Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2784313390', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2018.2794470', 'title': 'Semi-Supervised Discriminative Classification Robust to Sample-Outliers and Feature-Noises', 'display_name': 'Semi-Supervised Discriminative Classification Robust to Sample-Outliers and Feature-Noises', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-01-17', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2784313390', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2018.2794470', 'mag': '2784313390', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29994560', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6050136'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2018.2794470', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S199944782', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence', 'issn_l': '0162-8828', 'issn': ['0162-8828', '1939-3539', '2160-9292'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320439', 'host_organization_name': 'IEEE Computer Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320439', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['IEEE Computer Society', 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6050136?pdf=render', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015355317', 'display_name': 'Ehsan Adeli', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-7763'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ehsan Adeli', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075744244', 'display_name': 'Kim‐Han Thung', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-2185'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kim-Han Thung', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101435334', 'display_name': 'Le An', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-6006'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Le An', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021809690', 'display_name': 'Guorong Wu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0550-6145'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Guorong Wu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044868467', 'display_name': 'Feng Shi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-9943'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1282927834', 'display_name': 'Cedars-Sinai Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02pammg90', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1282927834']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Feng Shi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1282927834']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101403145', 'display_name': 'Dinggang Shen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5567-3339'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183067930', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Jiao Tong University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0220qvk04', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I183067930']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tao Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183067930']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101403145', 'display_name': 'Dinggang Shen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5567-3339'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dinggang Shen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.672, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 79, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999972, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '41', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '515', 'last_page': '522'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11512', 'display_name': 'Anomaly Detection in High-Dimensional Data', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11512', 'display_name': 'Anomaly Detection in High-Dimensional Data', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11652', 'display_name': 'Handling Imbalanced Data in Classification Problems', 'score': 0.9935, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10057', 'display_name': 'Face Recognition and Dimensionality Reduction Techniques', 'score': 0.9867, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model', 'display_name': 'Discriminative model', 'score': 0.7779981}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier-detection', 'display_name': 'Outlier Detection', 'score': 0.600895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction', 'display_name': 'Dimensionality Reduction', 'score': 0.547154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-sensitive-learning', 'display_name': 'Cost-Sensitive Learning', 'score': 0.519817}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection', 'display_name': 'Anomaly Detection', 'score': 0.507542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/feature', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'score': 0.49991632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark', 'display_name': 'Benchmark (surveying)', 'score': 0.45777982}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sample', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'score': 0.43252683}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.79956603}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97931131', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087', 'display_name': 'Discriminative model', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7779981}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153180895', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389', 'display_name': 'Pattern recognition (psychology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7663606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79337645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824', 'display_name': 'Outlier', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7296278}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5986124}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C69738355', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929', 'display_name': 'Linear discriminant analysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51161224}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776401178', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49991632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C739882', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506', 'display_name': 'Anomaly detection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4900514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185798385', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707', 'display_name': 'Benchmark (surveying)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45777982}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177148314', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084', 'display_name': 'Generalization', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43819442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4364316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198531522', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146', 'display_name': 'Sample (material)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43252683}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2812959}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13280743', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089', 'display_name': 'Geodesy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D007090', 'descriptor_name': 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019636', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000000981', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnostic imaging', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059906', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroimaging', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000069553', 'descriptor_name': 'Supervised Machine Learning', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000465', 'descriptor_name': 'Algorithms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000000981', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnostic imaging', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016208', 'descriptor_name': 'Databases, Factual', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016002', 'descriptor_name': 'Discriminant Analysis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007090', 'descriptor_name': 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019636', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059906', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroimaging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012372', 'descriptor_name': 'ROC Curve', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2018.2794470', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S199944782', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence', 'issn_l': '0162-8828', 'issn': ['0162-8828', '1939-3539', '2160-9292'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320439', 'host_organization_name': 'IEEE Computer Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320439', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['IEEE Computer Society', 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6050136', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6050136?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6050136', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29994560', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6050136', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6050136?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.74, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10', 'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320337385', 'funder_display_name': 'NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research', 'award_id': 'R01AG041721'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 54, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W13260401', 'https://openalex.org/W1479807131', 'https://openalex.org/W1491300635', 'https://openalex.org/W1521781547', 'https://openalex.org/W1892035143', 'https://openalex.org/W1964274234', 'https://openalex.org/W1988494453', 'https://openalex.org/W1997201895', 'https://openalex.org/W1999598817', 'https://openalex.org/W2014418634', 'https://openalex.org/W2014940628', 'https://openalex.org/W2021345820', 'https://openalex.org/W2024731863', 'https://openalex.org/W2029630915', 'https://openalex.org/W2032365301', 'https://openalex.org/W2038964396', 'https://openalex.org/W2073449985', 'https://openalex.org/W2085261163', 'https://openalex.org/W2093922090', 'https://openalex.org/W2105055468', 'https://openalex.org/W2107968230', 'https://openalex.org/W2119406369', 'https://openalex.org/W2123157895', 'https://openalex.org/W2126523478', 'https://openalex.org/W2127324070', 'https://openalex.org/W2130371234', 'https://openalex.org/W2131954031', 'https://openalex.org/W2136504847', 'https://openalex.org/W2136860609', 'https://openalex.org/W2138424157', 'https://openalex.org/W2142592339', 'https://openalex.org/W2145962650', 'https://openalex.org/W2152758153', 'https://openalex.org/W2153171432', 'https://openalex.org/W2153417333', 'https://openalex.org/W2158952170', 'https://openalex.org/W2160034813', 'https://openalex.org/W2160569988', 'https://openalex.org/W2161686623', 'https://openalex.org/W2163584563', 'https://openalex.org/W2164278908', 'https://openalex.org/W2164958105', 'https://openalex.org/W2165840723', 'https://openalex.org/W2166112256', 'https://openalex.org/W2168912077', 'https://openalex.org/W2187089797', 'https://openalex.org/W2260938729', 'https://openalex.org/W2273249530', 'https://openalex.org/W2293298207', 'https://openalex.org/W2344823654', 'https://openalex.org/W2541820485', 'https://openalex.org/W3004623877', 'https://openalex.org/W4292363360', 'https://openalex.org/W81331483'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389116644', 'https://openalex.org/W3111802945', 'https://openalex.org/W3107369729', 'https://openalex.org/W3103844505', 'https://openalex.org/W2965546495', 'https://openalex.org/W2946096271', 'https://openalex.org/W259157601', 'https://openalex.org/W2499612753', 'https://openalex.org/W2295423552', 'https://openalex.org/W2153315159'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Discriminative': [0], 'methods': [1, 160], 'commonly': [2], 'produce': [3], 'models': [4], 'with': [5], 'relatively': [6], 'good': [7], 'generalization': [8], 'abilities.': [9], 'However,': [10], 'this': [11, 92], 'advantage': [12], 'is': [13], 'challenged': [14], 'in': [15, 23, 34, 50, 187], 'real-world': [16], 'applications': [17], '(e.g.,': [18], 'medical': [19], 'image': [20], 'analysis': [21, 110], 'problems),': [22], 'which': [24], 'there': [25], 'often': [26], 'exist': [27], 'outlier': [28], 'data': [29, 89], 'points': [30], '(sample-outliers)': [31], 'and': [32, 72, 114, 121, 136, 145, 183, 192], 'noises': [33], 'the': [35, 51, 65, 69, 76, 80, 104, 150, 168, 181, 193, 196], 'predictor': [36], 'values': [37], '(feature-noises).': [38], 'Methods': [39], 'robust': [40, 98, 157], 'to': [41, 111, 167], 'both': [42, 118, 190], 'types': [43], 'of': [44, 79, 107, 152, 163, 171, 189], 'these': [45], 'deviations': [46], 'are': [47], 'somewhat': [48], 'overlooked': [49], 'literature.': [52], 'We': [53, 125], 'further': [54], 'argue': [55], 'that': [56, 177], 'denoising': [57], 'can': [58, 83, 161], 'be': [59, 84, 162], 'more': [60, 88], 'effective,': [61], 'if': [62], 'we': [63, 94], 'learn': [64], 'model': [66], 'using': [67, 87, 117], 'all': [68], 'available': [70], 'labeled': [71, 119], 'unlabeled': [73, 122], 'samples,': [74], 'as': [75], 'intrinsic': [77], 'geometry': [78], 'sample': [81], 'manifold': [82], 'better': [85], 'constructed': [86], 'points.': [90], 'In': [91], 'paper,': [93], 'propose': [95], 'a': [96, 130], 'semi-supervised': [97, 134], 'discriminative': [99], 'classification': [100], 'method': [101, 179], 'based': [102], 'on': [103, 129], 'least-squares': [105], 'formulation': [106], 'linear': [108], 'discriminant': [109], 'detect': [112], 'sample-outliers': [113], 'feature-noises': [115], 'simultaneously,': [116], 'training': [120], 'testing': [123], 'data.': [124, 173], 'conduct': [126], 'several': [127, 184], 'experiments': [128], 'synthetic,': [131], 'some': [132], 'benchmark': [133], 'learning,': [135], 'two': [137], 'brain': [138], 'neurodegenerative': [139, 153], 'disease': [140], 'diagnosis': [141], 'datasets': [142], '(for': [143], "Parkinson's": [144], "Alzheimer's": [146], 'diseases).': [147], 'Specifically': [148], 'for': [149], 'application': [151], 'diseases': [154], 'diagnosis,': [155], 'incorporating': [156], 'machine': [158], 'learning': [159], 'great': [164], 'benefit,': [165], 'due': [166], 'noisy': [169], 'nature': [170], 'neuroimaging': [172], 'Our': [174], 'results': [175], 'show': [176], 'our': [178], 'outperforms': [180], 'baseline': [182], 'state-of-the-art': [185], 'methods,': [186], 'terms': [188], 'accuracy': [191], 'area': [194], 'under': [195], 'ROC': [197], 'curve.': [198]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2784313390', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 9}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T23:50:20.528242', 'created_date': '2018-01-26'}