Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2486071460', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2016.1215948', 'title': 'A water-model experimental study of vortex characteristics due to nozzle clogging in slab caster mould', 'display_name': 'A water-model experimental study of vortex characteristics due to nozzle clogging in slab caster mould', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-08-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2486071460', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2016.1215948', 'mag': '2486071460'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2016.1215948', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S179017329', 'display_name': 'Ironmaking & Steelmaking Processes Products and Applications', 'issn_l': '0301-9233', 'issn': ['0301-9233', '1743-2812'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112197276', 'display_name': 'P. Srinivas', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87816474', 'display_name': 'Tata Steel (India)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/001wtjx27', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210086519', 'https://openalex.org/I87816474']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145894827', 'display_name': 'Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03w5sq511', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145894827']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'P. S. Srinivas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Automation Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831001, India', 'Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Khargpur, Kharagpur 721302, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Automation Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831001, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87816474']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Khargpur, Kharagpur 721302, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145894827']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002218594', 'display_name': 'Anugrah Singh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-0806'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I83205935', 'display_name': 'Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0077k1j32', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I83205935']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Singh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Metallurgical and Material Science, MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur 302017, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Metallurgical and Material Science, MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur 302017, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I83205935']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016809247', 'display_name': 'Jose Martin Korath', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87816474', 'display_name': 'Tata Steel (India)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/001wtjx27', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210086519', 'https://openalex.org/I87816474']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. M. Korath', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Automation Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831001, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Automation Division, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur 831001, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87816474']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087898545', 'display_name': 'Amiya K. Jana', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-5480'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I145894827', 'display_name': 'Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03w5sq511', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I145894827']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Amiya K. Jana', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Khargpur, Kharagpur 721302, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Khargpur, Kharagpur 721302, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I145894827']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5112197276'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87816474', 'https://openalex.org/I145894827'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.652, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 20, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.823353, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '44', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '473', 'last_page': '485'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11126', 'display_name': 'Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11126', 'display_name': 'Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12092', 'display_name': 'Erosion and Abrasive Machining', 'score': 0.9907, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2302', 'display_name': 'Ecological Modeling'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12540', 'display_name': 'Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics', 'score': 0.9812, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/clogging', 'display_name': 'Clogging', 'score': 0.9170683}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration', 'display_name': 'Penetration (warfare)', 'score': 0.62599534}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/slab', 'display_name': 'Slab', 'score': 0.5744649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/caster', 'display_name': 'Caster', 'score': 0.53334975}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778152828', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488656', 'display_name': 'Clogging', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9170683}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56200935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840', 'display_name': 'Nozzle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.844663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140820882', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722', 'display_name': 'Vortex', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7853346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193493375', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306232', 'display_name': 'Penetration depth', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66744745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80107235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625', 'display_name': 'Penetration (warfare)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62599534}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6164719}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C113740112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5904738', 'display_name': 'Slab', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5744649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779684419', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506832', 'display_name': 'Continuous casting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56333995}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59361812', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1534874', 'display_name': 'Caster', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53334975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45047012}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16635281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496098', 'display_name': 'Casting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4417652}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4344423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119049451', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318070', 'display_name': 'Water model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43196723}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36256358}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187320778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35154128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.23035374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21084261}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20101407}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19209659}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16650128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66938386', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538', 'display_name': 'Structural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16506329}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09721455}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59593255', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663', 'display_name': 'Molecular dynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147597530', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472', 'display_name': 'Computational chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42475967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292', 'display_name': 'Operations research', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/03019233.2016.1215948', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S179017329', 'display_name': 'Ironmaking & Steelmaking Processes Products and Applications', 'issn_l': '0301-9233', 'issn': ['0301-9233', '1743-2812'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'score': 0.76, 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 19, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1986740783', 'https://openalex.org/W1990339448', 'https://openalex.org/W1994035298', 'https://openalex.org/W1996260212', 'https://openalex.org/W2019712863', 'https://openalex.org/W2034953019', 'https://openalex.org/W2036045083', 'https://openalex.org/W2045563086', 'https://openalex.org/W2055013538', 'https://openalex.org/W2056138972', 'https://openalex.org/W2058117738', 'https://openalex.org/W2060938382', 'https://openalex.org/W2071746240', 'https://openalex.org/W2080378173', 'https://openalex.org/W2083249644', 'https://openalex.org/W2088185774', 'https://openalex.org/W2185960931', 'https://openalex.org/W2572721041', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2588315832', 'https://openalex.org/W2581551180', 'https://openalex.org/W2486071460', 'https://openalex.org/W2386819240', 'https://openalex.org/W2385841962', 'https://openalex.org/W2366267676', 'https://openalex.org/W2361320210', 'https://openalex.org/W2358529307', 'https://openalex.org/W2132826211', 'https://openalex.org/W2111208901'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Vortex': [0], 'formation': [1], 'in': [2, 79, 147], 'the': [3, 20, 26, 37, 51, 77, 94, 98, 127, 129, 141, 145, 156], 'continuous': [4], 'slab': [5], 'casting': [6, 57], 'mould': [7, 15], 'is': [8, 34, 45, 74, 153, 166], 'a': [9], 'troublesome': [10], 'phenomenon': [11], 'that': [12, 76, 155], 'can': [13], 'pull': [14], 'powder/slag': [16], 'deep': [17], 'down': [18], 'into': [19], 'liquid': [21], 'core': [22], 'and': [23, 49, 60, 67, 83, 92, 107, 124], 'potentially': [24], 'damage': [25], 'product': [27], 'quality.': [28], 'Submerged': [29], 'entry': [30], 'nozzle': [31, 55], '(SEN)': [32], 'clogging': [33, 82, 106], 'one': [35], 'of': [36, 40, 54, 81, 100, 103, 105, 117, 158], 'prime': [38], 'causes': [39], 'vortex': [41, 65, 95], 'formation.': [42], 'This': [43], 'work': [44], 'designed': [46], 'to': [47, 113], 'investigate': [48], 'quantify': [50], 'inter-related': [52, 87], 'effects': [53], 'clogging,': [56], 'speed': [58], '(CS)': [59], 'SEN': [61, 130, 148], 'submergence': [62, 131, 149], 'depth': [63, 69, 132, 150, 161], 'on': [64, 89, 137], 'frequency': [66, 123], 'penetration': [68, 121, 142], 'through': [70], 'water-model': [71], 'experiments.': [72], 'It': [73], 'observed': [75], 'increase': [78, 146], 'degree': [80, 104], 'CS': [84], 'has': [85, 133], 'an': [86], 'effect': [88, 136], 'flow': [90], 'asymmetry': [91], 'impacted': [93], 'characteristics.': [96], 'At': [97], 'combination': [99], 'highest': [101], 'values': [102, 116], 'CS,': [108], 'vortices': [109, 159], 'formed': [110], 'are': [111], 'found': [112, 154], 'have': [114], 'high': [115], 'top-diameter,': [118], 'rotational': [119], 'speed,': [120], 'depth,': [122], 'life.': [125], 'On': [126], 'contrary,': [128], 'showed': [134], 'limited': [135], 'these': [138], 'aspects': [139], 'except': [140], 'depth.': [143], 'With': [144], 'values,': [151], 'it': [152], 'number': [157], 'having': [160], 'greater': [162], 'than': [163], '80': [164], 'mm': [165], 'increased.': [167]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2486071460', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-06T11:05:52.623677', 'created_date': '2016-08-23'}