Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2793050864', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'title': 'Resolution limits of quantum ghost imaging', 'display_name': 'Resolution limits of quantum ghost imaging', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-03-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2793050864', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'mag': '2793050864', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29609307'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045082714', 'display_name': 'Paul‐Antoine Moreau', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-5821'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paul-Antoine Moreau', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044063778', 'display_name': 'Ermes Toninelli', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ermes Toninelli', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054939381', 'display_name': 'Peter A. Morris', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter A. Morris', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031796630', 'display_name': 'Reuben S. Aspden', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Reuben S. Aspden', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078016338', 'display_name': 'Thomas Gregory', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9376-6790'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Thomas Gregory', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048027990', 'display_name': 'Gabriel C. Spalding', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1126-3968'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I184616310', 'display_name': 'Illinois Wesleyan University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021aqk126', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I184616310']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gabriel Spalding', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Illinois 61701, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Illinois 61701, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I184616310']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090620545', 'display_name': 'Robert W. Boyd', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-2265'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5388228', 'display_name': 'University of Rochester', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022kthw22', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I5388228']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I153718931', 'display_name': 'University of Ottawa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03c4mmv16', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I153718931']}], 'countries': ['CA', 'GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Robert W. Boyd', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada', 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'The Institute of Optics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Institute of Optics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5388228']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I153718931']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040143352', 'display_name': 'Miles J. Padgett', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6643-0618'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'display_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00vtgdb53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Miles J. Padgett', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5040143352'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2270, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2270, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2670, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2879, 'provenance': 'openapc'}, 'fwci': 3.494, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 62, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.996569, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '26', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '7528', 'last_page': '7528'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11996', 'display_name': 'Wave Control in Complex Media', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3102', 'display_name': 'Acoustics and Ultrasonics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11996', 'display_name': 'Wave Control in Complex Media', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3102', 'display_name': 'Acoustics and Ultrasonics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10490', 'display_name': 'Optical Manipulation and Angular Momentum', 'score': 0.9861, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11408', 'display_name': 'Three-Dimensional Display Technologies', 'score': 0.9848, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2214', 'display_name': 'Media Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/point-spread-function', 'display_name': 'Point spread function', 'score': 0.8470718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-imaging', 'display_name': 'Quantum imaging', 'score': 0.7106918}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ghost-imaging', 'display_name': 'Ghost Imaging', 'score': 0.626562}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/integral-imaging', 'display_name': 'Integral Imaging', 'score': 0.501786}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transfer-function', 'display_name': 'Optical transfer function', 'score': 0.49310705}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting', 'display_name': 'Photon counting', 'score': 0.41170925}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776646148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12367738', 'display_name': 'Ghost imaging', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.94485307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C69179731', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q510427', 'display_name': 'Point spread function', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8470718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7575904}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22984246', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269058', 'display_name': 'Quantum imaging', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.7106918}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6758908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205372480', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521', 'display_name': 'Image resolution', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6443674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138268822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925', 'display_name': 'Resolution (logic)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.60024923}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159317903', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198', 'display_name': 'Photon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5724845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94915269', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857', 'display_name': 'Detector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.524163}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175231954', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1942321', 'display_name': 'Optical transfer function', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49310705}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55020928', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865', 'display_name': 'Image quality', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45147222}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781402376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172', 'display_name': 'Photon counting', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41170925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84114770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344', 'display_name': 'Quantum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.35193682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.25698948}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115961682', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623', 'display_name': 'Image (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2434977}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169699857', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243', 'display_name': 'Quantum information', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.24250439}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31972630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240', 'display_name': 'Computer vision', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19333711}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16468406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C186468114', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478', 'display_name': 'Quantum network', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.09001285}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157824/1/157824.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157824/1/157824.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400411', 'display_name': 'Enlighten: Publications (The University of Glasgow)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I7882870', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Glasgow', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I7882870'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Glasgow'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29609307', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.007528', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.42, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334627', 'funder_display_name': 'Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council', 'award_id': 'EP/M01326X/1'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320338335', 'funder_display_name': 'H2020 European Research Council', 'award_id': '192382'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320338337', 'funder_display_name': 'H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions', 'award_id': '706410'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 22, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1979472147', 'https://openalex.org/W1985513406', 'https://openalex.org/W1990861558', 'https://openalex.org/W1992103331', 'https://openalex.org/W1993500982', 'https://openalex.org/W2000561335', 'https://openalex.org/W2024229497', 'https://openalex.org/W2032276377', 'https://openalex.org/W2044585362', 'https://openalex.org/W2060241763', 'https://openalex.org/W2082771203', 'https://openalex.org/W2090475034', 'https://openalex.org/W2109837777', 'https://openalex.org/W2162205887', 'https://openalex.org/W2221439599', 'https://openalex.org/W2277651850', 'https://openalex.org/W2951726993', 'https://openalex.org/W2963411291', 'https://openalex.org/W3101931191', 'https://openalex.org/W3102213525', 'https://openalex.org/W3106223963', 'https://openalex.org/W4232506669'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2810472406', 'https://openalex.org/W2793050864', 'https://openalex.org/W2541033646', 'https://openalex.org/W2540618710', 'https://openalex.org/W2538366530', 'https://openalex.org/W2521685458', 'https://openalex.org/W2011448867', 'https://openalex.org/W1998091235', 'https://openalex.org/W1987620368', 'https://openalex.org/W1983478051'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Quantum': [0], 'ghost': [1, 51, 59, 97], 'imaging': [2, 52, 56, 60, 84, 98], 'uses': [3], 'photon': [4], 'pairs': [5], 'produced': [6], 'from': [7, 18], 'parametric': [8], 'downconversion': [9, 119], 'to': [10], 'enable': [11], 'an': [12, 27, 30, 43], 'alternative': [13], 'method': [14], 'of': [15, 21, 45, 49, 63, 72, 112], 'image': [16, 31, 65], 'acquisition.Information': [17], 'either': [19], 'one': [20], 'the': [22, 37, 46, 61, 64, 69, 73, 77, 86, 102, 110, 113, 118], 'photons': [23], 'does': [24], 'not': [25], 'yield': [26], 'image,': [28], 'but': [29], 'can': [32, 104], 'be': [33, 105], 'obtained': [34], 'by': [35, 68, 91, 108], 'harnessing': [36], 'correlations': [38, 115], 'between': [39], 'them.Here': [40], 'we': [41, 99], 'present': [42], 'examination': [44], 'resolution': [47, 62, 87, 103], 'limits': [48], 'such': [50], 'systems.In': [53], 'both': [54], 'conventional': [55, 83], 'and': [57], 'quantum': [58], 'is': [66, 88], 'limited': [67, 89], 'point-spread': [70], 'function': [71], 'optics': [74], 'associated': [75], 'with': [76], 'spatially': [78], 'resolving': [79], 'detector.However,': [80], 'whereas': [81], 'in': [82, 96, 117], 'systems': [85], 'only': [90], 'this': [92], 'point': [93], 'spread': [94], 'function,': [95], 'show': [100], 'that': [101], 'further': [106], 'degraded': [107], 'reducing': [109], 'strength': [111], 'spatial': [114], 'inherent': [116], 'process.': [120]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2793050864', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-17T19:45:13.724944', 'created_date': '2018-03-29'}