Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2490258332', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-111124', 'title': '4. Introduction of Fluorine by Halogen Fluorides : 4.8. Substitution of Fluorine for Bromine and Chlorine in Organic Compounds', 'display_name': '4. Introduction of Fluorine by Halogen Fluorides : 4.8. Substitution of Fluorine for Bromine and Chlorine in Organic Compounds', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2490258332', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-111124', 'mag': '2490258332'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-111124', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463327', 'display_name': 'Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321135', 'host_organization_name': 'Georg Thieme Verlag', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321135', 'https://openalex.org/P4310320000'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Georg Thieme Verlag', 'Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 55}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10947', 'display_name': 'Fluorine in Organic Chemistry', 'score': 0.8603, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3003', 'display_name': 'Pharmaceutical Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/30', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10947', 'display_name': 'Fluorine in Organic Chemistry', 'score': 0.8603, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3003', 'display_name': 'Pharmaceutical Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/30', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorine', 'display_name': 'Fluorine', 'score': 0.9357953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/substitution', 'display_name': 'Substitution (logic)', 'score': 0.49587736}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C46062151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19605', 'display_name': 'Halogen', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9479128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C506198293', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650', 'display_name': 'Fluorine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9357953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C505241676', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688', 'display_name': 'Chlorine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8768021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C517835270', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879', 'display_name': 'Bromine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8369924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5325714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778220771', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522579', 'display_name': 'Substitution (logic)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49587736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3972881}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179104552', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165', 'display_name': 'Inorganic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36337152}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0665248}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780263894', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335268', 'display_name': 'Alkyl', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-111124', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463327', 'display_name': 'Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321135', 'host_organization_name': 'Georg Thieme Verlag', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321135', 'https://openalex.org/P4310320000'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Georg Thieme Verlag', 'Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation', 'score': 0.42}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4243951817', 'https://openalex.org/W2486726644', 'https://openalex.org/W2358272550', 'https://openalex.org/W2087460018', 'https://openalex.org/W2041418640', 'https://openalex.org/W2005842543', 'https://openalex.org/W2002565042', 'https://openalex.org/W1997324055', 'https://openalex.org/W1970052587', 'https://openalex.org/W1569374774'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2490258332', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T12:50:55.926066', 'created_date': '2016-08-23'}