Abstract: Chapter 6 Toxins of Clostridium difficile J. Glenn Songer, J. Glenn SongerSearch for more papers by this authorAshley E. Harmon, Ashley E. HarmonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Kevin Keel, M. Kevin KeelSearch for more papers by this author J. Glenn Songer, J. Glenn SongerSearch for more papers by this authorAshley E. Harmon, Ashley E. HarmonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Kevin Keel, M. Kevin KeelSearch for more papers by this author Francisco A. Uzal DVM, FRVC, MSc, PhD, Dipl. ACVP, Francisco A. Uzal DVM, FRVC, MSc, PhD, Dipl. ACVP Professor of Veterinary Diagnostic Pathology California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, San Bernardino, California, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. Glenn Songer MA, PhD, Fellow AAM, Dipl. ACVM, J. Glenn Songer MA, PhD, Fellow AAM, Dipl. ACVM Professor (Emeritus) of Veterinary Science and Microbiology College of Agriculture, The University of Arizona in Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn F. Prescott MA, VetMB, PhD, FCAHS, John F. Prescott MA, VetMB, PhD, FCAHS University Professor Emeritus Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorMichel R. Popoff DVM, PhD, Michel R. Popoff DVM, PhD Anaerobic Bacteria and Toxins, Pasteur Institute, Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this author Book Author(s):Francisco A. Uzal DVM, FRVC, MSc, PhD, Dipl. ACVP, Francisco A. Uzal DVM, FRVC, MSc, PhD, Dipl. ACVP Professor of Veterinary Diagnostic Pathology California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, San Bernardino, California, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. Glenn Songer MA, PhD, Fellow AAM, Dipl. ACVM, J. Glenn Songer MA, PhD, Fellow AAM, Dipl. ACVM Professor (Emeritus) of Veterinary Science and Microbiology College of Agriculture, The University of Arizona in Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn F. Prescott MA, VetMB, PhD, FCAHS, John F. Prescott MA, VetMB, PhD, FCAHS University Professor Emeritus Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorMichel R. Popoff DVM, PhD, Michel R. Popoff DVM, PhD Anaerobic Bacteria and Toxins, Pasteur Institute, Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 April 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118728291.ch6Citations: 2 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Summary The virulence of Clostridium difficile is mediated by two members of the large clostridial cytotoxin family, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB). The genes, tcdA and tcdB, respectively, are located on a large pathogenicity locus (PALoc) in the bacterial chromosome. Toxin synthesis is regulated by an accessory gene regulator quorum-signaling system, mediated via a small thiolactone that can be detected in stools of patients with C. difficile infection (CDI). TcdA and TcdB consist of single, large polypeptide chains with folds stabilized by disulfide bonds. The toxin amino-termini are catalytic and are highly conserved, both function in the target cell cytoplasm by similar mechanisms. Certain strains of C. difficile have recently been associated with widespread epidemics and significantly increased morbidity and mortality attributed to hypervirulence. The most important step in toxin:cell interaction is receptor-mediated uptake of toxins. Citing Literature Clostridial Diseases of Animals RelatedInformation
Publication Year: 2016
Publication Date: 2016-04-08
Language: en
Type: other
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 3
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