Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2591733810', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.002195', 'title': 'Improving the timing jitter of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detection system', 'display_name': 'Improving the timing jitter of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detection system', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-03-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2591733810', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.002195', 'mag': '2591733810', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28375312'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.002195', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210238599', 'display_name': 'Applied Optics', 'issn_l': '0003-6935', 'issn': ['0003-6935'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090927549', 'display_name': 'Junjie Wu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-8988'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Junjie Wu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034242806', 'display_name': 'Lixing You', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-0474'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Lixing You', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101756343', 'display_name': 'Sijing Chen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7410-8901'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Sijing Chen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100348488', 'display_name': 'Hao Li', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-4362'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hao Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100533461', 'display_name': 'Yuhao He', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Yuhao He', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063414270', 'display_name': 'Chaolin Lv', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-4071'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Chaolin Lv', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100422263', 'display_name': 'Zhen Wang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-6219'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhen Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013978849', 'display_name': 'Xiaoming Xie', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9891-6927'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nytyj38', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Xiaoming Xie', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5090927549', 'https://openalex.org/A5034242806', 'https://openalex.org/A5101756343', 'https://openalex.org/A5100348488', 'https://openalex.org/A5100533461', 'https://openalex.org/A5063414270', 'https://openalex.org/A5100422263', 'https://openalex.org/A5013978849'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322', 'https://openalex.org/I4210147322'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 33.607, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 80, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999348, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '56', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '2195', 'last_page': '2195'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12153', 'display_name': 'Time-of-Flight Imaging Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12153', 'display_name': 'Time-of-Flight Imaging Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10299', 'display_name': 'Silicon Photonics Technology', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11472', 'display_name': 'Advances in Chemical Sensor Technologies', 'score': 0.9929, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1502', 'display_name': 'Bioengineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting', 'display_name': 'Photon counting', 'score': 0.75351185}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/single-photon-detection', 'display_name': 'Single-Photon Detection', 'score': 0.574606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nanophotonic-waveguides', 'display_name': 'Nanophotonic Waveguides', 'score': 0.522391}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/signal', 'display_name': 'SIGNAL (programming language)', 'score': 0.44818333}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134652429', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698', 'display_name': 'Jitter', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9673343}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C184026988', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174320', 'display_name': 'Oscilloscope', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.763428}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781402376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172', 'display_name': 'Photon counting', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.75351185}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6539602}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94915269', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857', 'display_name': 'Detector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.590977}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5519497}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180205008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190', 'display_name': 'Amplitude', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45177668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779843651', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335', 'display_name': 'SIGNAL (programming language)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44818333}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159317903', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198', 'display_name': 'Photon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41049433}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15294787}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14329454}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.002195', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210238599', 'display_name': 'Applied Optics', 'issn_l': '0003-6935', 'issn': ['0003-6935'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28375312', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.78, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '61671438'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '61401443'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321133', 'funder_display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'award_id': '04010200'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321885', 'funder_display_name': 'Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality', 'award_id': '16JC1400402'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 20, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1977096309', 'https://openalex.org/W1977828322', 'https://openalex.org/W1980080007', 'https://openalex.org/W1992598417', 'https://openalex.org/W2001968606', 'https://openalex.org/W2009129550', 'https://openalex.org/W2010451492', 'https://openalex.org/W2020213845', 'https://openalex.org/W2025756490', 'https://openalex.org/W2042301732', 'https://openalex.org/W2057759815', 'https://openalex.org/W2113914108', 'https://openalex.org/W2307149057', 'https://openalex.org/W2408216207', 'https://openalex.org/W2752032044', 'https://openalex.org/W2962841662', 'https://openalex.org/W3098854640', 'https://openalex.org/W3099516491', 'https://openalex.org/W3106200538', 'https://openalex.org/W3106492945'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387485749', 'https://openalex.org/W2945971973', 'https://openalex.org/W2773198609', 'https://openalex.org/W2594230586', 'https://openalex.org/W2591733810', 'https://openalex.org/W2544596442', 'https://openalex.org/W2364019159', 'https://openalex.org/W2243648136', 'https://openalex.org/W1972598373', 'https://openalex.org/W1489049788'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Low': [0], 'timing': [1, 44, 69, 77], 'jitter': [2, 45, 70, 78], 'is': [3], 'a': [4, 38, 52, 56, 62], 'unique': [5], 'merit': [6], 'of': [7], 'superconducting': [8], 'nanowire': [9], 'single-photon': [10, 64], 'detectors': [11], '(SNSPDs)': [12], 'for': [13, 20, 51], 'time-correlated': [14, 63], 'applications.': [15], 'Quantitative': [16], 'analysis': [17], 'was': [18, 71, 79], 'performed': [19], 'the': [21, 67], 'SNSPD': [22, 54], 'system.': [23], 'Aided': [24], 'by': [25], 'an': [26, 29], 'oscilloscope': [27], 'with': [28], 'optimal': [30], 'signal': [31], 'amplitude,': [32], 'we': [33], 'were': [34], 'able': [35], 'to': [36], 'measure': [37], 'full': [39], 'width': [40], 'at': [41, 81], 'half-maximum': [42], 'system': [43, 68], 'as': [46, 48], 'low': [47], '14.2': [49], 'ps': [50], 'high-switching-current': [53], 'using': [55, 61], 'room-temperature': [57], 'low-noise': [58], 'amplifier.': [59], 'When': [60], 'counting': [65], 'module,': [66], '17.3': [72], 'ps.': [73, 83], 'The': [74], "detector's": [75], 'intrinsic': [76], 'estimated': [80], '∼12.0': [82]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2591733810', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T16:39:56.982145', 'created_date': '2017-03-16'}