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'INSERM': [41, 65, 89, 472, 493, 507, 603, 787, 1286, 2167, 2187, 2196, 2250, 2303], 'UMR-S': [42, 66, 90], '970,': [43, 67, 91], 'Paris-Cardiovascular': [44, 68, 92, 567, 2278], 'Center': [46, 70, 94, 562], '(PARCC)': [47, 71, 95], 'Université': [49, 73, 97], 'Paris': [50, 53, 74, 77, 98, 101, 375], 'Descartes,': [51, 75, 99], 'Sorbonne': [52, 76, 100], 'Cité,': [54, 78, 102], '56': [55, 79, 103], 'rue': [56, 80, 104, 2306], 'Leblanc,': [57, 81, 105, 2307], 'France.': [58, 82, 106, 492, 2064, 2242, 2310], ',': [59], 'SilvestreJean-Sébastien': [61], 'TedguiAlain': [85], 'Originally': [107, 2726], 'published2': [108], 'Mar': [109], '2018https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310841Circulation': [110], 'Research.': [111], '2018;122:657–660France': [112], 'has': [113, 217, 508, 666, 685, 1102, 1331, 1529, 1778], 'a': [114, 257, 438, 485, 633, 880, 1158, 1196, 1306, 1348, 1356, 1680, 1702, 1819, 1841, 2193, 2254, 2487], 'long': [115, 1862], 'tradition': [116], 'of': [117, 132, 201, 245, 282, 288, 294, 303, 324, 331, 441, 457, 466, 583, 623, 659, 677, 706, 723, 738, 746, 769, 798, 814, 873, 876, 883, 903, 969, 988, 996, 999, 1019, 1021, 1077, 1161, 1169, 1199, 1206, 1216, 1245, 1247, 1254, 1266, 1320, 1362, 1425, 1430, 1470, 1572, 1580, 1585, 1593, 1596, 1640, 1662, 1686, 1708, 1740, 1822, 1872, 1890, 1988, 2001, 2041, 2048, 2058, 2104, 2195, 2248, 2256, 2261, 2276, 2290, 2294, 2336, 2343, 2377, 2428, 2537, 2576, 2602, 2612, 2670, 2690], 'excellence': [118], 'cardiovascular': [120, 215, 308, 313, 489, 529, 598, 621, 1032, 1073, 1110, 1175, 1219, 1226, 1339, 1368, 1405, 1485, 1564, 1600, 1723, 1795, 1823, 1835, 1974, 1989, 2014, 2049, 2114, 2134, 2164, 2531], 'medicine,': [121], 'starting': [122, 1308, 1495], 'with': [123, 574, 870, 923, 977, 1130, 1157, 1195, 1355, 1493, 1610, 1690, 1701, 1799, 1826, 1978, 2097], 'André': [124], 'Cournand,': [125], '1956': [126], 'Nobel': [127], 'Prize': [128, 166], 'for': [129, 167, 196, 380, 418, 431, 550, 656, 681, 709, 780, 837, 851, 918, 941, 1127, 1165, 1342, 1393, 1398, 1490, 1505, 1536, 1552, 1883, 1933, 1954, 1967, 1981, 2173, 2178, 2182, 2216, 2226, 2382, 2407, 2490], 'development': [131, 639], 'cardiac': [133, 1179, 2405, 2430], 'catheterization,': [134], 'followed': [135], 'by': [136, 143, 389, 546, 859, 1229, 1285, 1563, 1992, 2207, 2234, 2268, 2676], 'first': [138, 154, 178, 192, 2386, 2412], 'coronary': [139], 'stent': [140], 'man': [142], 'Jacques': [144], 'Puel': [145, 2314], '1986.1': [147], 'In': [148, 504, 652, 912, 1063, 1324, 2010], '2002,': [149], 'Cribier': [151, 2354], 'implanted': [152], 'human': [155, 202, 205, 2387, 2429, 2475], 'transcatheter': [156, 2375], 'aortic': [157, 172, 2379, 2384], 'valve': [158, 2380], 'implantation.2': [159], 'Carpentier': [161], 'received': [162], '2007': [164], 'Lasker': [165], 'developing': [168], 'prosthetic': [169], 'mitral': [170], 'valves': [173], 'also': [175, 218, 600, 1013, 1030, 1103, 1190, 1344, 1371, 1488, 1789, 1875], 'conceived': [176], 'fully': [179], 'implantable': [180], 'artificial': [181], 'heart': [182, 197, 2409], 'CARMAT': [183], '2008.': [185], 'More': [186], 'recently,': [187], 'Philippe': [188], 'Menasché': [189, 2393], 'initiated': [190], 'stem': [193, 207, 2403], 'cell–based': [194], 'approach': [195], 'failure': [198, 2410], 'using': [199, 1467, 1476, 1768], 'transplantation': [200], 'myoblast': [203], 'or': [204, 314, 356, 422, 502, 516, 788, 801, 833, 1095, 1540, 1756, 2060, 2155, 2293, 2721], 'embryonic': [206, 2402], 'cell.3': [208], 'Over': [209], 'past': [211, 536, 1326, 2246], '50': [212], 'years,': [213, 506, 1328, 1810], 'French': [214, 268, 595, 643, 731, 835, 990, 1028, 1109, 1120, 1573, 1630, 1641, 1722, 1794, 1834, 1952, 1993, 2228], 'research': [216, 249, 304, 316, 432, 474, 490, 514, 530, 587, 596, 637, 692, 727, 770, 800, 816, 973, 1000, 1023, 1033, 1137, 1227, 1264, 1388, 1796, 1828, 1975, 1994, 2015, 2050, 2079, 2188, 2532, 2553, 2598], 'developed': [219, 1345], 'around': [220], 'prominent': [221], 'scientists,': [222, 419], 'including': [223, 538, 620, 1218, 1432, 1733], 'Edouard': [224], 'Coraboeuf': [225, 2423], '(cardiac': [226, 230], 'electrophysiology),4': [227], 'Margareth': [228], 'Buckingham': [229, 2436], 'development),5': [231], 'Ketty': [232], 'Schwartz': [233, 2457], '(cardiogenetics),6': [234], 'Pierre': [235], 'Corvol': [236, 2470], 'Michel': [238, 242], 'Safar': [239, 2482], '(hypertension),7,8': [240], 'Haissaguerre': [243, 2500], '(rythmology).9Organization': [244], 'Cardiovascular': [246, 553, 558, 624, 781, 1387, 1525, 1891, 1968, 2552, 2597, 2613], 'ResearchThe': [247], 'complex': [248], 'organization': [250, 271, 305], 'is': [253, 371, 581, 648, 680, 733, 774, 949, 1082, 1408, 1699, 1759, 1970, 2053, 2082, 2192, 2205, 2223, 2245, 2266, 2274, 2666, 2682, 2711, 2716], 'often': [254, 496], 'described': [255], 'as': [256, 425, 427, 752, 786, 828, 1568, 1903, 1915, 2074, 2486], 'millefeuille,': [258], 'referring': [259], 'many-layered': [262], 'pastry': [263], 'one': [264, 322, 459, 580, 955, 1205, 1321, 1335, 1899], 'can': [265], 'admire': [266], 'bakeries.': [269], 'This': [270, 865, 1011, 1141, 2681], 'results': [272], 'from': [273, 405, 823, 1375, 1628, 1633, 1736, 2163, 2236], 'political': [274], 'decisions,': [275], 'which': [276, 447, 607, 678, 763, 809, 891, 1054, 1081, 2697], 'have': [277, 444, 893, 1270, 1370, 1728, 1928, 2089], 'led': [278, 878], 'successive': [280], 'addition': [281, 1314, 2025], 'structural': [283], 'administrative': [284, 423, 453, 526], 'layers': [285], 'without': [286], 'removal': [287], 'redundant': [289], 'ones.': [290], 'For': [291, 1922, 2136], 'sake': [293], 'clarity,': [295], 'this': [296, 724, 1329, 1559, 1731, 1777, 1923, 2011, 2122, 2284], 'article': [297, 2285, 2686], 'will': [298, 1797, 1845, 1866], 'summarize': [299], 'major': [301, 486, 1027, 1214, 1629], 'traits': [302], 'field.Around': [309], '70': [310], 'laboratories': [311, 359, 494, 1001, 1111, 1642, 2016], 'had': [312], 'hematology': [315], 'activities': [317, 433, 1265, 2604], '2016,': [319, 913, 1064, 1655], 'corresponding': [320, 954], 'fifth': [323, 765], 'those': [325, 2289], 'physiology': [327], 'pathology.': [329], 'Most': [330], 'them': [332, 1207], 'are': [333, 360, 378, 448, 495, 571, 629, 1172, 1234, 1487, 1717, 2186, 2286, 2723], 'either': [334, 513], 'affiliated': [335], 'Institut': [338], 'National': [339, 838, 1394, 1936, 1965, 2179, 2217, 2229], 'de': [340, 344, 351, 395, 399, 1040, 2241, 2640, 2643], 'la': [341, 345, 352, 396, 1045, 1068, 2210], 'Santé': [342], 'et': [343, 398, 2399], 'Recherche': [346, 353, 397, 1046, 1069, 2211], 'Médicale': [347, 1047, 1070, 2212], '(INSERM),': [348], 'CentreNational': [350], 'Scientifique': [354], '(CNRS),': [355], 'Universities.': [357], 'These': [358, 1302, 1715], 'spread': [361], 'throughout': [362], 'national': [364, 930, 942, 1022, 1230, 1635, 1816, 2105], 'territory,': [365], 'unsurprisingly,': [367], 'highest': [369], 'concentration': [370], 'found': [372], 'area.': [376], 'They': [377], 'up': [379], 'competitive': [381, 824, 1052, 1489, 1815], 'renewal': [382], 'every': [383], '5': [384, 584, 1327, 1506, 2657], 'years': [385, 673, 1693], 'after': [386, 1459, 1743], 'independent': [387], 'evaluation': [388, 2168], 'Haut': [391], 'Conseil': [392], 'à': [393], "l'Evaluation": [394], "l'Enseignement": [400], 'Supérieur.': [401], 'Laboratory': [402], 'size': [403], 'varies': [404], '10': [406, 1166, 1278], '≤50': [408], 'staff': [409, 442, 593, 802], 'members.': [410, 594], 'Universities,': [411, 577], 'INSERM,': [412], 'CNRS': [414, 789], 'provide': [415, 793, 1048], 'permanent': [416, 799], 'positions': [417], 'professors,': [420], 'technical': [421, 523], 'staff,': [424], 'well': [426], 'yearly': [428, 1197], 'financial': [429, 986, 1159, 1982], 'support': [430, 795, 917, 1031, 1071, 1106, 1160, 1198, 1262, 2094], 'laboratory': [435, 817, 974, 1311], 'housing.': [436], 'However,': [437, 1669, 1776, 2065], 'large': [439, 518, 2018], 'part': [440], 'members': [443], 'short-term': [445], 'contracts,': [446], 'renewable': [449], 'only': [450, 657, 1868], 'under': [451, 2687], 'strict': [452], 'rules.': [454], 'On': [455], 'top': [456, 1587, 2565], 'that,': [458], 'should': [460], 'mention': [461], 'worldwide': [463, 766], 'unchallenged': [464], 'limitation': [465], 'postdoctoral': [467, 1322], 'fellowships': [468], '3': [470, 1213, 1439], 'years.Because': [471], 'supports': [473], 'health': [476, 1296, 1403], 'sciences': [477, 599, 1074, 1297, 1486], 'medical': [481, 500], 'field,': [482, 1340, 2115], 'it': [483, 654, 1569], 'represents': [484, 810, 1055, 1570], 'actor': [487], 'located': [497], 'next': [498, 671], 'schools': [501], 'hospitals.': [503], 'recent': [505, 1812, 2087], 'regrouped': [509], 'its': [510, 691, 700, 715, 1008, 1078, 1804], 'teams': [511, 588, 1995], 'units': [515], 'centers': [519, 531, 2021], 'optimize': [521], 'resources,': [522], 'platforms,': [524], 'support.': [527, 1983], 'Several': [528, 1725], 'were': [532, 1518, 2107], 'created': [533, 1143], 'decade,': [537, 2610], 'Thorax': [540], 'Institute': [541, 549, 1966, 2172], 'Nantes': [543], '(also': [544], 'supported': [545, 2206, 2233, 2267], 'CNRS),': [547], 'Metabolic': [551], 'Diseases': [554, 1615, 1969], 'Toulouse,': [556], 'Nutrition': [560], 'Marseille,': [564], 'Center.': [569], 'All': [570], 'closely': [572], 'associated': [573, 869], 'nearby': [576], 'each': [579, 1036, 1164, 1202, 1246, 1290, 1333, 1499], 'composed': [582], '14': [586], '≈120': [590], '280': [592], 'include': [601], '36': [602], 'Clinical': [604], 'Investigation': [605], 'Centers,': [606], 'conduct': [608], 'clinical': [609, 1417, 1537, 1553, 1576, 2413, 2491], 'epidemiological': [611], 'studies,': [612], 'technological': [613, 627, 1748], 'innovation,': [614], 'biotherapies': [616], 'several': [618, 1258], 'domains,': [619, 2045], 'diseases.Funding': [622], 'ResearchAcademic': [625], 'FundingWhile': [626], 'revolutions': [628], 'constantly': [630], 'accelerating': [631], 'on': [632, 811, 1203, 1223, 1956, 2668], 'global': [634, 1079], 'scale,': [635], 'effort': [640, 693, 728, 771], 'economy': [644, 732], 'remains': [645], 'insufficient': [646, 976], 'not': [649, 686, 1235, 1240, 1713, 1719, 1867, 2287], 'progressing': [650], '(http://www.lecese.fr/travaux-publies/rapport-annuel-sur-letat-de-la-france-reconcilier-la-france).': [651], 'fact,': [653], 'accounted': [655], '≈2.2%': [658], 'GDP': [660, 707], 'early': [663], '1990s': [664], 'remained': [667], 'steady': [668, 1357], 'through': [669, 1112], '25': [672, 697], '(2.23%': [674], '2015,': [676], '0.78%': [679], 'academic': [682, 1858], 'research).Therefore,': [683], 'managed': [687], 'significantly': [689, 1083], 'increase': [690, 872, 1358, 1682, 1704, 2077], 'last': [696, 1277, 2609], 'years,10': [698], 'despite': [699, 1004, 1618, 1811], '2020': [701], 'objective': [702], 'reach': [704], '3%': [705], '(1%': [708], 'public': [711, 1852, 1925, 1986, 2008], 'effort)': [712], 'according': [713], 'European': [716, 830, 932, 1491, 1663, 1884, 1906], 'commitments': [717], '(Lisbon': [718], 'strategy,': [719], 'March': [720, 2652], '2000).': [721], 'Because': [722], 'delay,': [725], 'now': [734, 775], 'below': [735, 744], 'average': [737, 812, 966, 1546], 'OECD': [740], 'countries': [741, 750, 2076], '(2.38%)': [742], 'that': [745, 1319, 1621, 1691, 1761, 1782, 2057, 2086, 2446, 2707], 'main': [748], 'industrial': [749], 'such': [751, 785, 827, 1864], 'Germany': [753, 907], '(2,9%),': [754], 'Japan': [755], '(3.6%),': [756], 'United': [759], 'States': [760], '(2.7%).': [761], 'France,': [762, 1617, 1902, 2638], 'ranked': [764], 'terms': [768, 797, 2689], '1990,': [773], 'at': [776, 1658, 2144, 2332, 2573], 'eighth': [778], 'place.Funding': [779], 'ResearchNational': [782], 'Institutes': [784, 1171, 1231], 'local': [791], 'Universities': [792, 1233], 'basal': [794], 'positions,': [803], 'laboratories,': [804], '5-year': [806, 1307, 2099], 'recurrent': [807, 1025], 'funding,': [808, 868], '30%': [813, 900], 'total': [815, 849, 915], 'funding.': [818], 'The': [819, 1188, 1697, 2663], 'remaining': [820, 1657], '70%': [821], 'come': [822, 1840], 'grant': [825], 'applications': [826], 'community,': [831], 'Charities,': [832], 'Agency': [836, 1392, 1953, 2177, 2215, 2231], '(ANR).After': [840], 'an': [841, 871, 1779, 2378, 2683], 'initial': [842], 'growth': [843], 'between': [844, 861, 1652], '2006': [845], '2010,': [847, 1118], 'budget': [850, 940], 'ANR': [852, 916, 939, 991, 2271], 'Health': [854, 945], 'Sciences': [855, 946], 'Biology': [857, 948], 'dropped': [858], '33%': [860], '2010': [862, 957], '2013.': [864], 'decrease': [866, 882], 'number': [875, 998, 1361, 1429, 1685, 1707, 1898, 2103], 'submission,': [877], 'sharp': [881], 'success': [884], 'rate,': [885], 'down': [886], '11%': [888], '13%,': [890], 'we': [892, 1238, 2124], 'compare': [895], '20%': [898], 'acceptance': [901], 'rate': [902], 'DFG': [905], 'over': [908, 1558, 1807, 2607], 'same': [910, 1510], 'period.11': [911], 'physiopathology': [919, 2174], 'was': [920, 1465], '€16.2': [921], 'million,': [922, 961], '€13.5': [924], '€2.7': [926], 'million': [927, 1050, 1133, 1163, 1201, 1504], 'devoted': [928, 1351], '(ERANETs)': [933], 'calls,': [934], 'respectively.': [935], 'Overall,': [936], '2016': [938, 965], 'grants': [943, 1397, 1497, 2106, 2235], 'still': [950], 'lower': [951, 1084, 1820], 'than': [952, 1058, 1085, 2056], '(€131': [958], 'versus': [959], '€156': [960], 'respectively).': [962], 'Moreover,': [963], '3-year': [967], 'funding': [968, 1228, 1259, 1407, 1817, 1824, 1932, 2042], '€163': [970], '000': [971, 1132], 'per': [972], 'seems': [975, 992, 1650], 'respect': [978], 'challenges': [981], 'face.': [983], 'Clearly,': [984], 'capacity': [987], 'underpowered': [993], 'view': [995], 'support,': [1003], 'efforts': [1005], 'optimizing': [1007], 'running': [1009, 2034], 'costs.': [1010], 'must': [1012, 1976, 2125], 'be': [1014, 1785, 1846, 2142], 'seen': [1015], 'context': [1018], 'restriction': [1020], 'institutes–based': [1024], 'funding.Two': [1026], 'charities': [1029, 1252, 1631], 'France:': [1035, 2600], 'year,': [1037], 'Fondation': [1039, 1043, 1066, 1100, 2208, 2240, 2263], 'pour': [1044, 1067, 2209], '€4.8': [1049], 'grants,': [1053], '20-fold': [1056], 'less': [1057], 'British': [1060], 'Heart': [1061, 1441, 1676, 2297, 2416, 2673], 'Foundation.': [1062], 'amounted': [1075], '6.6%': [1076], 'budget,': [1080], 'amount': [1087], 'given': [1088, 1104], 'neurosciences': [1090, 2154], '(29%),': [1091], 'infectious': [1092, 1912, 1949], 'diseases': [1093, 1185, 1895, 1913, 1942, 1950, 2062], '(19%),': [1094], 'cancer': [1096, 1934, 2059], '(13%).': [1097], 'Since': [1098], '2004,': [1099], 'Leducq': [1101], 'substantial': [1105], '41': [1108], '57': [1114], 'transatlantic': [1115], 'networks': [1116, 2442], 'funded.In': [1117], 'government': [1121], 'introduced': [1122], 'new': [1124, 1751, 1876], 'program': [1125, 1142, 1189, 1282, 1330, 1350], '"Investing': [1126], 'Future"': [1129], '€22': [1131], 'dedicated': [1134, 1173], 'scientific': [1136, 1527, 1644, 1805, 1990, 2028, 2051, 2224, 2603], 'higher': [1139, 1603], 'education.': [1140], '6': [1144], 'Instituts': [1145], 'Hospitalo-Universitaires': [1146], 'foster': [1148], 'biomedical': [1149], 'innovation': [1150], 'improve': [1152], 'patient': [1153], 'care': [1154], 'treatment,': [1156], '≈€50': [1162], 'years.': [1167], 'Two': [1168], 'these': [1170, 1622, 1800], 'sciences,': [1176], 'particular': [1178], 'arrhythmias': [1180, 2511], '(Lyric,': [1181], 'Bordeaux)': [1182], 'cardiometabolic': [1184], '(ICAN,': [1186], 'Paris).': [1187], 'funded': [1191], '171': [1192], 'Laboratoires': [1193], "d'Excellence": [1194], '≈€1': [1200], 'average;': [1204], '(LERMIT,': [1208], 'Paris-Saclay)': [1209], 'aims': [1210], 'fight': [1212], 'classes': [1215], 'diseases,': [1217, 2157], 'pathologies.Unfortunately,': [1220], 'quantitative': [1221], 'data': [1222, 1712], 'overall': [1225], 'available,': [1236], 'could': [1239], 'estimate': [1241], 'respective': [1243, 2039], 'contribution': [1244, 1639], 'institutional': [1249], 'partners': [1250], 'involved.Funding': [1253], 'Young': [1255], 'InvestigatorsSince': [1256], '2008,': [1257], 'programs': [1260, 2150], 'specifically': [1261, 2093], 'young': [1267, 1293, 1303, 1353, 1399, 1482, 2095, 2110, 2130], 'investigators': [1268, 1294, 1304, 1483, 1565, 2096], 'who': [1269], 'obtained': [1271], 'their': [1272, 1316, 2078, 2117, 2183], 'PhD': [1273], 'degree': [1274], 'within': [1275], 'years.First,': [1279], 'Atip-Avenir': [1281], '(jointly': [1283], 'driven': [1284], 'CNRS)': [1288], 'awards': [1289], 'year': [1291, 1334, 1500], '≈20': [1292], 'biology': [1299], 'since': [1300, 1501, 1533, 1939, 1961], '2009.': [1301], 'receive': [1305, 1624], 'package': [1309], 'space,': [1312], 'salary': [1317], 'fellow.': [1323], 'selected': [1332], 'project': [1336], 'except': [1341], '2017.ANR': [1343], '2012': [1347], 'specific': [1349, 1720, 1931, 2044, 2138], 'investigators,': [1354], 'awarded': [1363, 1401, 1498, 2108], 'grants.': [1364, 2220, 2272], 'Applications': [1365], 'field': [1369, 1601], 'been': [1372, 1530, 2090], 'increasingly': [1373], 'successful': [1374], '6%': [1376], '2014': [1378, 1502], '10%': [1380], '2017': [1382], '(Figure': [1383, 1543, 1695], '[A]).Download': [1384], 'figureDownload': [1385], 'PowerPointFigure.': [1386], 'France.A,': [1390], 'Competitive': [1391], '(ANR)': [1396, 2181, 2219], 'scientists': [1400, 1836, 2111], 'science;': [1404], '(CV)': [1406], 'indicated': [1409], 'dark': [1411], 'gray.': [1412], 'B,': [1413, 2317, 2325, 2505], 'Scientific': [1414, 1561, 2197, 2201, 2251, 2258], 'production': [1415, 1528, 1562, 1806, 2031, 2052, 2606], '(dark)': [1418], 'basic': [1420, 1539, 1555, 2530], 'translational': [1421, 1541, 1556], 'studies': [1422, 1542, 1557], '(gray)': [1423], '(Web': [1424], 'science).': [1426], 'C,': [1427, 2363, 2588], 'Total': [1428], 'figures,': [1431], 'supplement,': [1433], "authors'": [1436, 1671], 'publications': [1437, 1574, 1673], 'American': [1440, 1675, 2296, 2672], 'Association': [1442], '(AHA)': [1443], 'journals': [1444], '(Circulation,': [1445], 'n=6;': [1446], 'Circulation': [1447, 1648, 2577, 2579], 'Research,': [1448, 2578, 2580], 'n=12;': [1449], 'Arteriosclerosis,': [1450], 'Thrombosis,': [1451], 'Vascular': [1453], 'Biology;': [1454], 'n=6).': [1455], 'Online': [1456, 2583, 2618, 2648], 'figures': [1457, 1687], 'appeared': [1458], '2000': [1460, 1653], '2001.': [1462], 'Statistical': [1463], 'analysis': [1464, 1469], 'performed': [1466], 'one-way': [1468], 'variance': [1471], '(ANOVA;': [1472], 'P<0.0001)': [1473], 'post-tests': [1475], 'unpaired': [1477], 't': [1478], 'tests': [1479], '(GraphPad': [1480], 'Prism).French': [1481], 'applications,': [1492], '2': [1494, 1515], 'ERC': [1496], '(€1.5': [1503], 'years).': [1507], 'During': [1508], 'period,': [1511], '1': [1512], 'advanced': [1513], 'consolidator': [1516], 'ERCs': [1517], 'granted': [1519], 'senior': [1521], 'investigators.Scientific': [1522], 'Production': [1523], 'SciencesCardiovascular': [1526], 'increasing': [1531, 1774, 1780, 2102], 'steadily': [1532], '2000,': [1534], 'both': [1535, 1627], '[B]).': [1544], 'Citations': [1545], '77': [1547], '774': [1548], '459': [1550], '936': [1551], 'period.': [1560], 'stands': [1566], 'out': [1567, 1579, 1592], '34%': [1571], 'medicine': [1577], '(7000': [1578], '20': [1581], '500)': [1582], '39%': [1584], '1%': [1588], '(230': [1591], '585;': [1594], 'Web': [1595], 'Science).': [1597], 'Therefore,': [1598], 'ranks': [1602], 'quantity': [1605], 'quality': [1607, 1871, 2047], 'when': [1608, 1688, 1843], 'compared': [1609, 1689, 1825], 'Neurosciences,': [1611], 'Cancer': [1612, 1937], 'Infectious': [1614], 'fact': [1620], 'fields': [1623], 'more': [1625, 1766, 1769], 'funds,': [1626], 'granting': [1636], 'agency': [1637], 'ANR.The': [1638], 'papers': [1645], 'published': [1646, 2667], 'stable': [1651], 'third': [1660], 'place': [1661], 'countries,': [1664, 1907], 'behind': [1665], 'England': [1666], 'Germany.10': [1668], 'own': [1672], 'Journals': [1677], 'require': [1678], 'today': [1679, 1763], '3-fold': [1681], '15': [1692], 'ago': [1694], '[C]).': [1696], 'trend': [1698], 'accompanied': [1700], '2-fold': [1703], 'coauthors': [1709], '(from': [1710], '≈7–15,': [1711], 'shown).': [1714], 'observations': [1716], 'likely': [1718], 'research.': [1724, 2135], 'causes': [1726], 'might': [1727, 2069], 'contributed': [1729], 'trend,': [1732], 'unrestricted': [1734], 'requests': [1735], 'reviewers,': [1737], 'possibility': [1739], 'online': [1741], 'supplements': [1742], '2001,': [1744], 'numerous': [1747], 'progress,': [1749], 'providing': [1750], 'equipment': [1752], 'biological': [1754], 'tools': [1755], 'kits.': [1757], 'It': [1758, 2081], 'obvious': [1760], 'publishing': [1762], 'requires': [1764], 'producing': [1765], 'data,': [1767], 'sophisticated': [1770], 'equipment,': [1771], 'tools,': [1772], 'expertise.': [1775], 'cost': [1781], 'needs': [1783], 'taken': [1786, 2091, 2143], 'into': [1787, 2036, 2133], 'account.It': [1788], 'raises': [1790], 'question': [1792], 'how': [1793, 1832], 'cope': [1798], 'changes': [1801], 'maintain': [1803], 'coming': [1809], 'reductions': [1813, 1865], 'level': [1821, 2040], 'other': [1827, 1905, 1979, 2075], 'fields.': [1829], 'No': [1830], 'matter': [1831], 'resourceful': [1833], 'are,': [1837], 'there': [1838], 'may': [1839, 1996], 'time': [1842], 'they': [1844], 'unable': [1847], 'keep': [1849, 2121], 'pace.': [1850], 'Unless': [1851], 'policies': [1853], 'change': [1854, 1998], 'regarding': [1855], 'investment': [1856], 'research,': [1859], 'term,': [1863], 'affect': [1869], 'publication,': [1873], 'but': [1874, 1908], 'patents': [1877], "France's": [1879], 'ability': [1880], 'compete': [1882, 1977], 'international': [1886, 2067], 'grants.Perspectives': [1887], 'Challenges': [1889], 'FranceCardiovascular': [1894], 'remain': [1896], 'killer': [1900], 'cancer,': [1909], 'neurodegenerative': [1910, 1941, 2061], 'seem': [1914], 'greater': [1916], 'threats': [1917], 'general': [1920, 2003], 'population.': [1921], 'reason,': [1924], 'policy': [1926], 'makers': [1927], 'set': [1929], 'aside': [1930], '(the': [1935, 1951], 'Institute,': [1938], '2004),': [1940], '(Plan': [1943], 'Alzheimer': [1944], '2008–2012': [1945], '2014–2019),': [1947], 'Aids': [1957], 'Viral': [1959], 'Hepatitis,': [1960], '1988).': [1962], 'A': [1963], 'similar': [1964], 'unfortunately': [1971], 'lacking,': [1972], 'domains': [1980], 'Increasing': [1984], 'awareness': [1987], 'advances': [1991], 'help': [1997], 'perception': [2000], 'population': [2004], 'and,': [2005], 'turn,': [2007], 'policies.': [2009], 'regard,': [2012], 'gathering': [2013], 'visible': [2020], 'certainly': [2022], 'helps,': [2023], 'improving': [2027], 'collaboration': [2029], 'decreasing': [2033], 'costs.Taking': [2035], 'account': [2037], 'far': [2054], 'better': [2055], 'our': [2066, 2127], 'competitiveness': [2068], 'decline': [2070], 'future,': [2073], 'investment.10,11': [2080], 'reassuring': [2083], 'see': [2085], 'measures': [2088], 'Atip/Avenir': [2098], 'programs,': [2100], 'attesting': [2116], 'growing': [2118], 'competitiveness.': [2119], 'To': [2120], 'momentum,': [2123], 'attract': [2126], 'most': [2128], 'talented': [2129], 'undergraduate': [2131, 2146], 'students': [2132, 2161], 'this,': [2137], 'actions': [2139], 'need': [2140], 'level,': [2147], 'where': [2148], 'teaching': [2149], 'give': [2151], 'priority': [2152], 'immunoinfectious': [2156], 'turn': [2159], 'dragging': [2160], 'away': [2162], 'science.AcknowledgmentsWe': [2165], 'thank': [2166], 'department,': [2169], 'thematic': [2171], '(ITMO-PMN),': [2175], 'help.DisclosuresThe': [2184], 'authors': [2185], 'directors.': [2189], 'C.M.': [2190], 'member': [2194, 2255], 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