Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2778762494', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6286-5_6', 'title': 'Involving the Private Sector and PPPs in Financing Public Investments: Some Opportunities and Challenges', 'display_name': 'Involving the Private Sector and PPPs in Financing Public Investments: Some Opportunities and Challenges', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-12-28', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2778762494', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6286-5_6', 'mag': '2778762494'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6286-5_6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054125389', 'display_name': 'Ehtisham Ahmad', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-3336'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I135140700', 'display_name': 'University of Bonn', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041nas322', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I135140700']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ehtisham Ahmad', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I135140700']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024565829', 'display_name': 'Amar Bhattacharya', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I115283149', 'display_name': 'Brookings Institution', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04aj4sh46', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I115283149']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Amar Bhattacharya', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Brookings Institution, Washington, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Brookings Institution, Washington, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I115283149']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058776365', 'display_name': 'Annalisa Vinella', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-3089'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I5561750', 'display_name': 'University of Bari Aldo Moro', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/027ynra39', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I5561750']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Annalisa Vinella', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Bari, Bari, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Bari, Bari, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I5561750']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5035886298', 'display_name': 'Kezhou Xiao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1687-9043'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I909854389', 'display_name': 'London School of Economics and Political Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0090zs177', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I909854389']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kezhou Xiao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['London School of Economics, Houghton, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'London School of Economics, Houghton, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I909854389']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5054125389'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I135140700'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 36.983, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 23, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.976792, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '123', 'last_page': '159'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11939', 'display_name': 'Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure Development', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11939', 'display_name': 'Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure Development', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11770', 'display_name': 'Impact of Infrastructure and Taxation on Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9958, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12779', 'display_name': 'Role of Public Procurement in Driving Innovation and Sustainability', 'score': 0.9873, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ppp/pfi-projects', 'display_name': 'PPP/PFI Projects', 'score': 0.556361}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/public-investment', 'display_name': 'Public Investment', 'score': 0.539278}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/public-private-partnerships', 'display_name': 'Public-Private Partnerships', 'score': 0.529863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contingent-liability', 'display_name': 'Contingent liability', 'score': 0.4833824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/new-public-management', 'display_name': 'New public management', 'score': 0.44191712}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue-sharing', 'display_name': 'Revenue sharing', 'score': 0.425026}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147859227', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217', 'display_name': 'Public sector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65949017}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121426985', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763', 'display_name': 'Private sector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.64579904}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6451616}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.60727704}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778137410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820', 'display_name': 'Government (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57275313}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776007630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912', 'display_name': 'Accountability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5608672}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54879946', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475350', 'display_name': 'Contingent liability', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4833824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195487862', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210', 'display_name': 'Revenue', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45908275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47936135', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294245', 'display_name': 'New public management', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44191712}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32896092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447', 'display_name': 'Risk management', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42510313}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780964353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318025', 'display_name': 'Revenue sharing', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.425026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100001284', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246', 'display_name': 'Public economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34986305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26172066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14041194}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10677129}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136264566', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810', 'display_name': 'Economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08951217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120527767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867', 'display_name': 'Debt', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6286-5_6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.41, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17', 'display_name': 'Partnerships for the goals'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1539151013', 'https://openalex.org/W1548462700', 'https://openalex.org/W1549622628', 'https://openalex.org/W1559012443', 'https://openalex.org/W1566231045', 'https://openalex.org/W1569470206', 'https://openalex.org/W1569989538', 'https://openalex.org/W1576131173', 'https://openalex.org/W1577395657', 'https://openalex.org/W1589928278', 'https://openalex.org/W182570482', 'https://openalex.org/W1876275220', 'https://openalex.org/W1969893525', 'https://openalex.org/W1998596407', 'https://openalex.org/W2002619148', 'https://openalex.org/W2003464182', 'https://openalex.org/W2023298475', 'https://openalex.org/W2043715088', 'https://openalex.org/W2106003434', 'https://openalex.org/W2114899333', 'https://openalex.org/W2121629345', 'https://openalex.org/W2122811766', 'https://openalex.org/W2131715121', 'https://openalex.org/W2153335615', 'https://openalex.org/W2164040156', 'https://openalex.org/W2174709363', 'https://openalex.org/W2251119392', 'https://openalex.org/W2341018035', 'https://openalex.org/W2611347580', 'https://openalex.org/W3122448180', 'https://openalex.org/W3123690418', 'https://openalex.org/W3125317672', 'https://openalex.org/W3141095952', 'https://openalex.org/W4236371659', 'https://openalex.org/W4243665095'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3201495931', 'https://openalex.org/W3124233300', 'https://openalex.org/W2778762494', 'https://openalex.org/W2619629332', 'https://openalex.org/W2600806785', 'https://openalex.org/W2342946900', 'https://openalex.org/W2132110034', 'https://openalex.org/W2097729089', 'https://openalex.org/W2019196345', 'https://openalex.org/W1993661892'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2778762494', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 10}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T21:55:07.406805', 'created_date': '2018-01-05'}