Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2460619964', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0003-6', 'title': 'Global standardization or national differentiation of HRM practices in multinational companies? A comparison of multinationals in five countries', 'display_name': 'Global standardization or national differentiation of HRM practices in multinational companies? A comparison of multinationals in five countries', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-06-24', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2460619964', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0003-6', 'mag': '2460619964'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0003-6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S38024979', 'display_name': 'Journal of International Business Studies', 'issn_l': '0047-2506', 'issn': ['0047-2506', '1478-6990'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319964', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Macmillan Publishers', 'Palgrave Macmillan'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977/1/files/17086679.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043342297', 'display_name': 'Tony Edwards', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-231X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183935753', 'display_name': "King's College London", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0220mzb33', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I183935753']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Tony Edwards', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Management and Business, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Management and Business, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183935753']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029463781', 'display_name': 'Rocío Sánchez-Mangas', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-851X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I63634437', 'display_name': 'Autonomous University of Madrid', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cby8j38', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I63634437']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rocío Sánchez-Mangas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I63634437']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036439345', 'display_name': 'Patrice Jalette', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-1405'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I70931966', 'display_name': 'Université de Montréal', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0161xgx34', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I70931966']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Patrice Jalette', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Ecole de Relations Industrielles, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Ecole de Relations Industrielles, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I70931966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082665385', 'display_name': 'Jonathan Lavelle', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-3858'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I230495080', 'display_name': 'University of Limerick', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00a0n9e72', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I230495080']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jonathan Lavelle', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I230495080']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037608584', 'display_name': 'Dana Minbaeva', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-3175'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180519160', 'display_name': 'Copenhagen Business School', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04sppb023', 'country_code': 'DK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180519160']}], 'countries': ['DK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dana Minbaeva', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180519160']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 5, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5043342297'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183935753'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3390, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4390, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 11.968, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 83, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.957685, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '47', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '997', 'last_page': '1021'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10907', 'display_name': 'Intercultural Management in Multinational Organizations', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3315', 'display_name': 'Communication'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10907', 'display_name': 'Intercultural Management in Multinational Organizations', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3315', 'display_name': 'Communication'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11047', 'display_name': 'Gender Diversity and Leadership in Organizations', 'score': 0.9903, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3318', 'display_name': 'Gender Studies'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11421', 'display_name': 'Labor Relations and Union Revitalization Studies', 'score': 0.9809, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3321', 'display_name': 'Public Administration'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/international-business', 'display_name': 'International business', 'score': 0.73303753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-performance', 'display_name': 'Organizational Performance', 'score': 0.517424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/variation', 'display_name': 'Variation (astronomy)', 'score': 0.4854551}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158016649', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726', 'display_name': 'Multinational corporation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9639609}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188087704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577', 'display_name': 'Standardization', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8526733}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55958113', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480', 'display_name': 'Indigenous', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7434164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193257486', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3681519', 'display_name': 'International business', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.73303753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139807058', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374', 'display_name': 'Adaptation (eye)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5092131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778334786', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270', 'display_name': 'Variation (astronomy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4854551}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4660035}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90673727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718', 'display_name': 'Product (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45054755}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26271046', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097', 'display_name': 'Economic geography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37700966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155202549', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803', 'display_name': 'International trade', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34597206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.27815896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.25675064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187736073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921', 'display_name': 'Management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.11316651}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07728782}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44870925', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547', 'display_name': 'Astrophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 7, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-016-0003-6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S38024979', 'display_name': 'Journal of International Business Studies', 'issn_l': '0047-2506', 'issn': ['0047-2506', '1478-6990'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702', 'host_organization_name': 'Palgrave Macmillan', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319964', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319702'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Macmillan Publishers', 'Palgrave Macmillan'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977', 'pdf_url': 'https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977/1/files/17086679.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402621', 'display_name': 'INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I39422238', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Illinois at Chicago', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I39422238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Illinois at Chicago'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.cbs.dk/en/publications/03f6df8d-a989-48fa-b5e0-dd11c106c063', 'pdf_url': 'http://aib.msu.edu/events/2014/pdfs/AIB2014_Proceedings.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401458', 'display_name': 'CBS Research Portal (Copenhagen Business School)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I180519160', 'host_organization_name': 'Copenhagen Business School', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180519160'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Copenhagen Business School'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27628', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977/1/files/17086679.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401023', 'display_name': 'Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I143804889', 'host_organization_name': 'Loughborough University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I143804889'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Loughborough University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/10016/25240', 'pdf_url': 'https://e-archivo.uc3m.es/bitstream/10016/25240/1/global_edwards_JIBS_2016_ps.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402641', 'display_name': 'LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4383465926', 'host_organization_name': 'LA Referencia', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4383465926'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['LA Referencia'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.cbs.dk/en/publications/9eef292d-613c-40ed-ae09-3fb986f7a752', 'pdf_url': 'https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/files/45075539/dana_minbaeva_global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_postprint.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401458', 'display_name': 'CBS Research Portal (Copenhagen Business School)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I180519160', 'host_organization_name': 'Copenhagen Business School', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180519160'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Copenhagen Business School'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/57861927/Global_Standardization_or_National_EDWARDS_Accepted_24Apr2016_GREEN_AAM.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/57861927/Global_Standardization_or_National_EDWARDS_Accepted_24Apr2016_GREEN_AAM.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400216', 'display_name': "Research Portal (King's College London)", 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I183935753', 'host_organization_name': "King's College London", 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I183935753'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ["King's College London"], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977', 'pdf_url': 'https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Global_standardization_or_national_differentiation_of_HRM_practices_in_multinational_companies_A_comparison_of_multinationals_in_five_countries/9462977/1/files/17086679.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402621', 'display_name': 'INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I39422238', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Illinois at Chicago', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I39422238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Illinois at Chicago'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Partnerships for the goals', 'score': 0.58, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 90, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1226635712', 'https://openalex.org/W131933911', 'https://openalex.org/W1493027447', 'https://openalex.org/W1575148457', 'https://openalex.org/W1575156869', 'https://openalex.org/W1590388400', 'https://openalex.org/W1609377117', 'https://openalex.org/W1609384072', 'https://openalex.org/W1715977914', 'https://openalex.org/W184632312', 'https://openalex.org/W1847644869', 'https://openalex.org/W1911221108', 'https://openalex.org/W1923279199', 'https://openalex.org/W1944106288', 'https://openalex.org/W195344026', 'https://openalex.org/W195474041', 'https://openalex.org/W1964953479', 'https://openalex.org/W1965354703', 'https://openalex.org/W1967777771', 'https://openalex.org/W1968078288', 'https://openalex.org/W1971748946', 'https://openalex.org/W1977423138', 'https://openalex.org/W1980802183', 'https://openalex.org/W1985114787', 'https://openalex.org/W1986823051', 'https://openalex.org/W1993663609', 'https://openalex.org/W1996535926', 'https://openalex.org/W2017012802', 'https://openalex.org/W2021344902', 'https://openalex.org/W2023983128', 'https://openalex.org/W2029481464', 'https://openalex.org/W2030444258', 'https://openalex.org/W2032717182', 'https://openalex.org/W2044744663', 'https://openalex.org/W2068899441', 'https://openalex.org/W2072772928', 'https://openalex.org/W2073257944', 'https://openalex.org/W2078555927', 'https://openalex.org/W2079925383', 'https://openalex.org/W2080645499', 'https://openalex.org/W2086435828', 'https://openalex.org/W2086582133', 'https://openalex.org/W2087901321', 'https://openalex.org/W2098023424', 'https://openalex.org/W2099828324', 'https://openalex.org/W2106052884', 'https://openalex.org/W2106096361', 'https://openalex.org/W2106108744', 'https://openalex.org/W2109600957', 'https://openalex.org/W2111072395', 'https://openalex.org/W2112326585', 'https://openalex.org/W2114331523', 'https://openalex.org/W2116461992', 'https://openalex.org/W2117552373', 'https://openalex.org/W2123452121', 'https://openalex.org/W2125455011', 'https://openalex.org/W2126599045', 'https://openalex.org/W2131210989', 'https://openalex.org/W2131347970', 'https://openalex.org/W2133341932', 'https://openalex.org/W2134914654', 'https://openalex.org/W2138521677', 'https://openalex.org/W2138941397', 'https://openalex.org/W2141364798', 'https://openalex.org/W2141451443', 'https://openalex.org/W2145274857', 'https://openalex.org/W2153645753', 'https://openalex.org/W2160139646', 'https://openalex.org/W2161399247', 'https://openalex.org/W2163117407', 'https://openalex.org/W2163824853', 'https://openalex.org/W2168758845', 'https://openalex.org/W2182028987', 'https://openalex.org/W2198564651', 'https://openalex.org/W2227752794', 'https://openalex.org/W2480730764', 'https://openalex.org/W2492062447', 'https://openalex.org/W2973282358', 'https://openalex.org/W3123282572', 'https://openalex.org/W3125715642', 'https://openalex.org/W3147011068', 'https://openalex.org/W321726205', 'https://openalex.org/W4206228369', 'https://openalex.org/W4213318625', 'https://openalex.org/W4229738978', 'https://openalex.org/W4230726552', 'https://openalex.org/W4231352231', 'https://openalex.org/W4252806001', 'https://openalex.org/W560988255', 'https://openalex.org/W635018818'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3183948672', 'https://openalex.org/W3125527731', 'https://openalex.org/W3110381201', 'https://openalex.org/W2807899211', 'https://openalex.org/W2460619964', 'https://openalex.org/W2067770419', 'https://openalex.org/W2057937068', 'https://openalex.org/W2029252902', 'https://openalex.org/W2028583254', 'https://openalex.org/W2010644030'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Drawing': [0], 'on': [1], 'a': [2, 6], 'dataset': [3], 'constructed': [4], 'from': [5, 44], 'parallel': [7], 'series': [8], 'of': [9, 13, 24, 48, 52, 61, 66, 75, 79, 107, 132, 141], 'nationally': [10], 'representative': [11], 'surveys': [12], 'multinational': [14], 'companies': [15], '(MNCs),': [16], 'we': [17, 38], 'compare': [18], 'the': [19, 27, 49, 64, 73, 87, 130, 139], 'performance': [20], 'management': [21], '(PM)': [22], 'practices': [23, 67, 80, 92], 'MNCs': [25, 43, 82, 97], 'in': [26, 63, 72, 86, 91], 'UK,': [28], 'Ireland,': [29], 'Canada,': [30], 'Spain,': [31], 'Denmark': [32], 'and': [33, 47, 95, 110], 'Norway.': [34], 'In': [35], 'each': [36, 99], 'country': [37, 46], 'analyze': [39], 'data': [40], 'relating': [41], 'to': [42, 120], 'that': [45, 57], 'foreign': [50], 'affiliates': [51], 'US': [53, 76, 94], 'MNCs.': [54, 77], 'We': [55], 'argue': [56], 'there': [58, 104], 'is': [59, 83, 105], 'evidence': [60, 106], 'standardization': [62], 'nature': [65], 'across': [68, 109], 'countries,': [69, 112], 'particularly': [70], 'evident': [71, 85], 'analysis': [74], 'Standardization': [78], 'among': [81], 'also': [84], 'rather': [88, 125], 'limited': [89], 'variation': [90, 108], 'between': [93], 'indigenous': [96], 'within': [98, 111], 'country.': [100], 'Moreover,': [101], 'even': [102], 'where': [103], 'this': [113], 'cannot': [114], 'be': [115, 127], 'fully': [116], 'explained': [117], 'by': [118], 'adaptation': [119], 'local': [121], 'institutional': [122], 'constraints': [123], 'but': [124], 'can': [126, 137], 'seen': [128], 'as': [129], 'product': [131], 'how': [133], 'distinct': [134], 'national': [135], 'contexts': [136], 'promote': [138], 'take-up': [140], 'practices.': [142]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2460619964', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T10:37:43.042254', 'created_date': '2016-07-22'}