Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2490121868', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18750-8_3', 'title': 'League of Nations Sanctions', 'display_name': 'League of Nations Sanctions', 'publication_year': 1987, 'publication_date': '1987-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2490121868', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18750-8_3', 'mag': '2490121868'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18750-8_3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463716', 'display_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319703', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319703', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Palgrave Macmillan', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063287001', 'display_name': 'Margaret Doxey', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I662221', 'display_name': 'Trent University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ygmq230', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I662221']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Margaret P. Doxey', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Professor of Political Studies,\n Trent University, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Professor of Political Studies,\n Trent University, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I662221']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5063287001'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I662221'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.834455, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 53, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '24', 'last_page': '31'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13938', 'display_name': 'Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics', 'score': 0.9608, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13938', 'display_name': 'Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics', 'score': 0.9608, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12752', 'display_name': 'Global Peace and Security Dynamics', 'score': 0.9571, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/covenant', 'display_name': 'Covenant', 'score': 0.76949203}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207456731', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818', 'display_name': 'League', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9677961}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778069335', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098', 'display_name': 'Sanctions', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8890816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136800757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6335929', 'display_name': 'Covenant', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76949203}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6609783}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776034101', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347', 'display_name': 'Commission', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.64684135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780791683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785', 'display_name': 'Action (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5052541}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777138209', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231002', 'display_name': 'Nationality', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47843674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C48103436', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031', 'display_name': 'State (computer science)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46960697}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4665266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6303427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398', 'display_name': 'Economic history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32570234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17274362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11413529', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366', 'display_name': 'Algorithm', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70036468', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288', 'display_name': 'Immigration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18750-8_3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463716', 'display_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319703', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319703', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Palgrave Macmillan', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.56, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W648709004', 'https://openalex.org/W4377141076', 'https://openalex.org/W4230923908', 'https://openalex.org/W3202294396', 'https://openalex.org/W2229141215', 'https://openalex.org/W2117278079', 'https://openalex.org/W2036086667', 'https://openalex.org/W2036074306', 'https://openalex.org/W2012616042', 'https://openalex.org/W1975735252'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2490121868', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T21:29:28.962576', 'created_date': '2016-08-23'}