Title: A Study of Carbon Dioxide Capture & Storage (CCS) Technology for Coal Based Thermal Power Plants and Utilization of CO 2 to Refineries: Indian Scenario
Abstract: Clean coal technologies (CCT) reduce the environmental impact of coal energy generation. Today's best available technologies allow efficiency gains of up to 46% hard coal plants and 43% lignite plants. The aim of the Clean Coal activity is to raise the efficiency level to above 50% and to reduce emissions. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is one of the key available technologies cutting CO2 emissions from fossil fuel-based power generation and CO2-intensive industries. CO2 emissions are captured before entering the atmosphere and stored underground. In the transition to a low-carbon economy, the CCS technology is one of the key ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Lowering the cost and energy penalty associated with CO2 capture from large stationary sources.Improving the understanding of factors affecting CO2 storage permanence, capacity, and safety in geologic formations and terrestrial ecosystems.Once these objectives are met, new and existing power plants and fuel processing facilities around the world have the potential. Many countries are dependent on fossil fuels energy generation, and fossil fuels remain a vast energy resource, widely distributed around the world. Coal in particular is abundant in regions that have large existing or projected energy demand and limited alternative energy options. With an average of two coal- fired power stations being built in the developing world every week, reduction in local pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the combustion and processing of fossil fuels will remain one of the world's biggest challenges in the years ahead. The power sector will remain the main driver of global coal demand between now and 2035 in all three scenarios. Power generation accounts, respectively, just over 80% and around 75% of the increase in world coal demand in both the Current and New Policies Scenarios. The IEA analysis of the international coal market shows that for all the talk about natural gas and renewables, coal unquestionably won the energy race in the first decade of the 21st century. Between 2000 and 2010 primary coal demand grew by 4.4% per year, which is well above the average of 2.7% natural gas and 1.1% oil. In 2010, world coal demand was almost 55% higher than in 2000, which is a bigger increase in both volume and percentage terms than any other fuel category, including renewables. India has a long history of commercial coal mining covering nearly 220 years starting from 1774 by M/s Sumner and Heatly of East India Company in the Raniganj Coalfield along the Western bank of river Damodar. However, about a century the growth of Indian coal mining remained sluggish want of demand but the introduction of steam locomotives in 1853 gave a fillip to it. Within a short span, production rose to an annual average of 1 million tonne (mt) and India could produce 6.12 mts. per year by 1900 and 18 mts per year by 1920. The production got a sudden boost from the First World War but went through a slump in the early thirties. The production reached a level of 29 mts. by 1942 and 30 mts. by 1946(1). Commercial primary energy consumption in India has grown by about 700% in the last four decades. The current per capita commercial primary energy consumption in India is about 350 kgoe/year which is well
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
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