Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2588771141', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-165-7_5', 'title': 'Toll-Like Receptors', 'display_name': 'Toll-Like Receptors', 'publication_year': 2008, 'publication_date': '2008-11-04', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2588771141', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-165-7_5', 'mag': '2588771141'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-165-7_5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019431321', 'display_name': 'Donna Bilu Martin', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22465464', 'display_name': 'University of Münster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pd74e08', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Donna Bilu Martin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070927543', 'display_name': 'Anthony A. Gaspari', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126744593', 'display_name': 'University of Maryland, Baltimore', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04rq5mt64', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126744593']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anthony A. Gaspari', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Dermatology, , University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Dermatology, , University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126744593']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.927169, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 79, 'max': 80}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '67', 'last_page': '84'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10371', 'display_name': 'Innate Immune Recognition and Signaling Pathways', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10371', 'display_name': 'Innate Immune Recognition and Signaling Pathways', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10837', 'display_name': 'Atopic Dermatitis and Skin Microbiome', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2708', 'display_name': 'Dermatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11591', 'display_name': 'NF-?B Signaling in Inflammation and Cancer', 'score': 0.9975, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1306', 'display_name': 'Cancer Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/toll-like-receptors', 'display_name': 'Toll-like Receptors', 'score': 0.637403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nod-like-receptors', 'display_name': 'NOD-Like Receptors', 'score': 0.534902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/transcription-factors', 'display_name': 'Transcription Factors', 'score': 0.521146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-immunity-regulation', 'display_name': 'Adaptive Immunity Regulation', 'score': 0.503821}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-antiviral-responses', 'display_name': 'Innate Antiviral Responses', 'score': 0.501335}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778025104', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408004', 'display_name': 'Toll', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7163131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5474863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3202495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3054891}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17118752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07183111}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-165-7_5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.81}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 229, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1483162601', 'https://openalex.org/W1491642133', 'https://openalex.org/W1493113567', 'https://openalex.org/W1501181174', 'https://openalex.org/W1514540900', 'https://openalex.org/W1517045610', 'https://openalex.org/W1518505597', 'https://openalex.org/W1519633296', 'https://openalex.org/W1526647481', 'https://openalex.org/W1560110579', 'https://openalex.org/W1562298285', 'https://openalex.org/W1567198647', 'https://openalex.org/W1570229015', 'https://openalex.org/W1571292455', 'https://openalex.org/W1603331933', 'https://openalex.org/W1612465238', 'https://openalex.org/W1618075023', 'https://openalex.org/W1622088669', 'https://openalex.org/W1646413467', 'https://openalex.org/W1655860314', 'https://openalex.org/W1661544713', 'https://openalex.org/W1671931635', 'https://openalex.org/W1678825283', 'https://openalex.org/W170634594', 'https://openalex.org/W1720483047', 'https://openalex.org/W1756855871', 'https://openalex.org/W1834719122', 'https://openalex.org/W1842896948', 'https://openalex.org/W1889825709', 'https://openalex.org/W1895527819', 'https://openalex.org/W1925847394', 'https://openalex.org/W1931057000', 'https://openalex.org/W1965897811', 'https://openalex.org/W1966680360', 'https://openalex.org/W1968134126', 'https://openalex.org/W1968245616', 'https://openalex.org/W1969072247', 'https://openalex.org/W1969941746', 'https://openalex.org/W1971402668', 'https://openalex.org/W1971521446', 'https://openalex.org/W1972689531', 'https://openalex.org/W1972776583', 'https://openalex.org/W1972799331', 'https://openalex.org/W1974565437', 'https://openalex.org/W1977920180', 'https://openalex.org/W1978231462', 'https://openalex.org/W1978926805', 'https://openalex.org/W1979695362', 'https://openalex.org/W1980273234', 'https://openalex.org/W1980768668', 'https://openalex.org/W1982922581', 'https://openalex.org/W1986097339', 'https://openalex.org/W1986178107', 'https://openalex.org/W1987077580', 'https://openalex.org/W1987383242', 'https://openalex.org/W1987584618', 'https://openalex.org/W1988228153', 'https://openalex.org/W1989352504', 'https://openalex.org/W1989733414', 'https://openalex.org/W1990713194', 'https://openalex.org/W1991731944', 'https://openalex.org/W1995177178', 'https://openalex.org/W1995744610', 'https://openalex.org/W1996573346', 'https://openalex.org/W1997839876', 'https://openalex.org/W2000076863', 'https://openalex.org/W2001244523', 'https://openalex.org/W2001740313', 'https://openalex.org/W2001988677', 'https://openalex.org/W2003280996', 'https://openalex.org/W2003381671', 'https://openalex.org/W2004266769', 'https://openalex.org/W2009739427', 'https://openalex.org/W2011842440', 'https://openalex.org/W2012114168', 'https://openalex.org/W2014018213', 'https://openalex.org/W2014679097', 'https://openalex.org/W2016862474', 'https://openalex.org/W2018539111', 'https://openalex.org/W2020805830', 'https://openalex.org/W2021413161', 'https://openalex.org/W2021736304', 'https://openalex.org/W2022906701', 'https://openalex.org/W2025318437', 'https://openalex.org/W2025412364', 'https://openalex.org/W2025523530', 'https://openalex.org/W2027023890', 'https://openalex.org/W2030539923', 'https://openalex.org/W2030611349', 'https://openalex.org/W2031242426', 'https://openalex.org/W2033220681', 'https://openalex.org/W2033571882', 'https://openalex.org/W2034387018', 'https://openalex.org/W2036747221', 'https://openalex.org/W2040017248', 'https://openalex.org/W2043948229', 'https://openalex.org/W2045806831', 'https://openalex.org/W2045891404', 'https://openalex.org/W2048750002', 'https://openalex.org/W2051918905', 'https://openalex.org/W2052086128', 'https://openalex.org/W2054583942', 'https://openalex.org/W2056996834', 'https://openalex.org/W2057809738', 'https://openalex.org/W2058298379', 'https://openalex.org/W2058863496', 'https://openalex.org/W2059066465', 'https://openalex.org/W2061626698', 'https://openalex.org/W2061742298', 'https://openalex.org/W2063120378', 'https://openalex.org/W2065423690', 'https://openalex.org/W2066743245', 'https://openalex.org/W2072547768', 'https://openalex.org/W2072734790', 'https://openalex.org/W2072901861', 'https://openalex.org/W2074489676', 'https://openalex.org/W2075583035', 'https://openalex.org/W2075787303', 'https://openalex.org/W2076017150', 'https://openalex.org/W2076361525', 'https://openalex.org/W2077904915', 'https://openalex.org/W2079260693', 'https://openalex.org/W2079264461', 'https://openalex.org/W2080717251', 'https://openalex.org/W2081418316', 'https://openalex.org/W2081441884', 'https://openalex.org/W2081756009', 'https://openalex.org/W2082612460', 'https://openalex.org/W2083054661', 'https://openalex.org/W2084289122', 'https://openalex.org/W2084603524', 'https://openalex.org/W2084951281', 'https://openalex.org/W2087604357', 'https://openalex.org/W2088031390', 'https://openalex.org/W2088473137', 'https://openalex.org/W2089905475', 'https://openalex.org/W2091554591', 'https://openalex.org/W2093883367', 'https://openalex.org/W2094036101', 'https://openalex.org/W2095710623', 'https://openalex.org/W2095833996', 'https://openalex.org/W2096743939', 'https://openalex.org/W2097599737', 'https://openalex.org/W2097901599', 'https://openalex.org/W2098672681', 'https://openalex.org/W2098765394', 'https://openalex.org/W2098901296', 'https://openalex.org/W2100585044', 'https://openalex.org/W2100706488', 'https://openalex.org/W2104159258', 'https://openalex.org/W2104422361', 'https://openalex.org/W2104904748', 'https://openalex.org/W2106821073', 'https://openalex.org/W2107674270', 'https://openalex.org/W2107679123', 'https://openalex.org/W2109231206', 'https://openalex.org/W2110575428', 'https://openalex.org/W2111522106', 'https://openalex.org/W2112275532', 'https://openalex.org/W2113116181', 'https://openalex.org/W2114637517', 'https://openalex.org/W2114737175', 'https://openalex.org/W2116588127', 'https://openalex.org/W2117626573', 'https://openalex.org/W2124502717', 'https://openalex.org/W2125099402', 'https://openalex.org/W2125309974', 'https://openalex.org/W2126278133', 'https://openalex.org/W2126626660', 'https://openalex.org/W2126659405', 'https://openalex.org/W2126734687', 'https://openalex.org/W2126829776', 'https://openalex.org/W2127642399', 'https://openalex.org/W2127700559', 'https://openalex.org/W2129280927', 'https://openalex.org/W2129319296', 'https://openalex.org/W2130186203', 'https://openalex.org/W2130322182', 'https://openalex.org/W2130421043', 'https://openalex.org/W2132195151', 'https://openalex.org/W2132585904', 'https://openalex.org/W2134106169', 'https://openalex.org/W2134821823', 'https://openalex.org/W2134940821', 'https://openalex.org/W2137590150', 'https://openalex.org/W2138474497', 'https://openalex.org/W2140236645', 'https://openalex.org/W2140403277', 'https://openalex.org/W2141040025', 'https://openalex.org/W2141691560', 'https://openalex.org/W2143092625', 'https://openalex.org/W2143666663', 'https://openalex.org/W2144032514', 'https://openalex.org/W2144346426', 'https://openalex.org/W2145110660', 'https://openalex.org/W2145564764', 'https://openalex.org/W2148044949', 'https://openalex.org/W2148178789', 'https://openalex.org/W2149697611', 'https://openalex.org/W2149999204', 'https://openalex.org/W2151022082', 'https://openalex.org/W2152189599', 'https://openalex.org/W2153328681', 'https://openalex.org/W2157339124', 'https://openalex.org/W2157527462', 'https://openalex.org/W2157847612', 'https://openalex.org/W2158500407', 'https://openalex.org/W2159323934', 'https://openalex.org/W2159631294', 'https://openalex.org/W2160670021', 'https://openalex.org/W2161093494', 'https://openalex.org/W2161273761', 'https://openalex.org/W2162372723', 'https://openalex.org/W2162554481', 'https://openalex.org/W2162624882', 'https://openalex.org/W2166411505', 'https://openalex.org/W2167059596', 'https://openalex.org/W2170459272', 'https://openalex.org/W2171123005', 'https://openalex.org/W2171714987', 'https://openalex.org/W2348852166', 'https://openalex.org/W2399933309', 'https://openalex.org/W2431115111', 'https://openalex.org/W4241949506', 'https://openalex.org/W4245037985', 'https://openalex.org/W4245422493', 'https://openalex.org/W4247611694', 'https://openalex.org/W4248787475', 'https://openalex.org/W8387223'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4234157524', 'https://openalex.org/W2151865869', 'https://openalex.org/W2130076355', 'https://openalex.org/W2117258802', 'https://openalex.org/W2082860237', 'https://openalex.org/W2051339581', 'https://openalex.org/W2013243191', 'https://openalex.org/W1993764875', 'https://openalex.org/W1990804418', 'https://openalex.org/W1641042124'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2588771141', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T02:56:20.598061', 'created_date': '2017-02-24'}