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'[1]': [1], 'において勾配がある限界値よりも大きい場合には、砂礫と水との混合物の流れは、巨視的には水と砂礫とは一体になって流れるが、勾配が限界値よりも緩くなると、自由水面近傍には砂礫を含まない水の流れが形成される。このような流れを土砂流あるいは掃流状集合流動と呼んでいる。したがって、一流体モデルによる解析においては、上層の流れは通常の清水流の応力モデルが適用でき、下層の流れには、土石流のものが直接適用できる。なお、以下の議論は、あくまで平均流に関するものである。': [2]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2327201143', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-14T07:59:04.245170', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}