Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2522845803', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2016-02/47/3533', 'title': 'Electrodeposition of Titanium in Water−Soluble KF−KCl Molten Salt', 'display_name': 'Electrodeposition of Titanium in Water−Soluble KF−KCl Molten Salt', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2522845803', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2016-02/47/3533', 'mag': '2522845803'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2016-02/47/3533', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210168594', 'display_name': 'Meeting abstracts/Meeting abstracts (Electrochemical Society. CD-ROM)', 'issn_l': '1091-8213', 'issn': ['1091-8213', '2151-2035', '2151-2043', '2152-8365'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/236053/1/matertrans.MK201605.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018493407', 'display_name': 'Yutaro Norikawa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-5443'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210095908', 'display_name': 'Advanced Energy (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00rs9dy63', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210095908']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yutaro Norikawa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210095908', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090193449', 'display_name': 'Kouji Yasuda', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-5359'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kouji Yasuda', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Environment, Safety & Health Org., Kyoto University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Environment, Safety & Health Org., Kyoto University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006462905', 'display_name': 'Toshiyuki Nohira', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4053-554X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210095908', 'display_name': 'Advanced Energy (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00rs9dy63', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210095908']}], 'countries': ['JP', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Toshiyuki Nohira', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I4210095908']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 66}, 'biblio': {'volume': 'MA2016-02', 'issue': '47', 'first_page': '3533', 'last_page': '3533'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11947', 'display_name': 'Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes', 'score': 0.8569, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1507', 'display_name': 'Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11947', 'display_name': 'Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes', 'score': 0.8569, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1507', 'display_name': 'Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14128', 'display_name': 'Metallurgical and Alloy Processes', 'score': 0.8223, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2500', 'display_name': 'General Materials Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12017', 'display_name': 'Recycling and Waste Management Techniques', 'score': 0.7411, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2311', 'display_name': 'Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780828025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182', 'display_name': 'Fluoride', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8608513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778353533', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931010', 'display_name': 'Molten salt', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7722403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C506065880', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716', 'display_name': 'Titanium', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7721876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778695967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44791900', 'display_name': 'Chloride', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6912135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C20625102', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056', 'display_name': 'Corrosion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66293925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.51744944}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179104552', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165', 'display_name': 'Inorganic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.51612556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49085504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776371256', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12370', 'display_name': 'Salt (chemistry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48692596}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781448156', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182', 'display_name': 'Coating', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.453255}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C51807945', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503392', 'display_name': 'Electroplating', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41576985}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37100577}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35524458}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10831678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779227376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497', 'display_name': 'Layer (electronics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.06997827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0514386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2016-02/47/3533', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210168594', 'display_name': 'Meeting abstracts/Meeting abstracts (Electrochemical Society. CD-ROM)', 'issn_l': '1091-8213', 'issn': ['1091-8213', '2151-2035', '2151-2043', '2152-8365'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/2433/236053', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/236053/1/matertrans.MK201605.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401454', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'host_organization_name': 'Kyoto University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Kyoto University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/2433/236053', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/236053/1/matertrans.MK201605.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401454', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'host_organization_name': 'Kyoto University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Kyoto University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.64, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W968773416', 'https://openalex.org/W3197368573', 'https://openalex.org/W2969851177', 'https://openalex.org/W2392905164', 'https://openalex.org/W2358378284', 'https://openalex.org/W2185683615', 'https://openalex.org/W2178170325', 'https://openalex.org/W2019442459', 'https://openalex.org/W1975700181', 'https://openalex.org/W189299056'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'1.': [0], 'Introduction': [1], 'Metallic': [2], 'titanium': [3, 49, 64, 89, 102], 'has': [4, 81], 'superior': [5], 'properties': [6], 'such': [7, 136, 143], 'as': [8, 84, 123, 137, 144, 303, 325, 526], 'corrosion': [9, 43], 'resistance,': [10, 12], 'heat': [11], 'specific': [13], 'strength,': [14], 'etc.': [15], 'However,': [16, 172], 'its': [17], 'high': [18, 42, 46], 'production': [19], 'cost': [20], 'and': [21, 45, 115, 127, 161, 165, 202, 228, 267, 293, 306, 331, 338, 372, 385, 411, 456, 506, 512], 'poor': [22], 'workability': [23], 'hinder': [24], 'the': [25, 39, 67, 101, 148, 175, 178, 186, 190, 194, 198, 235, 247, 252, 260, 301, 346, 352, 365, 380, 397, 400, 412, 433, 445, 469, 476, 496, 498, 510], 'wide': [26], 'spread': [27], 'use': [28], 'of': [29, 41, 48, 62, 88, 174, 200, 217, 254, 262, 345, 355, 399, 403, 408, 416, 432, 449, 460, 500, 502, 521], 'titanium.': [30], 'Coating': [31], 'technology': [32], 'is': [33, 75], 'a': [34, 60, 70, 85, 213, 220, 280, 326, 335, 339, 359, 423, 480, 527], 'fascinating': [35], 'method': [36, 87], 'to': [37, 193, 300, 312, 378], 'utilize': [38], 'characteristics': [40], 'resistance': [44], 'strength': [47], 'metal': [50, 357, 463], 'or': [51, 140], 'compounds.': [52], 'Currently,': [53], 'PVD': [54], 'methods': [55], 'are': [56, 97, 206, 230], 'commonly': [57], 'used': [58, 122, 324], 'for': [59, 91, 441, 490], 'coating': [61, 86], 'some': [63, 98], 'compounds,': [65], 'however,': [66], 'deposition': [68, 353], 'onto': [69], 'substrate': [71], 'with': [72, 244, 376, 530], 'complicated': [73], 'shape': [74], 'difficult.': [76], 'Electroplating': [77], 'in': [78, 177, 188, 204, 233, 256, 276, 279, 444, 468, 473], 'molten': [79, 105, 118, 183, 257], 'salts': [80, 106, 119, 184], 'been': [82, 121], 'expected': [83], 'even': [90], 'any': [92], 'shapes.': [93], 'Until': [94], 'now,': [95], 'there': [96], 'reports': [99], 'on': [100, 358, 509], 'electrodeposition': [103, 253], 'from': [104, 133], '[1-7].': [107], 'In': [108, 246, 495], 'previous': [109, 179], 'studies,': [110], 'fluoride': [111, 134], '[3,6],': [112], 'chloride': [113], '[1,2,4],': [114], 'fluoride-chloride': [116, 141, 149], '[4,5,7]': [117], 'have': [120, 211, 479], 'electrolytes.': [124], 'Generally,': [125], 'compact': [126], 'smooth': [128], 'Ti': [129, 255, 294, 304, 307, 313, 336, 462, 491, 503], 'films': [130], 'were': [131, 163, 169, 274, 298, 310, 334, 368], 'obtained': [132, 164, 477], 'melts': [135, 142], 'LiF–NaF–KF': [138], '[3,6]': [139], 'NaCl–KCl–NaF': [145], '[5,7].': [146, 171], 'For': [147], 'mixtures,': [150], 'when': [151], 'F/Cl': [152], 'atomic': [153], 'ratio': [154], 'became': [155], 'higher,': [156], 'better': [157], 'deposits': [158], '(grain': [159], 'size': [160], 'purity)': [162], 'higher': [166], 'current': [167, 414, 507], 'efficiency': [168], 'achieved': [170], 'one': [173], 'problems': [176], 'studies': [180], 'employing': [181], 'fluoride-based': [182], 'was': [185, 323, 349, 390, 464, 487, 524], 'difficulty': [187], 'removing': [189], 'salt': [191, 237], 'adhered': [192, 236, 381], 'deposited': [195], 'Ti,': [196], 'because': [197], 'solubilities': [199], 'LiF': [201], 'NaF': [203], 'water': [205, 377], 'very': [207], 'low.': [208], 'Recently,': [209], 'we': [210, 250], 'proposed': [212], 'new': [214], 'electrodepositon': [215], 'process': [216], 'Si': [218], 'using': [219, 370], 'KF–KCl': [221, 258, 278], 'binary': [222], 'system': [223], '[8].': [224], 'Since': [225], 'both': [226], 'KF': [227], 'KCl': [229], 'highly': [231], 'soluble': [232], 'water,': [234], 'can': [238], 'be': [239, 516], 'removed': [240], 'easily': [241], 'by': [242, 316, 351, 364, 393, 492], 'washing': [243], 'water.': [245], 'present': [248], 'study,': [249], 'investigated': [251], 'after': [259, 374, 447], 'addition': [261, 448], 'K': [263, 287, 356, 404, 450], '2': [264, 288, 405, 451], 'TiF': [265, 289, 406, 452], '6': [266, 290, 407, 453], 'sponge': [268, 295, 457], 'Ti.': [269, 458], '2.': [270], 'Experimental': [271], 'The': [272, 329, 343, 387], 'experiments': [273], 'conducted': [275, 525], 'eutectic': [277], 'dry': [281], 'Ar': [282], 'atmosphere': [283], 'at': [284, 436], '923': [285, 595], 'K.': [286, 641, 643], '(0.1-2.0': [291], 'mol%)': [292], '(10': [296], 'g)': [297], 'added': [299, 401], 'bath': [302], 'sources,': [305], '(IV)': [308, 504], 'ions': [309, 315, 505], 'converted': [311], '(III)': [314], 'proportionation': [317], 'reaction.': [318], 'A': [319, 519], 'Ni': [320], 'plate': [321], 'electrode': [322, 348], 'working': [327], 'electrode.': [328], 'counter': [330], 'quasi-reference': [332, 347], 'electrodes': [333], 'rod': [337], 'Pt': [340], 'wire,': [341], 'respectively.': [342], 'potential': [344, 354], 'calibrated': [350], 'Mo': [360], 'wire.': [361], 'Samples': [362], 'produced': [363], 'galvanostatic': [366, 394], 'electrolysis': [367, 395], 'analyzed': [369], 'SEM/EDX': [371], 'XRD': [373, 430], 'washed': [375], 'remove': [379], 'salts.': [382], '3.': [383], 'Result': [384], 'discussion': [386], 'samples': [388], 'preparation': [389], 'carried': [391], 'out': [392], 'under': [396], 'conditions': [398], 'amount': [402], '0.1-2.0': [409], 'mol%': [410, 455], 'cathodic': [413], 'density': [415, 508], '25-250': [417], 'mA': [418, 438], 'cm': [419, 439], '-2': [420, 440], '.': [421], 'As': [422, 466], 'typical': [424], 'example,': [425], 'Fig.': [426, 474], '1': [427, 659], 'shows': [428], 'an': [429], 'pattern': [431], 'sample': [434], 'prepared': [435], '100': [437, 442], 'min': [443], 'melt': [446], '0.1': [454], 'Electrodeposition': [459], 'crystalline': [461, 513], 'confirmed.': [465], 'shown': [467], 'surface': [470], 'SEM': [471], 'image': [472], '2,': [475], 'granules': [478], 'diameter': [481], 'about': [482], '20': [483], 'μm.': [484], 'No': [485], 'element': [486], 'detected': [488], 'except': [489], 'EDX': [493], 'analysis.': [494], 'presentation,': [497], 'effects': [499], 'concentration': [501], 'morphology': [511], 'orientation': [514], 'will': [515], 'discussed.': [517], 'Acknowledgement': [518], 'part': [520], 'this': [522], 'study': [523], 'collaborative': [528], 'research': [529], 'Sumitomo': [531], 'Electric': [532], 'Industries,': [533], 'Ltd.': [534], 'R': [535], 'eferences': [536], '[1]': [537], 'J.': [538, 557, 565, 568, 576, 590, 602, 614, 622, 628, 651], 'O’M.': [539], 'Bockris,': [540], 'G.J.': [541], 'Hills,': [542], 'I.A.': [543], 'Menzies,': [544], 'L.': [545], 'Young,': [546], 'Nature': [547], ',': [548, 560, 579, 593, 605, 617, 636, 654], '178,': [549], '654': [550], '(1956).': [551], '[2]': [552], 'D.': [553, 572, 584], 'Inman,': [554], 'S.H.': [555], 'White,': [556], 'Appl.': [558, 577, 591, 603, 615], 'Electrochem.': [559, 578, 592, 604, 616, 652], '8,': [561], '375': [562], '(1978).': [563], '[3]': [564], 'De': [566], 'Lepinay,': [567], 'Bouteillon,': [569], 'S.': [570, 600, 630], 'Traore,': [571], 'Renaud,': [573], 'M.J.': [574], 'Barbier,': [575], '17,': [580], '294': [581], '(1987).': [582], '[4]': [583], 'Wei,': [585], 'M.': [586], 'Okido,': [587], 'T.': [588, 645, 649], 'Oki,': [589], '24,': [594], '(1994).': [596], '[5]': [597], 'N.': [598], 'Ene,': [599], 'Zuca,': [601], '25,': [606], '671': [607], '(1995).': [608], '[6]': [609], 'A.': [610], 'Robin,': [611], 'R.B.': [612], 'Ribeiro,': [613], '30,': [618], '239': [619], '(2000).': [620], '[7]': [621], 'Song,': [623], 'Q.': [624], 'Wang,': [625], 'X.': [626], 'Zhu,': [627, 633], 'Hou,': [629], 'Jiao,': [631], 'H.': [632], 'Mater.': [634], 'Trans.': [635], '55,': [637], '1299': [638], '(2014).': [639], '[8]': [640], 'Maeda,': [642], 'Yasuda,': [644], 'Nohira,': [646], 'R.': [647], 'Hagiwara,': [648], 'Homma,': [650], 'Soc.': [653], '162,': [655], 'D444': [656], '(2015).': [657], 'Figure': [658]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2522845803', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T23:23:17.987980', 'created_date': '2016-09-30'}