Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2339931715', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0233', 'title': 'Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Nawabganj, Bangladesh, focusing on the relationship with other metals and ions', 'display_name': 'Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Nawabganj, Bangladesh, focusing on the relationship with other metals and ions', 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2339931715', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0233', 'mag': '2339931715', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16312955'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0233', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S53450646', 'display_name': 'Water Science & Technology', 'issn_l': '0273-1223', 'issn': ['0273-1223', '1996-9732'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320146', 'host_organization_name': 'Pergamon Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320146'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Pergamon Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/14657/1/WST2005-52-8.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5091203642', 'display_name': 'Koichi Ohno', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-7184'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e16g702', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K. Ohno', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112337385', 'display_name': 'Akihiko Furukawa', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e16g702', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Furukawa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101823261', 'display_name': 'Kenji Hayashi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-517X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e16g702', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K. Hayashi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110877346', 'display_name': 'T. Kamei', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e16g702', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. Kamei', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024205251', 'display_name': 'Yasumoto Magara', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e16g702', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Y. Magara', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.197, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 40, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.850021, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '52', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '87', 'last_page': '94'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10710', 'display_name': 'Arsenic contamination and mitigation', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2304', 'display_name': 'Environmental Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10710', 'display_name': 'Arsenic contamination and mitigation', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2304', 'display_name': 'Environmental Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10139', 'display_name': 'Heavy metals in environment', 'score': 0.9678, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2310', 'display_name': 'Pollution'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11634', 'display_name': 'Water Quality and Pollution Assessment', 'score': 0.9413, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2312', 'display_name': 'Water Science and Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/contaminated-groundwater', 'display_name': 'Contaminated groundwater', 'score': 0.53174794}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-contamination', 'display_name': 'Groundwater Contamination', 'score': 0.47145826}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C502230775', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q871', 'display_name': 'Arsenic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8649281}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112570922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603', 'display_name': 'Contamination', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7778735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132165134', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4796457', 'display_name': 'Arsenic contamination of groundwater', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6582774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76177295', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598', 'display_name': 'Groundwater', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6405201}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107872376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355', 'display_name': 'Environmental chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5699824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.56057453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776053758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105789', 'display_name': 'Heavy metals', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55069846}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993419890', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20113712', 'display_name': 'Contaminated groundwater', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.53174794}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2989071153', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20113712', 'display_name': 'Groundwater contamination', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.47145826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C87717796', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326', 'display_name': 'Environmental engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3836251}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34847364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.24923304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16356272}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13409197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75622301', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791', 'display_name': 'Aquifer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.12566832}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C522964758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586', 'display_name': 'Environmental remediation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.1103442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08236322}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.076892555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187320778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.04913017}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001151', 'descriptor_name': 'Arsenic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004784', 'descriptor_name': 'Environmental Monitoring', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005618', 'descriptor_name': 'Fresh Water', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019216', 'descriptor_name': 'Metals, Heavy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012621', 'descriptor_name': 'Seasons', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014874', 'descriptor_name': 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001151', 'descriptor_name': 'Arsenic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001459', 'descriptor_name': 'Bangladesh', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004784', 'descriptor_name': 'Environmental Monitoring', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005618', 'descriptor_name': 'Fresh Water', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019216', 'descriptor_name': 'Metals, Heavy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014874', 'descriptor_name': 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0233', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S53450646', 'display_name': 'Water Science & Technology', 'issn_l': '0273-1223', 'issn': ['0273-1223', '1996-9732'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320146', 'host_organization_name': 'Pergamon Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320146'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Pergamon Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/2115/14657', 'pdf_url': 'https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/14657/1/WST2005-52-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400549', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (Hokkaido University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'host_organization_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Hokkaido University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16312955', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/2115/14657', 'pdf_url': 'https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/14657/1/WST2005-52-8.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400549', 'display_name': 'Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers (Hokkaido University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205349734', 'host_organization_name': 'Hokkaido University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205349734'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Hokkaido University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.86, 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 4, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1968074857', 'https://openalex.org/W1978895830', 'https://openalex.org/W2002297977', 'https://openalex.org/W2061732361'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4248064698', 'https://openalex.org/W4244824865', 'https://openalex.org/W3134305626', 'https://openalex.org/W3044367992', 'https://openalex.org/W2921797067', 'https://openalex.org/W2477450576', 'https://openalex.org/W2359955288', 'https://openalex.org/W2021634989', 'https://openalex.org/W1519886125', 'https://openalex.org/W1506535118'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Serious': [0], 'arsenic': [1, 47, 60, 89, 116, 164, 171, 198, 206, 214], 'contamination': [2], 'of': [3, 13, 40, 57, 130, 153, 213], 'groundwater': [4, 216], 'in': [5, 27, 66, 70, 96, 113, 135, 158], 'Bangladesh': [6], 'has': [7], 'been': [8], 'frequently': [9], 'reported': [10], 'and': [11, 33, 43, 48, 51, 61, 78, 84, 90, 172, 189, 207], 'is': [12, 126, 166], 'great': [14], 'concern.': [15], 'In': [16], 'this': [17, 97, 141], 'research,': [18], 'repeated': [19], 'water': [20, 41, 58], 'sampling': [21], 'from': [22, 140], 'the': [23, 37, 44, 54, 67, 73, 82, 85, 114, 131, 138, 150, 163, 211], 'same': [24], '10': [25], 'tubewells': [26], 'Nawabganj': [28], 'municipality,': [29], 'Bangladesh,': [30, 136], 'was': [31, 75, 107, 111, 175], 'conducted': [32], 'analysed,': [34], 'focusing': [35], 'on': [36, 81], 'seasonal': [38, 55], 'variation': [39, 56], 'quality': [42], 'relationship': [45], 'among': [46], 'other': [49, 173], 'metals': [50], 'ions.': [52], 'For': [53], 'quality,': [59], 'iron': [62, 91, 125, 154], 'concentrations': [63], 'were': [64], 'higher': [65, 115], 'rainy': [68], 'season': [69], 'general': [71], 'although': [72, 220], 'tendency': [74], 'not': [76, 93], 'consistent': [77], 'it': [79], 'depended': [80], 'tubewell': [83], 'time.': [86], 'Correlation': [87], 'between': [88, 170, 205], 'could': [92], 'be': [94, 156], 'observed': [95, 112], 'study': [98, 142], '(r': [99, 182, 186, 192], '=': [100, 183, 187, 193], '-0.01)': [101], 'when': [102], 'using': [103], 'all': [104], 'cases.': [105, 225], 'This': [106], 'because': [108], 'no': [109], 'correlation': [110, 169, 204], 'concentration': [117, 165], 'range.': [118], 'Arsenic': [119], 'removal': [120], 'by': [121], 'co-precipitation': [122], 'with': [123, 197], 'coexisting': [124], 'known': [127], 'as': [128, 149], 'one': [129], 'locally': [132], 'applicable': [133], 'techniques': [134], 'but': [137], 'result': [139], 'suggests': [143], 'that': [144], 'some': [145, 159, 223], 'additional': [146], 'treatments': [147], 'such': [148], 'extra': [151], 'injection': [152], 'should': [155], 'performed': [157], 'cases,': [160], 'especially': [161], 'where': [162], 'high.': [167], 'The': [168, 202], 'substances': [174], 'also': [176], 'analysed.': [177], 'As': [178], 'a': [179], 'result,': [180], 'manganese': [181], '0.37),': [184], 'molybdenum': [185], '0.33)': [188], 'sulfate': [190, 208], 'ion': [191, 209], '-0.33)': [194], 'significantly': [195], 'correlated': [196], '(p': [199], '<': [200], '0.05).': [201], 'negative': [203], 'implies': [210], 'dissolution': [212], 'into': [215], 'under': [217], 'reductive': [218], 'conditions': [219], 'there': [221], 'are': [222], 'exceptional': [224]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2339931715', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-19T15:12:17.413378', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}