Title: The treatment of upper ureteral calculi with second-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy under local anesthesia
Abstract: Objective To explore the efficacy and the safety of second-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)in treatment of upper ureteral calculi under local anesthesia.Methods A total of 205 cases with upper ureteral calculi aged 18-72 years(mean age:43 years,130 males,75 females)were subjected to secound-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy,among which,59 were with multiple stones in left kidney,74 with multiple stones in right kindey,50 with multiple stones in both kidney,20 with impacted upper-ureteral calculi,and 2 with solitary multiple kidney stones.The diameters of stones ranged from 1.2 to 7.3 cm,with the average value of 4.0 cm.Results One hundred and eight cases underwent single-session PCNL procedure;82 cases received second PCNL procedure;and 15 cases received third PCNL procedure.The stone-free rate was 91.7%.One hundred and ninety five patients received unilateral PCNL,and 10 received bilateral PCNL.The average hospitalization time was 16 days.Transient fever occurred in 15 cases at the second day after operation.No transfusion due to intraoperative and postoperative bleeding occurred.Also no water intoxication and pleural perforation occurred in the patients.Only one case complicated with postoperative colonic perforation,and was cured after extraction of the cannula.Conclusion The treatment of upper ureteral calculi with second-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy under local anesthesia is safe and effective.The operation has the advantages of being efficient,economic,security,and having fewer complications.
Publication Year: 2009
Publication Date: 2009-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
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