Title: Inference in linear regression models with many covariates and heteroskedasticity
Abstract: The linear regression model is widely used in empirical work in Economics, Statistics, and many other disciplines.Researchers often include many covariates in their linear model speci…cation in an attempt to control for confounders.We give inference methods that allow for many covariates and heteroskedasticity.Our results are obtained using high-dimensional approximations, where the number of included covariates are allowed to grow as fast as the sample size.We …nd that all of the usual versions of Eicker-White heteroskedasticity consistent standard error estimators for linear models are inconsistent under this asymptotics.We then propose a new heteroskedasticity consistent standard error formula that is fully automatic and robust to both (conditional) heteroskedasticity of unknown form and the inclusion of possibly many covariates.We apply our …ndings to three settings: parametric linear models with many covariates, linear panel models with many …xed e¤ects, and semiparametric semi-linear models with many technical regressors.Simulation evidence consistent with our theoretical results is also provided.The proposed methods are also illustrated with an empirical application.