Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2603902508', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0061-9', 'title': 'An institution-based view of global IPR history', 'display_name': 'An institution-based view of global IPR history', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-03-27', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2603902508', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0061-9', 'mag': '2603902508'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0061-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S38024979', 'display_name': 'Journal of International Business Studies', 'issn_l': '0047-2506', 'issn': ['0047-2506', '1478-6990'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319964', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Macmillan Publishers', 'Palgrave Macmillan'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013166854', 'display_name': 'Mike W. Peng', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-8497'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162577319', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Dallas', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/049emcs32', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162577319']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mike W Peng', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Jindal School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, SM 43, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Jindal School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, SM 43, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162577319']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089674152', 'display_name': 'David Ahlström', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-1248'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177725633', 'display_name': 'Chinese University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00t33hh48', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David Ahlstrom', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177725633']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021736187', 'display_name': 'Shawn M. Carraher', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-7699'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162577319', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Dallas', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/049emcs32', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162577319']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Shawn M Carraher', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Jindal School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, SM 43, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Jindal School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, SM 43, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I162577319']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100609795', 'display_name': 'Weilei Shi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3869-2516'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Weilei Shi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3390, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4390, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 29.811, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 146, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999888, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '48', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '893', 'last_page': '907'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10856', 'display_name': 'Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation', 'score': 0.9622, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1405', 'display_name': 'Management of Technology and Innovation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10856', 'display_name': 'Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation', 'score': 0.9622, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1405', 'display_name': 'Management of Technology and Innovation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10019', 'display_name': 'Corporate Governance and Financial Performance', 'score': 0.9508, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1402', 'display_name': 'Accounting'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11903', 'display_name': 'Venture Capital and Start-Up Financing', 'score': 0.919, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1402', 'display_name': 'Accounting'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/institution', 'display_name': 'Institution', 'score': 0.6642164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/world-history', 'display_name': 'World history', 'score': 0.5554776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/business-history', 'display_name': 'Business history', 'score': 0.5374065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/international-business', 'display_name': 'International business', 'score': 0.52809566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-analysis', 'display_name': 'Patent Analysis', 'score': 0.45925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/path-dependence', 'display_name': 'Path dependence', 'score': 0.4162879}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781354396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840407', 'display_name': 'Enthusiasm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7451049}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191935318', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148', 'display_name': 'China', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70623237}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780510313', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706', 'display_name': 'Institution', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6642164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C34974158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257', 'display_name': 'Intellectual property', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5924541}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206619068', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6457238', 'display_name': 'World history', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5554776}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96820896', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471400', 'display_name': 'Business history', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5374065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193257486', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3681519', 'display_name': 'International business', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52809566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4950637}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190253527', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354', 'display_name': 'Law and economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46861324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779272642', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093521', 'display_name': 'Path dependence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4162879}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83864248', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323', 'display_name': 'Developing country', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41322023}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4013878}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155202549', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803', 'display_name': 'International trade', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33306476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133425853', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571', 'display_name': 'Neoclassical economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.299752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2611717}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21122673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187736073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921', 'display_name': 'Management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1781568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0061-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S38024979', 'display_name': 'Journal of International Business Studies', 'issn_l': '0047-2506', 'issn': ['0047-2506', '1478-6990'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319964', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Macmillan Publishers', 'Palgrave Macmillan'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 122, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1484074586', 'https://openalex.org/W1495886451', 'https://openalex.org/W1497221767', 'https://openalex.org/W1507159783', 'https://openalex.org/W1508296537', 'https://openalex.org/W1509292812', 'https://openalex.org/W1515287470', 'https://openalex.org/W1518942320', 'https://openalex.org/W1522230011', 'https://openalex.org/W1527392308', 'https://openalex.org/W1528805740', 'https://openalex.org/W1529182663', 'https://openalex.org/W1530397009', 'https://openalex.org/W1532603064', 'https://openalex.org/W1534235521', 'https://openalex.org/W1545324819', 'https://openalex.org/W1573435394', 'https://openalex.org/W1581286436', 'https://openalex.org/W1582851629', 'https://openalex.org/W1589200216', 'https://openalex.org/W1591483746', 'https://openalex.org/W1663683230', 'https://openalex.org/W1869222553', 'https://openalex.org/W1898487769', 'https://openalex.org/W1916282155', 'https://openalex.org/W1968437171', 'https://openalex.org/W1969380537', 'https://openalex.org/W1976715124', 'https://openalex.org/W1977655018', 'https://openalex.org/W1977736941', 'https://openalex.org/W1982108724', 'https://openalex.org/W1982439316', 'https://openalex.org/W1983595247', 'https://openalex.org/W1988511036', 'https://openalex.org/W1993663609', 'https://openalex.org/W1994976401', 'https://openalex.org/W1999858482', 'https://openalex.org/W2005735260', 'https://openalex.org/W2007990086', 'https://openalex.org/W2008758148', 'https://openalex.org/W2009202666', 'https://openalex.org/W2012201203', 'https://openalex.org/W2013375131', 'https://openalex.org/W2023518926', 'https://openalex.org/W2024275691', 'https://openalex.org/W2026355896', 'https://openalex.org/W2028756423', 'https://openalex.org/W2032769896', 'https://openalex.org/W2033309570', 'https://openalex.org/W2046259706', 'https://openalex.org/W2047250605', 'https://openalex.org/W2063041860', 'https://openalex.org/W2067576317', 'https://openalex.org/W2080508045', 'https://openalex.org/W2088078282', 'https://openalex.org/W2091962533', 'https://openalex.org/W2105436882', 'https://openalex.org/W2118330503', 'https://openalex.org/W2118463881', 'https://openalex.org/W2119565407', 'https://openalex.org/W2120839908', 'https://openalex.org/W2123193664', 'https://openalex.org/W2124172505', 'https://openalex.org/W2126452106', 'https://openalex.org/W2130719575', 'https://openalex.org/W2135390724', 'https://openalex.org/W2136302687', 'https://openalex.org/W2137794990', 'https://openalex.org/W2142257426', 'https://openalex.org/W2148919748', 'https://openalex.org/W2150201320', 'https://openalex.org/W2153471055', 'https://openalex.org/W2154638075', 'https://openalex.org/W2154968678', 'https://openalex.org/W2161975599', 'https://openalex.org/W2166352162', 'https://openalex.org/W2169285633', 'https://openalex.org/W2196391760', 'https://openalex.org/W2256410456', 'https://openalex.org/W2266881867', 'https://openalex.org/W2277005588', 'https://openalex.org/W2327632355', 'https://openalex.org/W2333259165', 'https://openalex.org/W2333722552', 'https://openalex.org/W2338187983', 'https://openalex.org/W2344010590', 'https://openalex.org/W2413083850', 'https://openalex.org/W2498488479', 'https://openalex.org/W2502475516', 'https://openalex.org/W2566856888', 'https://openalex.org/W2596828501', 'https://openalex.org/W262091601', 'https://openalex.org/W2755908382', 'https://openalex.org/W2973282358', 'https://openalex.org/W3121141915', 'https://openalex.org/W3121147769', 'https://openalex.org/W3121565364', 'https://openalex.org/W3122707800', 'https://openalex.org/W3122933096', 'https://openalex.org/W3122982156', 'https://openalex.org/W3123282572', 'https://openalex.org/W3123960712', 'https://openalex.org/W3124634559', 'https://openalex.org/W3125571233', 'https://openalex.org/W3125878831', 'https://openalex.org/W312723901', 'https://openalex.org/W4205877455', 'https://openalex.org/W4205942516', 'https://openalex.org/W4230308017', 'https://openalex.org/W4230546371', 'https://openalex.org/W4236679361', 'https://openalex.org/W4248388162', 'https://openalex.org/W4250229182', 'https://openalex.org/W4256472837', 'https://openalex.org/W4292229879', 'https://openalex.org/W4294661513', 'https://openalex.org/W4297440425', 'https://openalex.org/W4298413470', 'https://openalex.org/W4299347024', 'https://openalex.org/W590291065', 'https://openalex.org/W602741845', 'https://openalex.org/W621606690'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387708419', 'https://openalex.org/W4253036153', 'https://openalex.org/W3018011161', 'https://openalex.org/W2392738674', 'https://openalex.org/W2390409831', 'https://openalex.org/W2356952453', 'https://openalex.org/W2151328441', 'https://openalex.org/W2134327184', 'https://openalex.org/W2085765703', 'https://openalex.org/W1553417351'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2603902508', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T01:26:16.366877', 'created_date': '2017-04-07'}