Title: Structural, Geomorphic, and Depositional Characteristics of Contiguous and Broken Foreland Basins: Examples from the Eastern Flanks of the Central Andes in Bolivia and NW Argentina
Abstract: Chapter 25 Structural, Geomorphic, and Depositional Characteristics of Contiguous and Broken Foreland Basins: Examples from the Eastern Flanks of the Central Andes in Bolivia and NW Argentina Manfred R. Strecker, Manfred R. Strecker Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorGeorge E. Hilley, George E. Hilley Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USASearch for more papers by this authorBodo Bookhagen, Bodo Bookhagen Geography Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USASearch for more papers by this authorEdward R. Sobel, Edward R. Sobel Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanySearch for more papers by this author Manfred R. Strecker, Manfred R. Strecker Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorGeorge E. Hilley, George E. Hilley Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USASearch for more papers by this authorBodo Bookhagen, Bodo Bookhagen Geography Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USASearch for more papers by this authorEdward R. Sobel, Edward R. Sobel Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanySearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):Cathy Busby, Cathy Busby Department of Earth Science, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106, USASearch for more papers by this authorAntonio Azor, Antonio Azor Departamento de Geodinámica, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, SpainSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 December 2011 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444347166.ch25Citations: 36 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Summary In this chapter, we contrast the elements of a typical, contiguous foreland basin system in the Bolivian Andes with the broken foreland farther south in northwestern Argentina. We illustrate differences in deposition and geomorphic shape that arise from the structural conditions to which these two systems are subjected. Generally, the principal elements of foreland-basin systems result mainly from accommodation space created by the flexural response of the crust to the topographic load of a fold-and-thrust belt. This leads to the formation of four distinct depozones: the wedge-top, foredeep, forebulge, and backbulge. In contrast, broken foreland basins are formed in areas where retroarc convergence is accommodated primarily along re-activated, high-angle structures. Rather than creating a broad area of consistently sloping mean topography, rock uplift along these structures is often disparate in space and time, leading to the formation of discrete ranges of limited along-strike extent that occur far inboard of the main topographic front of the orogen. The potentially high rock-uplift rates accommodated by steep, reactivated reverse faults favors isolation of the headwater basins of such systems from the downstream fluvial network, leading to sediment ponding behind the rising mountain ranges. In addition, the limited flexural response associated with short wavelength, laterally restricted topography may fail to create large amounts of accommodation space seen in the foredeep depozone that typifies foreland basin systems. Thus, instead of the generally continuous, laterally extensive foreland basin system associated with continental-scale crustal flexure, broken foreland basins, such as in the northwestern Argentine Andes, consist of a set of variably connected, laterally restricted depocenters. These evolve behind actively rising topography or small basins that form within the limited accommodation space created around individual uplifted mountain ranges. 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Publication Year: 2011
Publication Date: 2011-12-30
Language: en
Type: other
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 72
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