Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2313172352', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/jar.47.1.3630581', 'title': 'From Participant Observation to the Observation of Participation: The Emergence of Narrative Ethnography', 'display_name': 'From Participant Observation to the Observation of Participation: The Emergence of Narrative Ethnography', 'publication_year': 1991, 'publication_date': '1991-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2313172352', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/jar.47.1.3630581', 'mag': '2313172352'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/jar.47.1.3630581', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30381306', 'display_name': 'Journal of Anthropological Research', 'issn_l': '0091-7710', 'issn': ['0091-7710', '2153-3806'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Chicago Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315690', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Chicago', 'University of Chicago Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042764404', 'display_name': 'Barbara Tedlock', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Barbara Tedlock', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5042764404'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 39.853, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 733, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.997596, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '47', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '69', 'last_page': '94'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10149', 'display_name': 'Anthropological Studies and Insights', 'score': 0.9924, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3314', 'display_name': 'Anthropology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10149', 'display_name': 'Anthropological Studies and Insights', 'score': 0.9924, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3314', 'display_name': 'Anthropology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13741', 'display_name': 'Cross-Cultural and Social Analysis', 'score': 0.9872, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3314', 'display_name': 'Anthropology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11944', 'display_name': 'Participatory Visual Research Methods', 'score': 0.9791, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/participant-observation', 'display_name': 'Participant Observation', 'score': 0.77741206}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C179454799', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151', 'display_name': 'Ethnography', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9456039}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194943564', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049', 'display_name': 'Participant observation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77741206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199033989', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295', 'display_name': 'Narrative', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76318157}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177897776', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112983', 'display_name': 'Memoir', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57187074}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5444736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780861071', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934', 'display_name': 'Character (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47093976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3729697}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19165224', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404', 'display_name': 'Anthropology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35604554}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124952713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242', 'display_name': 'Literature', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17316759}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1345895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/jar.47.1.3630581', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30381306', 'display_name': 'Journal of Anthropological Research', 'issn_l': '0091-7710', 'issn': ['0091-7710', '2153-3806'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Chicago Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315690', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Chicago', 'University of Chicago Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.49, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10', 'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 145, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1485260089', 'https://openalex.org/W1485373762', 'https://openalex.org/W1489414671', 'https://openalex.org/W1493129457', 'https://openalex.org/W1496784939', 'https://openalex.org/W1496814751', 'https://openalex.org/W1500104217', 'https://openalex.org/W1501212802', 'https://openalex.org/W1502942484', 'https://openalex.org/W1509583436', 'https://openalex.org/W1515095321', 'https://openalex.org/W1532739891', 'https://openalex.org/W1534806906', 'https://openalex.org/W1578607907', 'https://openalex.org/W1586405747', 'https://openalex.org/W1588282525', 'https://openalex.org/W1591469788', 'https://openalex.org/W1592355905', 'https://openalex.org/W1596573958', 'https://openalex.org/W1602269682', 'https://openalex.org/W1619847424', 'https://openalex.org/W1751182128', 'https://openalex.org/W1907383418', 'https://openalex.org/W1970881444', 'https://openalex.org/W1971390450', 'https://openalex.org/W1972153075', 'https://openalex.org/W1977874070', 'https://openalex.org/W1979731710', 'https://openalex.org/W1987797186', 'https://openalex.org/W1989062271', 'https://openalex.org/W1990304528', 'https://openalex.org/W1992827915', 'https://openalex.org/W1996348460', 'https://openalex.org/W1997261543', 'https://openalex.org/W2000709852', 'https://openalex.org/W2001377045', 'https://openalex.org/W2003129512', 'https://openalex.org/W2004089242', 'https://openalex.org/W2009992990', 'https://openalex.org/W2012597973', 'https://openalex.org/W2013037015', 'https://openalex.org/W2013171971', 'https://openalex.org/W2013798542', 'https://openalex.org/W2014099572', 'https://openalex.org/W2015078321', 'https://openalex.org/W2015336372', 'https://openalex.org/W2016510729', 'https://openalex.org/W2017756153', 'https://openalex.org/W2024891917', 'https://openalex.org/W2025677740', 'https://openalex.org/W2027475934', 'https://openalex.org/W2034529348', 'https://openalex.org/W2036397479', 'https://openalex.org/W2037219960', 'https://openalex.org/W2038786910', 'https://openalex.org/W2042137662', 'https://openalex.org/W2044950274', 'https://openalex.org/W2048203790', 'https://openalex.org/W2058593638', 'https://openalex.org/W2058859507', 'https://openalex.org/W2068304631', 'https://openalex.org/W2068896338', 'https://openalex.org/W2070018782', 'https://openalex.org/W2070260504', 'https://openalex.org/W2070498377', 'https://openalex.org/W2075422028', 'https://openalex.org/W2075459561', 'https://openalex.org/W2076345048', 'https://openalex.org/W2077244539', 'https://openalex.org/W2078467577', 'https://openalex.org/W2088984643', 'https://openalex.org/W2089672323', 'https://openalex.org/W2091479983', 'https://openalex.org/W2091542617', 'https://openalex.org/W2097379326', 'https://openalex.org/W2100827066', 'https://openalex.org/W2105966685', 'https://openalex.org/W2108601212', 'https://openalex.org/W2114133419', 'https://openalex.org/W2114777995', 'https://openalex.org/W2118882740', 'https://openalex.org/W2123146601', 'https://openalex.org/W2135184189', 'https://openalex.org/W2137571198', 'https://openalex.org/W2139766634', 'https://openalex.org/W2143487954', 'https://openalex.org/W2146214157', 'https://openalex.org/W2148357533', 'https://openalex.org/W2150413092', 'https://openalex.org/W2151571419', 'https://openalex.org/W2152534083', 'https://openalex.org/W2168495054', 'https://openalex.org/W2172943634', 'https://openalex.org/W2228801817', 'https://openalex.org/W2283051571', 'https://openalex.org/W2316422744', 'https://openalex.org/W2318423094', 'https://openalex.org/W2318869092', 'https://openalex.org/W2321527241', 'https://openalex.org/W2322866401', 'https://openalex.org/W2325536396', 'https://openalex.org/W2325866582', 'https://openalex.org/W2326312073', 'https://openalex.org/W2328218044', 'https://openalex.org/W2333050627', 'https://openalex.org/W2334980602', 'https://openalex.org/W2481967535', 'https://openalex.org/W2610880366', 'https://openalex.org/W2611744187', 'https://openalex.org/W2788150372', 'https://openalex.org/W2795498296', 'https://openalex.org/W2796132266', 'https://openalex.org/W2796414019', 'https://openalex.org/W2797979063', 'https://openalex.org/W2802177076', 'https://openalex.org/W2970135778', 'https://openalex.org/W3152784682', 'https://openalex.org/W364990440', 'https://openalex.org/W366713138', 'https://openalex.org/W373859471', 'https://openalex.org/W397210320', 'https://openalex.org/W413851918', 'https://openalex.org/W567951187', 'https://openalex.org/W580313156', 'https://openalex.org/W586841723', 'https://openalex.org/W588475879', 'https://openalex.org/W596526462', 'https://openalex.org/W598198115', 'https://openalex.org/W598309363', 'https://openalex.org/W599681029', 'https://openalex.org/W603866799', 'https://openalex.org/W606439453', 'https://openalex.org/W607356385', 'https://openalex.org/W608943482', 'https://openalex.org/W613843220', 'https://openalex.org/W615085180', 'https://openalex.org/W623981908', 'https://openalex.org/W632419930', 'https://openalex.org/W634354741', 'https://openalex.org/W636632746', 'https://openalex.org/W644048317', 'https://openalex.org/W646406894', 'https://openalex.org/W651396331', 'https://openalex.org/W655129723', 'https://openalex.org/W98392983'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W879953183', 'https://openalex.org/W800496036', 'https://openalex.org/W4249431454', 'https://openalex.org/W4241983864', 'https://openalex.org/W4241480872', 'https://openalex.org/W2803609502', 'https://openalex.org/W2313172352', 'https://openalex.org/W2152950344', 'https://openalex.org/W2023787483', 'https://openalex.org/W2009456697'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Beginning': [0], 'in': [1, 9, 73], 'the': [2, 17, 37, 42, 57, 63, 67, 86, 94, 97, 111, 116], '1970s': [3], 'there': [4], 'has': [5], 'been': [6], 'a': [7, 70, 77, 89, 105], 'shift': [8, 61], 'cultural': [10], 'anthropological': [11], 'methodology': [12, 65], 'from': [13, 62], 'participant': [14, 22], 'observation': [15, 18, 23, 43], 'toward': [16], 'of': [19, 36, 39, 44, 76, 115], 'participation.': [20], 'During': [21], 'ethnographers': [24, 46], 'attempt': [25], 'to': [26, 66], 'be': [27], 'both': [28, 47, 96], 'emotionally': [29], 'engaged': [30], 'participants': [31], 'and': [32, 49, 53, 99, 113], 'coolly': [33], 'dispassionate': [34], 'observers': [35], 'lives': [38], 'others.': [40], 'In': [41], 'participation,': [45], 'experience': [48], 'observe': [50], 'their': [51], 'own': [52], "others'": [54], 'coparticipation': [55], 'within': [56, 104], 'ethnographic': [58, 82, 117], 'encounter.': [59], 'The': [60], 'one': [64], 'other': [68], 'entails': [69], 'representational': [71], 'transformation': [72], 'which,': [74], 'instead': [75], 'choice': [78], 'between': [79], 'writing': [80], 'an': [81], 'memoir': [83], 'centering': [84, 92], 'on': [85, 93, 110], 'Self': [87, 98], 'or': [88], 'standard': [90], 'monograph': [91], 'Other,': [95], 'Other': [100], 'are': [101], 'presented': [102], 'together': [103], 'single': [106], 'narrative': [107], 'ethnography,': [108], 'focused': [109], 'character': [112], 'process': [114], 'dialogue.': [118]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2313172352', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 56}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 45}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 33}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 30}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 30}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 33}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-31T02:04:27.847577', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}