Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2520805323', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.117.110801', 'title': 'Detection of 15 dB Squeezed States of Light and their Application for the Absolute Calibration of Photoelectric Quantum Efficiency', 'display_name': 'Detection of 15 dB Squeezed States of Light and their Application for the Absolute Calibration of Photoelectric Quantum Efficiency', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-09-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2520805323', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.117.110801', 'mag': '2520805323', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27661673'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.117.110801', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.07379', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056295724', 'display_name': 'H. Vahlbruch', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2357-2338'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03sry2h30', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'display_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0304hq317', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Henning Vahlbruch', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'https://openalex.org/I114112103']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080833831', 'display_name': 'M. Mehmet', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9432-7108'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03sry2h30', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'display_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0304hq317', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Moritz Mehmet', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'https://openalex.org/I114112103']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108745442', 'display_name': 'K. Danzmann', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'display_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0304hq317', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03sry2h30', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Karsten Danzmann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5057767159', 'display_name': 'Roman Schnabel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-4218'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03sry2h30', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210127646']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'display_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0304hq317', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I159176309', 'display_name': 'Universität Hamburg', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00g30e956', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I159176309']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roman Schnabel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany', 'Institut für Laserphysik and Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127646', 'https://openalex.org/I114112103']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Laserphysik and Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I159176309']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 24.283, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 683, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999949, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '117', 'issue': '11', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12153', 'display_name': 'Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12153', 'display_name': 'Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11890', 'display_name': 'Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation', 'score': 0.9945, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1804', 'display_name': 'Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13869', 'display_name': 'Ocular and Laser Science Research', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2731', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/photoelectric-effect', 'display_name': 'Photoelectric effect', 'score': 0.7762874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/absolute', 'display_name': 'Absolute (philosophy)', 'score': 0.4501564}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71570822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83213', 'display_name': 'Photoelectric effect', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7762874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7000679}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165838908', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777', 'display_name': 'Calibration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.599731}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194269254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q661063', 'display_name': 'Squeezed coherent state', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.53433156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84114770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344', 'display_name': 'Quantum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49149406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68717125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735602', 'display_name': 'Quantum optics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46343264}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777487392', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q481201', 'display_name': 'Absolute (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4501564}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43524104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C184779094', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383', 'display_name': 'Atomic physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37239444}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31558436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C152026323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1032070', 'display_name': 'Coherent states', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16199312}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.117.110801', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07379', 'pdf_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.07379', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27661673', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07379', 'pdf_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.07379', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.45}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320320879', 'funder_display_name': 'Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft', 'award_id': 'VA 1031/1-1'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 36, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1756237656', 'https://openalex.org/W1972653359', 'https://openalex.org/W1977240027', 'https://openalex.org/W1986407511', 'https://openalex.org/W1993709603', 'https://openalex.org/W2001013963', 'https://openalex.org/W2001064217', 'https://openalex.org/W2002048525', 'https://openalex.org/W2007355477', 'https://openalex.org/W2007885166', 'https://openalex.org/W2011414768', 'https://openalex.org/W2017674949', 'https://openalex.org/W2029287805', 'https://openalex.org/W2032790923', 'https://openalex.org/W2034616707', 'https://openalex.org/W2038674186', 'https://openalex.org/W2042620337', 'https://openalex.org/W2043163981', 'https://openalex.org/W2043747473', 'https://openalex.org/W2054144999', 'https://openalex.org/W2055350506', 'https://openalex.org/W2060173160', 'https://openalex.org/W2061898774', 'https://openalex.org/W2070259831', 'https://openalex.org/W2080108315', 'https://openalex.org/W2084283839', 'https://openalex.org/W2093856853', 'https://openalex.org/W2108491246', 'https://openalex.org/W2109185030', 'https://openalex.org/W2137698445', 'https://openalex.org/W2147473306', 'https://openalex.org/W2170839177', 'https://openalex.org/W2252795400', 'https://openalex.org/W2299051329', 'https://openalex.org/W2437571239', 'https://openalex.org/W3099453185'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4246922841', 'https://openalex.org/W4237736158', 'https://openalex.org/W4229515626', 'https://openalex.org/W3202488475', 'https://openalex.org/W2985905814', 'https://openalex.org/W2536135945', 'https://openalex.org/W2498348907', 'https://openalex.org/W2365381600', 'https://openalex.org/W2319999480', 'https://openalex.org/W2262959435'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Squeezed': [0], 'states': [1, 47, 128], 'of': [2, 29, 42, 48, 58, 63, 85, 96, 104, 115, 126, 129, 152], 'light': [3, 49, 118, 130], 'belong': [4], 'to': [5, 53], 'the': [6, 27, 39, 55, 97, 116], 'most': [7], 'prominent': [8], 'nonclassical': [9], 'resources.': [10], 'They': [11], 'have': [12], 'compelling': [13], 'applications': [14], 'in': [15, 131], 'metrology,': [16], 'which': [17], 'has': [18], 'been': [19], 'demonstrated': [20], 'by': [21], 'their': [22, 51], 'routine': [23], 'exploitation': [24], 'for': [25, 75, 92], 'improving': [26], 'sensitivity': [28], 'a': [30, 66, 83, 88, 93, 102, 123], 'gravitational-wave': [31], 'detector': [32], 'since': [33], '2010.': [34], 'Here,': [35], 'we': [36], 'report': [37], 'on': [38], 'direct': [40], 'measurement': [41], '15': [43, 134], 'dB': [44], 'squeezed': [45, 127], 'vacuum': [46], 'and': [50, 120], 'application': [52, 125], 'calibrate': [54], 'quantum': [56, 78, 132, 153], 'efficiency': [57], 'photoelectric': [59], 'detection.': [60], 'The': [61, 80, 107], 'object': [62], 'calibration': [64, 81, 108], 'is': [65], 'customized': [67], 'InGaAs': [68], 'positive': [69], 'intrinsic': [70], 'negative': [71], '(p-i-n)': [72], 'photodiode': [73], 'optimized': [74], 'high': [76], 'external': [77], 'efficiency.': [79], 'yields': [82], 'value': [84], '99.5%': [86], 'with': [87], '0.5%': [89], '(k=2)': [90], 'uncertainty': [91], 'photon': [94], 'flux': [95], 'order': [98, 148], '1017': [99], 's−1': [100], 'at': [101], 'wavelength': [103], '1064': [105], 'nm.': [106], 'neither': [109], 'requires': [110], 'any': [111], 'standard': [112], 'nor': [113], 'knowledge': [114], 'incident': [117], 'power': [119], 'thus': [121], 'represents': [122], 'valuable': [124], 'metrology.Received': [133], 'June': [135], '2016DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.110801©': [136], '2016': [137], 'American': [138], 'Physical': [139], 'SocietyPhysics': [140], 'Subject': [141], 'Headings': [142], '(PhySH)Research': [143], 'AreasQuantum': [144], 'metrologyQuantum': [145], 'state': [146], 'engineeringSecond': [147], 'nonlinear': [149], 'optical': [150], 'processesSqueezing': [151], 'noiseGeneral': [154], 'PhysicsAtomic,': [155], 'Molecular': [156], '&': [157], 'Optical': [158]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2520805323', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 94}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 97}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 107}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 87}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 93}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 86}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 65}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 47}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T18:44:21.413319', 'created_date': '2016-09-23'}