Title: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND DEPRESSION AMONG U.S. YOUNG ADULTS
Abstract: Depression and AnxietyVolume 33, Issue 4 p. 323-331 Research Article ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND DEPRESSION AMONG U.S. YOUNG ADULTS Liu yi Lin B.A., Liu yi Lin B.A. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorJaime E. Sidani Ph.D., Jaime E. Sidani Ph.D. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAriel Shensa M.A., Ariel Shensa M.A. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAna Radovic M.D., M.Sc., Ana Radovic M.D., M.Sc. Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PASearch for more papers by this authorElizabeth Miller M.D., Ph.D., Elizabeth Miller M.D., Ph.D. Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PASearch for more papers by this authorJason B. Colditz M.Ed., Jason B. Colditz M.Ed. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorBeth L. Hoffman B.Sc., Beth L. Hoffman B.Sc. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorLeila M. Giles B.S., Leila M. Giles B.S. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorBrian A. Primack M.D., Ph.D., Corresponding Author Brian A. Primack M.D., Ph.D. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Correspondence to: Brian A. Primack, 230 McKee Place Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail: [email protected] for more papers by this author Liu yi Lin B.A., Liu yi Lin B.A. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorJaime E. Sidani Ph.D., Jaime E. Sidani Ph.D. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAriel Shensa M.A., Ariel Shensa M.A. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAna Radovic M.D., M.Sc., Ana Radovic M.D., M.Sc. Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PASearch for more papers by this authorElizabeth Miller M.D., Ph.D., Elizabeth Miller M.D., Ph.D. Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PASearch for more papers by this authorJason B. Colditz M.Ed., Jason B. Colditz M.Ed. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorBeth L. Hoffman B.Sc., Beth L. Hoffman B.Sc. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorLeila M. Giles B.S., Leila M. Giles B.S. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorBrian A. Primack M.D., Ph.D., Corresponding Author Brian A. Primack M.D., Ph.D. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Correspondence to: Brian A. Primack, 230 McKee Place Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail: [email protected] for more papers by this author First published: 19 January 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22466Citations: 427 Contract grant sponsor: National Institute of Mental Health; Contract grant number: R25-MH054318; Contract grant sponsor: National Cancer Institute; Contract grant number: R01-CA140150. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Background Social media (SM) use is increasing among U.S. young adults, and its association with mental well-being remains unclear. This study assessed the association between SM use and depression in a nationally representative sample of young adults. Methods We surveyed 1,787 adults ages 19 to 32 about SM use and depression. Participants were recruited via random digit dialing and address-based sampling. SM use was assessed by self-reported total time per day spent on SM, visits per week, and a global frequency score based on the Pew Internet Research Questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Scale Short Form. Chi-squared tests and ordered logistic regressions were performed with sample weights. Results The weighted sample was 50.3% female and 57.5% White. Compared to those in the lowest quartile of total time per day spent on SM, participants in the highest quartile had significantly increased odds of depression (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.14–2.42) after controlling for all covariates. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of SM site visits per week and those with a higher global frequency score had significantly increased odds of depression (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.86–4.04; AOR = 3.05, 95% CI = 2.03–4.59, respectively). All associations between independent variables and depression had strong, linear, dose–response trends. Results were robust to all sensitivity analyses. Conclusions SM use was significantly associated with increased depression. Given the proliferation of SM, identifying the mechanisms and direction of this association is critical for informing interventions that address SM use and depression. Citing Literature Volume33, Issue4FOCUS ON DONALD KLEIN AWARD WINNER AND FINALISTSApril 2016Pages 323-331 RelatedInformation