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Title: $From New Democracy to Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: The Historical Destiny and Realistic Enlightenment of New Democratic Theory
Abstract: Mao Zedong's new-democratic includes two important aspects.They are of new-democratic and of new-democratic of new-democratic answered a series of questions,such as what and how the revolution should be made by the semi-colonial and semi-feudal eastern countries after the October Revolution in Russia.It developed Marxism-Leninism about the leadership of the proletariat in the democratic revolution and it also solved the problems of concrete forms and strategy for seizing power by armed force.However,from the basic content,the of new-democratic did not go beyond the theoretical scope of Marxism-Leninism.The of new-democratic was the issue that Marxist works had never been involved in.It pointed out the specific ways for the semi-colonial and semi-feudal countries to achieve revolutionary changes after winning the new-democratic revolution.They could transit into a socialist society through adopting a relatively independent social patterns-new democratic society.It was the major innovation of the Marxist of social development.The of new-democratic was preliminarily tested in the liberated areas and in the revolutionary bases areas,and then it was put into practice successfully across the country after the establishment of the People's Republic of China.However,since 1953,Mao Zedong changed his previously right ideas and turned to criticize the establishment of new-democratic social order.He called out the hasty implementation of three major transformations,gave away of new-democratic society,made the mistakes of utopian socialism.And then he launched the Great Leap Forward,People's Commune Movement and the Proletarian Culture Revolution,thus seriously distorting Chinese society.The reason was the lack of a correct understanding of the role of capitalism and the bourgeoisie in socialist construction and the misunderstanding of Lenin's theories about transition period.His theoretical pillars were determinism of the relations of production,the determinism of the superstructure and the so-called theory of ceaseless revolution.There are four inspirations from the unusual historical fate of of new-democratic society.Firstly,it is necessary to gain a clear idea of the relationship between primary stage of and of new-democratic and become fully aware of that the socialism with Chinese characteristics virtually is the return and extension of new democracy.Secondly,it is important to reacquaint the role of capitalism and bourgeoisie in socialist construction and establish the speaking right of reform and opening up.Thirdly,it is essential to draw on experience of building a new democratic society,strengthen the socialist economic,political,cultural,and social construction,and unswervingly follow the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Fourthly,it is beyond any doubt to further emancipate the mind,re-evaluate Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought,uphold and develop Marxism.