Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2415881708', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50442-5', 'title': 'A Comparison of Pressure Flow Studies and Renography in Equivocal Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction', 'display_name': 'A Comparison of Pressure Flow Studies and Renography in Equivocal Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction', 'publication_year': 1984, 'publication_date': '1984-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2415881708', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50442-5', 'mag': '2415881708', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6699982'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50442-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090256652', 'display_name': 'Robert H. Whitaker', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9751-0423'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210156194', 'display_name': "Addenbrooke's Hospital", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/055vbxf86', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466933', 'https://openalex.org/I4210156194']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Robert H. Whitaker', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Departments of Urology and Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Departments of Urology and Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210156194']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031967598', 'display_name': 'M. Buxton‐Thomas', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210156194', 'display_name': "Addenbrooke's Hospital", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/055vbxf86', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466933', 'https://openalex.org/I4210156194']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Muriel S. Buxton-Thomas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['From the Departments of Urology and Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'From the Departments of Urology and Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210156194']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.47, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 75, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.960733, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '131', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '446', 'last_page': '448'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10606', 'display_name': 'Prevalence and Management of Kidney Stones', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10606', 'display_name': 'Prevalence and Management of Kidney Stones', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11174', 'display_name': 'Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections', 'score': 0.9977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11232', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections', 'score': 0.9947, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-urinary-tract', 'display_name': 'Upper urinary tract', 'score': 0.7917774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-obstruction', 'display_name': 'Urinary obstruction', 'score': 0.73067343}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-flow', 'display_name': 'Urinary flow', 'score': 0.57891923}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-tract-obstruction', 'display_name': 'Urinary tract obstruction', 'score': 0.52423936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence', 'display_name': 'Prevalence', 'score': 0.457972}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/radioisotope-renography', 'display_name': 'Radioisotope renography', 'score': 0.42476872}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.94393635}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993461684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181100', 'display_name': 'Upper urinary tract', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7917774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2909579892', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366695', 'display_name': 'Urinary obstruction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.73067343}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2910170020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2500975', 'display_name': 'Urinary flow', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.57891923}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77411442', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181100', 'display_name': 'Urinary system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5584742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778248742', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16957524', 'display_name': 'Urinary tract obstruction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.52423936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126894567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650', 'display_name': 'Urology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43091428}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781182678', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945504', 'display_name': 'Radioisotope renography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42476872}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3265971}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18381128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780091579', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377', 'display_name': 'Kidney', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.14861143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776235491', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625', 'display_name': 'Prostate', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D011866', 'descriptor_name': 'Radioisotope Renography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014517', 'descriptor_name': 'Ureteral Obstruction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003951', 'descriptor_name': 'Diagnostic Errors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011312', 'descriptor_name': 'Pressure', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014517', 'descriptor_name': 'Ureteral Obstruction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014517', 'descriptor_name': 'Ureteral Obstruction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001743', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Bladder', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001743', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Bladder', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014563', 'descriptor_name': 'Urodynamics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50442-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6699982', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 7, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1524461883', 'https://openalex.org/W1979089315', 'https://openalex.org/W1985877191', 'https://openalex.org/W2057541779', 'https://openalex.org/W2127141420', 'https://openalex.org/W2400551839', 'https://openalex.org/W2464215270'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4256100236', 'https://openalex.org/W2738321888', 'https://openalex.org/W266675140', 'https://openalex.org/W2416573068', 'https://openalex.org/W2415881708', 'https://openalex.org/W2412660266', 'https://openalex.org/W2336206380', 'https://openalex.org/W2129920601', 'https://openalex.org/W1994992728', 'https://openalex.org/W1989094888'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'No': [0], 'AccessJournal': [1], 'of': [2, 7, 51, 80, 86, 156, 182, 184, 190, 222, 259, 279, 290, 325, 345, 365], 'Urology1': [3], 'Mar': [4], '1984A': [5], 'Comparison': [6], 'Pressure': [8, 322], 'Flow': [9], 'Studies': [10], 'and': [11, 22, 32, 55, 101, 112, 127, 176, 207, 213, 246, 257, 273, 286, 312, 318, 392], 'Renography': [12, 212, 317, 339], 'in': [13, 62, 82, 216, 253, 323], 'Equivocal': [14], 'Upper': [15], 'Urinary': [16], 'Tract': [17], 'Obstruction': [18], 'Robert': [19, 26, 396], 'H.': [20, 27, 29, 397], 'Whitaker,': [21], 'Muriel': [23, 33, 404], 'S.': [24, 34, 36, 405], 'Buxton-Thomas': [25, 37, 406], 'WhitakerRobert': [28], 'Whitaker': [30, 398], ',': [31], 'Buxton-ThomasMuriel': [35], 'View': [38], 'All': [39, 413], 'Author': [40], 'Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)50442-5AboutPDF': [41], 'ToolsAdd': [42], 'to': [43, 57, 74], 'favoritesDownload': [44], 'CitationsTrack': [45], 'CitationsPermissionsReprints': [46], 'ShareFacebookLinked': [47], 'InTwitterEmail': [48], 'The': [49, 71, 107, 358, 387], 'ability': [50], 'pressure': [52, 93], 'flow': [53, 94], 'studies': [54, 97], 'renography': [56], 'assess': [58], 'obstruction': [59, 81], 'was': [60], 'compared': [61], '32': [63], 'patients': [64], 'with': [65, 219], 'equivocal': [66], 'upper': [67], 'urinary': [68], 'tract': [69], 'obstruction.': [70], 'renogram': [72], 'failed': [73], 'confirm': [75], 'the': [76, 87, 92, 280], 'presence': [77], 'or': [78], 'absence': [79], '39': [83], 'per': [84], 'cent': [85], 'cases': [88], 'as': [89], 'shown': [90], 'by': [91, 106, 386, 401, 409], 'study.': [95], 'Both': [96], 'have': [98], 'advantages,': [99], 'disadvantages': [100], 'technical': [102], 'pitfalls.': [103], '©': [104], '1984': [105, 385], 'American': [108, 388], 'Urological': [109, 389], 'Association': [110, 390], 'Education': [111, 391], 'Research,': [113, 393], 'Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited': [114], 'ByITANO': [115], 'N,': [116], 'SHERRILL': [117], 'L,': [118, 120], 'LERMAN': [119], 'CORICA': [121], 'F,': [122, 305], 'HAUSER': [123], 'M,': [124, 167], 'ROMERO': [125], 'J': [126, 209, 314], 'HUSMANN': [128], 'D': [129], '(2018)': [130, 179, 210, 249, 276, 315, 337, 357], 'ELECTRON': [131], 'BEAM': [132], 'COMPUTERIZED': [133], 'TOMOGRAPHY': [134], 'ASSESSMENT': [135], 'OF': [136], 'IN': [137, 153], 'VIVO': [138], 'SINGLE': [139], 'KIDNEY': [140], 'GLOMERULAR': [141], 'FILTRATION': [142], 'RATE': [143], 'AND': [144], 'TUBULAR': [145], 'DYNAMICS': [146], 'DURING': [147], 'CHRONIC': [148], 'PARTIAL': [149], 'UNILATERAL': [150], 'URETERAL': [151], 'OBSTRUCTION': [152], 'THE': [154], 'PIGJournal': [155], 'Urology,': [157, 191, 223, 260, 291, 326, 346, 366], 'VOL.': [158, 192, 224, 261, 292, 327, 347, 367], '166,': [159], 'NO.': [160, 194, 226, 263, 294, 329, 349, 369], '6,': [161], '(2530-2535),': [162], 'Online': [163, 199, 231, 268, 297, 332, 352, 372], 'publication': [164, 200, 232, 269, 298, 333, 353, 373], 'date:': [165, 201, 233, 270, 299, 334, 354, 374], '1-Dec-2001.Gotoh': [166], 'Yoshikawa': [168], 'Y,': [169], 'Nagai': [170], 'T,': [171, 173, 307], 'Sakakibara': [172], 'Kondo': [174], 'A': [175, 248], 'Miyake': [177], 'K': [178, 272], 'Urodynamic': [180], 'Evaluation': [181], 'Results': [183], 'Endopyelotomy': [185], 'for': [186, 362], 'Ureteropelvic': [187], 'Junction': [188], 'ObstructionJournal': [189], '150,': [193], '5': [195], 'Part': [196, 228, 265], '1,': [197], '(1444-1447),': [198], '1-Nov-1993.Provoost': [202], 'A,': [203, 241], 'Van': [204], 'Aken': [205], 'M': [206, 311], 'Molenaar': [208], 'Sequential': [211], 'Renal': [214, 320], 'Function': [215], 'Brown-Norway': [217], 'Rats': [218], 'Congenital': [220, 250], 'HydronephrosisJournal': [221, 324], '146,': [225], '2': [227, 264], '2,': [229, 266, 330], '(588-591),': [230], '1-Aug-1991.Peters': [234], 'C,': [235], 'Mandell': [236], 'J,': [237, 303, 309], 'Lebowitz': [238], 'R,': [239], 'Colodny': [240], 'Bauer': [242], 'S,': [243], 'Hendren': [244], 'W': [245], 'Retik': [247], 'Obstructed': [251], 'Megaureters': [252], 'Early': [254], 'Infancy:': [255], 'Diagnosis': [256], 'TreatmentJournal': [258], '142,': [262], '(641-645),': [267], '1-Aug-1989.Whitmore': [271], 'Ehrlich': [274], 'R': [275, 356], 'Vascular': [277], 'Integrity': [278], 'Distal': [281], 'Ureter': [282], 'following': [283], 'Combined': [284], 'Tapering': [285], 'Cross': [287], 'Trigonal': [288], 'ReimplantationJournal': [289], '139,': [293], '3,': [295], '(621-624),': [296], '1-Mar-1988.Poulsen': [300], 'E,': [301], 'Frøkjaer': [302], 'Taagehøj-Jensen': [304], 'Jørgensen': [306], 'Nørgaard': [308], 'Hedegaard': [310], 'Djurhuus': [313], 'Diuresis': [316, 338], 'Simultaneous': [319], 'Pelvic': [321], '138,': [328], '(272-275),': [331], "1-Aug-1987.O'Reilly": [335], 'P': [336], '8': [340], 'Years': [341], 'Later:': [342], 'An': [343], 'UpdateJournal': [344], '136,': [348], '5,': [350], '(993-999),': [351], '1-Nov-1986.Ehrlich': [355], 'Ureteral': [359], 'Folding': [360], 'Technique': [361], 'Megaureter': [363], 'SurgeryJournal': [364], '134,': [368], '4,': [370], '(668-670),': [371], '1-Oct-1985.': [375], 'Volume': [376], '131Issue': [377], '3March': [378], '1984Page:': [379], '446-448': [380], 'Advertisement': [381, 414], 'Copyright': [382], '&': [383], 'Permissions©': [384], 'Inc.MetricsAuthor': [394], 'Information': [395], 'More': [399, 407], 'articles': [400, 408], 'this': [402, 410], 'author': [403, 411], 'Expand': [412], 'PDF': [415], 'DownloadLoading': [416], '...': [417]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2415881708', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-01T06:04:26.634563', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}