Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2623501250', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/aca.2017.0014', 'title': 'The African Diaspora in Atlantic Canada: History, Historians, and Historiography', 'display_name': 'The African Diaspora in Atlantic Canada: History, Historians, and Historiography', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2623501250', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/aca.2017.0014', 'mag': '2623501250'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/aca.2017.0014', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S104840215', 'display_name': 'Acadiensis', 'issn_l': '0044-5851', 'issn': ['0044-5851', '1712-7432'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310312888', 'host_organization_name': 'University of New Brunswick', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310312888'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of New Brunswick'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023507164', 'display_name': 'Harvey Amani Whitfield', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Harvey Amani Whitfield', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5023507164'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.83, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 7, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.898428, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 82, 'max': 83}, 'biblio': {'volume': '46', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '213', 'last_page': '232'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12219', 'display_name': 'Canadian Identity and History', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12219', 'display_name': 'Canadian Identity and History', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/historiography', 'display_name': 'Historiography', 'score': 0.93621004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/diaspora', 'display_name': 'Diaspora', 'score': 0.92139435}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atlantic-world', 'display_name': 'Atlantic World', 'score': 0.5324522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/emigration', 'display_name': 'Emigration', 'score': 0.51168346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/african-descent', 'display_name': 'African descent', 'score': 0.4731499}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-passage', 'display_name': 'Middle Passage', 'score': 0.45302838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atlantic-slave-trade', 'display_name': 'Atlantic slave trade', 'score': 0.4444812}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29598333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50675', 'display_name': 'Historiography', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.93621004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778611045', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133004', 'display_name': 'Diaspora', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.92139435}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.60354966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54663724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70036468', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288', 'display_name': 'Immigration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53908086}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C208050544', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4816595', 'display_name': 'Atlantic World', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5324522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778061430', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823', 'display_name': 'Scholarship', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52240205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104151175', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187668', 'display_name': 'Emigration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51168346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2991960288', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817393', 'display_name': 'African descent', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4731499}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781188991', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2500942', 'display_name': 'Middle Passage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45302838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780592174', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10701282', 'display_name': 'Atlantic slave trade', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4444812}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2549261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455', 'display_name': 'Ethnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4338032}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53553401', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307', 'display_name': 'Genealogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39932567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32226747}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2840932}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195244886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493', 'display_name': 'Ancient history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25745103}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19211048}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14223051}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13040894}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09632006}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/aca.2017.0014', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S104840215', 'display_name': 'Acadiensis', 'issn_l': '0044-5851', 'issn': ['0044-5851', '1712-7432'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310312888', 'host_organization_name': 'University of New Brunswick', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310312888'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of New Brunswick'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.4, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10', 'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 4, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1547647974', 'https://openalex.org/W2335742707', 'https://openalex.org/W2570951679', 'https://openalex.org/W2585084193'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W588256343', 'https://openalex.org/W4239687512', 'https://openalex.org/W2945846164', 'https://openalex.org/W2598143590', 'https://openalex.org/W2595345711', 'https://openalex.org/W25852161', 'https://openalex.org/W2320755462', 'https://openalex.org/W2163904991', 'https://openalex.org/W2052317433', 'https://openalex.org/W1964921885'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 52], 'African': [1, 84, 158, 178, 225], 'Diaspora': [2, 159, 226], 'in': [3, 62, 102, 104, 111, 160, 180, 194, 241, 251, 307, 346, 370, 390, 469, 477, 513, 536, 583, 598, 619, 678], 'Atlantic': [4, 21, 31, 50, 89, 161, 182, 519], 'Canada:History,': [5], 'Historians,': [6], 'and': [7, 27, 36, 41, 54, 74, 87, 114, 118, 123, 140, 189, 197, 203, 210, 233, 260, 314, 323, 335, 374, 389, 398, 440, 447, 517, 528, 547, 576, 595, 632, 647, 660], 'Historiography': [8], 'Harvey': [9], 'Amani': [10], 'Whitfield': [11], '(bio)': [12], 'BLACK': [13], 'MIGRATION': [14], 'IS': [15], 'ONE': [16], 'OF': [17], 'THE': [18], 'HALLMARKS': [19], 'of': [20, 44, 56, 67, 81, 83, 99, 132, 143, 156, 173, 177, 284, 287, 320, 356, 361, 376, 380, 386, 414, 431, 435, 437, 445, 453, 457, 505, 510, 556, 570, 581, 593, 601, 611, 617, 667], 'Canadian': [22], 'history.': [23], 'These': [24, 309, 498], 'migrations,': [25], 'forced': [26], 'voluntary,': [28], 'connected': [29, 522], 'the': [30, 37, 49, 78, 137, 141, 154, 157, 164, 181, 187, 195, 199, 207, 214, 223, 252, 298, 391, 485, 506, 518, 529, 549, 568, 579, 585, 591, 612, 615, 620, 640, 664], 'region': [32, 621], 'with': [33, 317, 525, 675], 'Africa,': [34], 'Europe,': [35], 'Caribbean.': [38, 530], 'Between': [39], '1750': [40], '1820,': [42], 'thousands': [43], 'black': [45, 58, 215, 538], 'people': [46, 82, 176, 310, 539], 'migrated': [47, 541], 'to': [48, 86, 222, 261, 280, 297, 303, 336, 465, 488, 533, 542, 553, 589, 608, 663], 'colonies.1': [51], 'intricacies': [53], 'complexities': [55], 'these': [57, 467], 'migrations': [59, 80], 'are': [60, 130], 'captured': [61], 'several': [63, 94, 247, 305, 348, 627], 'documents.': [64], 'An': [65], 'exploration': [66], 'slave': [68, 109], 'for': [69, 249, 442, 496, 500], 'sale': [70, 98, 110, 250, 501], 'notices,': [71, 117], 'runaway': [72, 116], 'advertisements,': [73], 'other': [75, 400], 'sources': [76], 'highlight': [77], 'multifaceted': [79], 'descent': [85, 179], 'from': [88, 125, 258, 294, 406], 'Canada.': [90, 162], 'This': [91, 184], 'essay': [92, 185], 'highlights': [93, 198], 'primary': [95], 'source': [96], 'documents–the': [97], 'Halifax': [100, 489, 582], 'slaves': [101, 248, 306, 430, 468, 486, 573, 607, 618, 631, 661, 668, 672], 'Boston': [103, 244, 253], '1751,': [105], 'Joshua': [106, 300, 340], "Mauger's": [107], '1752': [108], 'Halifax,': [112, 347], 'Hector': [113], "Peter's": [115], 'opposing': [119], 'letters': [120], 'about': [121, 175, 357, 415, 432, 454], 'race': [122], 'immigration': [124], 'two': [126, 499], 'Nova': [127, 515, 523, 558], 'Scotian': [128], 'writers–that': [129], 'part': [131], 'my': [133], 'research': [134], 'into': [135], 'slavery,': [136], 'Black': [138, 145], 'Loyalists,': [139], 'War': [142], '1812': [144], 'Refugees.': [146], 'Taken': [147], 'together,': [148], 'they': [149], 'prompt': [150], 'a': [151, 243, 295, 318, 363, 371, 408, 449, 491, 679], 'reflection': [152], 'on': [153, 213], 'historiography': [155, 196], 'Since': [163], 'late': [165], '19th': [166], 'century,': [167], 'there': [168, 625], 'has': [169, 366, 566], 'been': [170, 328, 367], 'an': [171, 599], 'outpouring': [172], 'scholarship': [174], 'Region.': [183], 'explores': [186], 'trends': [188, 629], 'patterns': [190], 'that': [191, 201, 402, 462, 521, 634], 'have': [192, 327, 474], 'emerged': [193], 'role': [200], 'migration': [202], 'various': [204, 554, 609], 'historical': [205], 'contexts–especially': [206], 'local,': [208], 'national/continental,': [209], 'imperial–have': [211], 'had': [212], 'population.2': [216], 'Regional': [217], 'history': [218], 'is': [219, 460], 'intimately': [220], 'related': [221], 'wider': [224], 'through': [227], 'immigration,': [228], 'emigration,': [229], 'enslavement,': [230], 'freedom,': [231], 'commerce,': [232], 'family': [234, 329], '[End': [235], 'Page': [236], '213]': [237], 'connections.': [238], 'For': [239, 560], 'example,': [240], '1751': [242], 'merchant': [245], 'offered': [246], 'Post': [254], 'Boy:': [255], '"JUST': [256], "arriv'd": [257], 'Hallifax,': [259], 'be': [262, 337, 404, 636], 'sold,': [263], 'Ten': [264], 'Hearty': [265], 'Strong': [266], 'Negro': [267, 349, 354, 412, 429, 451], 'Men,': [268], 'mostly': [269], 'Tradesmen,': [270], 'such': [271], 'as': [272, 384], 'Caulkers,': [273], 'Carpenters,': [274], 'Sailmakers,': [275], 'Ropemakers:': [276], 'Any': [277], 'Person': [278], 'inclining': [279], 'purchase': [281], 'may': [282], 'enquire': [283], 'Benjamin': [285], 'Hallowell': [286], 'Boston."3': [288], 'One': [289], 'year': [290], 'later,': [291], 'after': [292, 639], 'returning': [293], 'trip': [296], 'Caribbean,': [299], 'Mauger': [301, 463, 483], 'attempted': [302], 'sell': [304, 466], 'Halifax.': [308, 470], 'included': [311], 'men,': [312], 'women,': [313], 'young': [315], 'teenagers': [316], 'variety': [319], 'skills,': [321], 'traditions,': [322], 'backgrounds.': [324], 'They': [325], 'might': [326], 'or': [330, 417, 480], 'completely': [331], 'unrelated:': [332], 'Just': [333], 'imported,': [334], 'sold': [338], 'by': [339, 655], 'Mauger,': [341], 'at': [342], 'Major': [343], "Lockman's": [344], 'store': [345], 'slaves,': [350, 537], 'viz.': [351], 'A': [352], 'likely': [353], 'Wench,': [355], 'thirty': [358], 'five': [359], 'years': [360, 456], 'Age,': [362, 436], 'Creole': [364], 'born,': [365], 'brought': [368, 484, 606], 'up': [369], "Gentleman's": [372], 'family,': [373], 'capable': [375], 'doing': [377], 'all': [378, 387], 'sorts': [379], 'work': [381], 'belonging': [382], 'thereto,': [383], 'Needle-Work': [385], 'sorts,': [388], 'best': [392], 'Manner;': [393], 'also': [394, 448, 540], 'Washing,': [395], 'Ironing,': [396], 'Cookery,': [397], 'every': [399], 'Thing': [401], 'can': [403], 'expected': [405], 'Such': [407], 'Slave.': [409], 'Also,': [410], '2': [411, 427], 'boys': [413], '12': [416], '13': [418], 'Years': [419, 434], 'old,': [420], 'likely,': [421], 'healthy': [422, 428, 450], '.': [423, 424, 425], 'likewise': [426], '18': [433], 'agreeable': [438], 'tempers,': [439], 'fit': [441], 'any': [443], 'kind': [444], 'business;': [446], 'Man': [452], '30': [455], 'age.4': [458], 'It': [459], 'telling': [461], 'decided': [464], 'He': [471], 'could': [472], 'easily': [473], 'unloaded': [475], 'them': [476], 'Charleston,': [478], 'Philadelphia,': [479], 'Boston.': [481], 'But': [482], 'back': [487], 'because': [490], 'local': [492], 'market': [493], 'clearly': [494], 'existed': [495], 'them.': [497], 'advertisements': [502], 'illuminate': [503], 'one': [504], 'less': [507], 'understood': [508], 'forms': [509], 'migration–the': [511], 'trade': [512, 535], 'slaves–between': [514], 'Scotia': [516, 524], 'littoral': [520], 'New': [526, 550, 602, 648], 'England': [527, 551, 603, 649], 'In': [531, 643], 'addition': [532], 'this': [534, 596], 'Île': [543, 561, 645], 'Royale': [544, 646], '(Cape': [545], 'Breton)': [546], 'alongside': [548], 'Planters': [552, 604], 'parts': [555, 610], 'mainland': [557], 'Scotia.': [559], 'Royale,': [562], 'historian': [563], 'Ken': [564], 'Donovan': [565], 'illuminated': [567], 'lives': [569], 'over': [571], '400': [572], 'between': [574, 658], '1713': [575], '1815.5': [577], 'After': [578], 'founding': [580], '1749,': [584], 'British': [586], 'government': [587], 'wanted': [588], 'encourage': [590], 'settlement': [592], 'Protestants': [594], 'resulted': [597], 'influx': [600], 'who': [605, 673], 'Maritimes.': [613], 'Although': [614], 'numbers': [616], 'were': [622, 626], 'not': [623], 'large,': [624], 'basic': [628], 'among': [630], 'slaveholders': [633], 'would': [635], 'greatly': [637], 'expanded': [638], 'Loyalist': [641], 'settlement.': [642], 'both': [644], 'Planter': [650], 'settlements,': [651], 'slavery': [652], 'was': [653], 'defined': [654], 'close': [656], 'interactions': [657], 'owners': [659, 677], 'due': [662], 'small': [665], 'number': [666], 'per': [669], 'household,': [670], 'multi-occupational': [671], 'worked': [674], 'their': [676], 'mixed': [680], 'economy,': [681], 'and...': [682]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2623501250', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-18T10:45:14.174592', 'created_date': '2017-06-15'}