Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2403233305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.1993.40.2.104', 'title': 'The change of antioxidant enzyme(superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) in the endotoxin infused rat lung.', 'display_name': 'The change of antioxidant enzyme(superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) in the endotoxin infused rat lung.', 'publication_year': 1970, 'publication_date': '1970-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2403233305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.1993.40.2.104', 'mag': '2403233305'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.1993.40.2.104', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-40-104.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S142960510', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis & respiratory diseases', 'issn_l': '1738-3536', 'issn': ['1738-3536', '2005-6184'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319468', 'host_organization_name': 'The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319468'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-40-104.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101109829', 'display_name': 'Jeong Sup Song', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jeong Sup Song', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112114754', 'display_name': 'Chi Hong Kim', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chi Hong Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001388181', 'display_name': 'Soon Seog Kwon', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-1856'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Soon Seog Kwon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022028206', 'display_name': 'Young Kyoon Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9815-4504'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Young Kyoon Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076806657', 'display_name': 'Kwan Hyoung Kim', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kwan Hyoung Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'lnternal Medicine, Cathoüc University Medical College, Seou!, Korea', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019914164', 'display_name': 'Ki Han Han', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ki Han Han', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109383136', 'display_name': 'Hwa Sik Moon', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hwa Sik Moon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113755515', 'display_name': 'Sung Hak Park', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sung Hak Park', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 60}, 'biblio': {'volume': '40', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '104', 'last_page': '111'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10322', 'display_name': 'Respiratory Support and Mechanisms', 'score': 0.8822, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10322', 'display_name': 'Respiratory Support and Mechanisms', 'score': 0.8822, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14165', 'display_name': 'Inflammation biomarkers and pathways', 'score': 0.8108, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10371', 'display_name': 'Immune Response and Inflammation', 'score': 0.799, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775838275', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776', 'display_name': 'Superoxide dismutase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.80811304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777961210', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927148', 'display_name': 'Bronchoalveolar lavage', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6990512}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778760513', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24773045', 'display_name': 'Glutathione peroxidase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.68499047}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6328026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778979269', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106951292', 'display_name': 'Catalase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.62607014}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778004101', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948', 'display_name': 'Antioxidant', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5539936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776468924', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857667', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary edema', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5459012}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777714996', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886', 'display_name': 'Lung', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5351691}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780886150', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234', 'display_name': 'Edema', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46591046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141983124', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188008', 'display_name': 'Respiratory distress', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4288037}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39191926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38942567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3736725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776151105', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814', 'display_name': 'Oxidative stress', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29789045}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28095168}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2794689}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2597952}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.1993.40.2.104', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-40-104.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S142960510', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis & respiratory diseases', 'issn_l': '1738-3536', 'issn': ['1738-3536', '2005-6184'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319468', 'host_organization_name': 'The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319468'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.1993.40.2.104', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-40-104.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S142960510', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis & respiratory diseases', 'issn_l': '1738-3536', 'issn': ['1738-3536', '2005-6184'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319468', 'host_organization_name': 'The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319468'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 12, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1522256835', 'https://openalex.org/W1972874692', 'https://openalex.org/W1999558856', 'https://openalex.org/W2025934313', 'https://openalex.org/W2071356404', 'https://openalex.org/W2101518804', 'https://openalex.org/W2117436852', 'https://openalex.org/W2233936351', 'https://openalex.org/W2235108981', 'https://openalex.org/W2405499385', 'https://openalex.org/W2414304306', 'https://openalex.org/W2417056688'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4232603629', 'https://openalex.org/W2412880932', 'https://openalex.org/W2402497619', 'https://openalex.org/W2376655942', 'https://openalex.org/W2320059355', 'https://openalex.org/W2081911506', 'https://openalex.org/W2069279608', 'https://openalex.org/W2055371653', 'https://openalex.org/W2002662284', 'https://openalex.org/W133415850'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Background:': [0], 'Gram.negative': [1], 'bacterial': [2], 'endotoxin': [3, 23, 67, 123, 137, 250, 272, 294, 323], 'induced': [4, 24], 'septicemia': [5], 'is': [6, 27], 'known': [7], 'to': [8, 30, 75, 157, 232, 333], 'be': [9, 331, 342], 'a': [10], 'leading': [11], 'cause': [12], 'in': [13, 46, 56, 82, 91, 103, 125, 142, 164, 225, 240, 252, 274, 285, 296, 301, 317], 'the': [14, 31, 36, 51, 57, 76, 79, 83, 92, 104, 126, 143, 154, 159, 186, 210, 226, 241, 253, 275, 286, 302, 307, 313, 318, 334], 'development': [15], 'of': [16, 22, 53, 59, 66, 85, 167, 288], 'adult': [17], 'respiratory': [18], 'distress': [19], 'syndrome(ARDS).The': [20], 'mechanism': [21], 'lung': [25, 216, 319], 'injury': [26], 'mainly': [28], 'due': [29, 332], 'activated': [32], 'neutrophils': [33], 'which': [34], 'injure': [35], 'capillary': [37], 'endothelial': [38], 'cells': [39], 'by': [40, 338], 'releasing': [41], 'oxidant': [42], 'radical': [43], 'and': [44, 96, 112, 130, 161, 190, 205, 222, 237, 311, 326], 'resulted': [45], 'pulmonary': [47, 155, 309], 'edema': [48, 310], '.We': [49], 'studied': [50], 'change': [52, 284], 'antioxidant': [54], 'enzyme': [55], 'case': [58], 'large': [60, 93, 127, 254, 276, 303], 'or': [61], 'small': [62, 105, 144], ',': [63], 'intermittant': [64], 'dose': [65, 84, 94, 106, 128, 145, 255, 277, 304], 'infused': [68], 'rat': [69, 77], 'lungs': [70, 147], 'Methods:': [71], 'Endotoxin': [72, 300], 'was': [73, 110, 188, 264], 'given': [74], 'through': [78, 153], 'peritoneal': [80], 'cavity': [81], '7': [86], 'mg/': [87, 98], 'kg': [88, 99], 'body': [89], 'weight': [90, 220], 'group': [95, 129, 278, 305], '1': [97], 'for': [100, 139, 183, 197], '10': [101, 133, 140], 'days': [102, 134, 141], 'group.Bronchoalveolar': [107], 'lavage': [108], '(BAL)': [109], 'done': [111], 'rats': [113], 'were': [114, 148, 162, 230, 244, 281], 'killed': [115], 'at': [116, 180, 192, 234, 246, 324], '6,': [117, 268], '12.': [118], '24': [119], 'hours': [120, 236, 248, 270], 'after': [121, 135, 249, 267, 271, 293, 321], 'single': [122], 'injection': [124, 138, 251, 273, 295], '3.': [131], '7.': [132], 'daily': [136], 'group.The': [146], 'perfused': [149], 'with': [150], 'normal': [151], 'saline': [152], 'artery': [156], 'remove': [158], 'blood': [160], 'homogenized': [163], '5': [165], 'volume': [166], '50': [168], 'mM': [169, 175], 'potassium': [170], 'phosphate': [171], 'buffer': [172], 'containing': [173], '0.1': [174], 'EDT': [176], 'A.': [177], 'After': [178], 'centrifuging': [179], '100,000': [181], 'g': [182], '60': [184], 'minute,': [185], 'supernatent': [187], 'removed': [189], 'stored': [191], '-70': [193], "'C": [194], 'until': [195], 'measuring': [196], 'superoxide': [198], 'dismutase': [199], '(SOD),': [200], 'catalase,': [201, 291], 'glutathione': [202], 'peroxidase': [203], '(GSH.Px)': [204], 'protein': [206], 'Resu1ts:': [207], 'We': [208], 'observed': [209], 'follo': [211], '\\V': [212], 'ing': [213], 'results.1)': [214], 'The': [215], 'wet': [217], '/': [218], 'dry': [219], 'ratio': [221], 'albumin': [223], 'concentration': [224], 'BAL': [227, 242], 'f1': [228], 'uids': [229], 'increased': [231], 'peak': [233, 245], '12': [235, 269, 327], 'neutrophil': [238], 'number': [239], 'fluids': [243], '6': [247, 325], 'group.2)': [256], 'Cu,': [257, 314], 'Zn': [258, 315], 'SOD': [259, 316], '(I': [260], 'U/': [261], 'mg': [262], 'protein)': [263], 'significantly': [265], 'decreased': [266, 312], '3)': [279], 'There': [280], 'no': [282], 'singnificant': [283], 'level': [287], 'Mn': [289], 'SOD,': [290], 'GSH.Px': [292], 'both': [297], 'groups': [298], 'Conclusion:': [299], 'produced': [306], 'acute': [308], 'tissue': [320], 'injecting': [322], 'hours.These': [328], 'phenomenon': [329], 'may': [330], 'cell': [335], 'membrane': [336], 'damage': [337], 'endotoxin.Further': [339], 'research': [340], 'would': [341], 'necessary': [343], 'whther': [344], '•본': [345], '논문은': [346], '1993': [347]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2403233305', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T13:12:59.246783', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}