Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2334145563', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301960e', 'title': 'Techno-economic Assessment of Membrane Reactor Technologies for Pure Hydrogen Production for Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleets', 'display_name': 'Techno-economic Assessment of Membrane Reactor Technologies for Pure Hydrogen Production for Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleets', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-03-05', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2334145563', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301960e', 'mag': '2334145563'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301960e', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S186935893', 'display_name': 'Energy & Fuels', 'issn_l': '0887-0624', 'issn': ['0887-0624', '1520-5029'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320006', 'host_organization_name': 'American Chemical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320006'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Chemical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017450213', 'display_name': 'Leonardo Roses', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I93860229', 'display_name': 'Politecnico di Milano', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01nffqt88', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Leonardo Roses', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030995698', 'display_name': 'Giampaolo Manzolini', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6271-6942'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I93860229', 'display_name': 'Politecnico di Milano', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01nffqt88', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Giampaolo Manzolini', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5010798849', 'display_name': 'Stefano Campanari', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-7700'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I93860229', 'display_name': 'Politecnico di Milano', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01nffqt88', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stefano Campanari', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I93860229']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089078628', 'display_name': 'Ellart De Wit', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210163620', 'display_name': 'HyGear (Netherlands)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05pfyvd35', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163620']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ellart De Wit', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['HyGear B.V., Post Office Box 5280, 6802 EG Arnhem, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'HyGear B.V., Post Office Box 5280, 6802 EG Arnhem, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163620']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008194188', 'display_name': 'Michael Walter', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6679-2491'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210163620', 'display_name': 'HyGear (Netherlands)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05pfyvd35', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163620']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael Walter', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['HyGear B.V., Post Office Box 5280, 6802 EG Arnhem, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'HyGear B.V., Post Office Box 5280, 6802 EG Arnhem, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163620']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.409, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 38, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.758363, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 94, 'max': 95}, 'biblio': {'volume': '27', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '4423', 'last_page': '4431'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10495', 'display_name': 'Catalysts for Methane Reforming', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1503', 'display_name': 'Catalysis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10495', 'display_name': 'Catalysts for Methane Reforming', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1503', 'display_name': 'Catalysis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11362', 'display_name': 'Membrane Separation and Gas Transport', 'score': 0.9951, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10811', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen Storage and Materials', 'score': 0.9948, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-technologies', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen technologies', 'score': 0.62756705}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-reactor', 'display_name': 'Membrane reactor', 'score': 0.54509556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/water-gas-shift-reaction', 'display_name': 'Water-gas shift reaction', 'score': 0.5418177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-carrier', 'display_name': 'Energy carrier', 'score': 0.5346742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-reformer', 'display_name': 'Methane reformer', 'score': 0.43752542}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43535742', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556466', 'display_name': 'Steam reforming', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.86092824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202189072', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929999', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen production', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7672698}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C512968161', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6596088}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39380314', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478859', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen economy', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.65395004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C542482507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1854358', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen technologies', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.62756705}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59427239', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858', 'display_name': 'Natural gas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57894456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9682599', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11549077', 'display_name': 'Hydrogen fuel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57539815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97488330', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906016', 'display_name': 'Membrane reactor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54509556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66114498', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466348', 'display_name': 'Water-gas shift reaction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5418177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C7453809', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568469', 'display_name': 'Energy carrier', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5346742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68189081', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748', 'display_name': 'Fossil fuel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52267736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548081761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388', 'display_name': 'Waste management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4466227}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C193015443', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6823567', 'display_name': 'Methane reformer', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.43752542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.39605653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3639773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21880701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042', 'display_name': 'Process engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34658128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34226638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1280356}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07774755}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301960e', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S186935893', 'display_name': 'Energy & Fuels', 'issn_l': '0887-0624', 'issn': ['0887-0624', '1520-5029'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320006', 'host_organization_name': 'American Chemical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320006'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Chemical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.57, 'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W172177995', 'https://openalex.org/W1978045593', 'https://openalex.org/W1982894666', 'https://openalex.org/W1991998969', 'https://openalex.org/W2032163592', 'https://openalex.org/W2045361987', 'https://openalex.org/W2046045282', 'https://openalex.org/W2055354478', 'https://openalex.org/W2100164840', 'https://openalex.org/W2129288307', 'https://openalex.org/W2299799842'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387203710', 'https://openalex.org/W4382914080', 'https://openalex.org/W4368227740', 'https://openalex.org/W4281832627', 'https://openalex.org/W4225863812', 'https://openalex.org/W2526165032', 'https://openalex.org/W2277727683', 'https://openalex.org/W2082332240', 'https://openalex.org/W2026835620', 'https://openalex.org/W1983064897'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 29, 184], 'the': [1, 9, 21, 30, 47, 82, 86, 128, 134, 148, 155, 164, 170, 194, 232], 'evolution': [2], 'toward': [3, 32], 'a': [4, 33, 41, 71, 94, 108, 113, 217, 262, 279], '"carbon-neutral"': [5], 'energy': [6, 27, 39], 'economy,': [7], 'among': [8], 'most': [10], 'promising': [11], 'solutions': [12], 'for': [13, 52, 85, 147, 177, 231, 237, 249], 'replacing': [14], "today's": [15], 'greenhouse': [16], 'gas': [17, 69, 92], '(GHG)-emitting': [18], 'vehicles': [19, 261, 277], 'is': [20, 66, 133, 160, 222], 'use': [22, 48, 135], 'of': [23, 49, 55, 60, 75, 81, 88, 96, 116, 130, 136, 151, 172, 216, 226, 234, 240, 254, 267], 'hydrogen': [24, 89, 117, 144, 153, 179, 241, 268], 'as': [25, 70, 143, 163], 'an': [26], 'carrier.': [28], 'pathway': [31], 'future': [34], 'infrastructure': [35], 'based': [36], 'on': [37, 46, 67, 274], 'renewable': [38], 'sources,': [40], 'medium-term': [42], 'step': [43], 'would': [44], 'rely': [45], 'fossil': [50], 'fuels': [51], 'on-site': [53, 238], 'production': [54, 87, 180, 239], 'hydrogen,': [56, 255], 'feeding': [57], 'small': [58], 'fleets': [59], 'fuel': [61, 275], 'cell': [62, 276], 'vehicles.': [63], 'Great': [64], 'interest': [65, 132], 'natural': [68, 91, 182], 'primary': [72], 'source': [73], 'because': [74], 'its': [76], 'high': [77], 'hydrogen/carbon': [78], 'ratio.': [79], 'State': [80], 'art': [83], 'technology': [84], 'from': [90, 154, 181], 'includes': [93], 'series': [95], 'reacting': [97], 'steps': [98], 'typically': [99], 'involving': [100], 'steam': [101, 203, 218], 'reforming': [102, 199, 204], '(at': [103], '800': [104], '°C': [105], 'or': [106], 'above),': [107], 'water-gas': [109, 211], 'shift': [110, 212], 'reactor,': [111, 201], 'and': [112, 191, 209, 228], 'final': [114], 'purification': [115], 'through': [118], 'pressure': [119], 'swing': [120], 'adsorption': [121], '(PSA).': [122], 'An': [123], 'alternative': [124], 'that': [125], 'has': [126], 'been': [127], 'subject': [129], 'growing': [131], 'thin': [137], '(2–50': [138], 'μm': [139], 'thick)': [140], 'Pd-alloy': [141], 'materials': [142], 'perm-selective': [145], 'membranes': [146], 'embedded': [149], 'extraction': [150], 'pure': [152, 178], 'chemical': [156], 'reactor;': [157], 'this': [158], 'system': [159, 187], 'usually': [161], 'known': [162], '"membrane': [165], 'reactor".': [166], 'This': [167], 'paper': [168], 'studies': [169], 'adoption': [171], 'palladium-based': [173], 'membrane': [174, 200, 205, 213], 'reactor': [175, 206, 214], 'technologies': [176], 'gas.': [183], 'particular,': [185], 'three': [186], 'layouts': [188], 'are': [189, 247], 'analyzed': [190], 'compared': [192], 'to': [193, 258], 'traditional': [195], 'option:': [196], '(i)': [197], 'autothermal': [198], '(ii)': [202], '(externally': [207], 'heated),': [208], '(iii)': [210], 'downstream': [215], 'reformer.': [219], 'The': [220, 245], 'comparison': [221], 'made': [223], 'in': [224], 'terms': [225], 'performances': [227], 'techno-economic': [229], 'considerations': [230], 'design': [233], 'compact': [235], 'systems': [236, 246], 'at': [242], 'filling': [243], 'stations.': [244], 'designed': [248], '50': [250], 'm3/h': [251], '(1766': [252], 'cfh)': [253], 'which': [256], 'corresponds': [257], 'refilling': [259], '25': [260], 'day': [263], 'with': [264, 278], '4': [265], 'kg': [266], '(approximately': [269], '418': [270], 'km': [271], 'driving': [272], 'range': [273], '70': [280], 'MPa': [281], 'storage': [282], 'tank).': [283]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2334145563', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T15:38:32.209720', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}