min': [186, 203], 'for': [187], 'GPS': [190], '+': [191, 193], 'BDS': [192], 'Galieo': [194], 'further': [199], '15': [202], 'applying': [205], 'single-receiver': [206], 'resolution.': [208], 'outcomes': [210], 'supported': [212], 'results': [216], 'network.': [220]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2795732967', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T00:32:42.394689', 'created_date': '2018-04-13'}