Abstract: Hygienic milk production depends on the health of animals, especially on the udder health of cows. The main importance to avoid the negative impact on the milk production is in the early detection of the mammary gland diseases which are complex in nature and multicausal in etiology. Ultrasound is a powerful tool for the evaluation of morphological characteristics of the cow udder and teats. The study was conducted on a dairy farm of Holstein-Friesian breed, where were in total examined 20 mammary glands, respectively 76 functional udders. Ultrasound examination of the udder parenchyma is performed using the direct contact method. Examination of the teat with a high frequency linear probe (6-8 MHz) was conducted by 'water bath' method. Pathomorphological changes in the parenchyma of the udder were detected at five animals, and in udder teats in two animals, wherein the ultrasound indicates an increased heterogeneous echogenicity of milk in the gland cistern, and irregular contours of the teat canal and cistern.