Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2280454070', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Synthesis of hydrocarbons by the process of Fischer and Tropsch. [Chemical principles and techniques]', 'display_name': 'Synthesis of hydrocarbons by the process of Fischer and Tropsch. [Chemical principles and techniques]', 'publication_year': 1941, 'publication_date': '1941-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2280454070', 'mag': '2280454070'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5307002-synthesis-hydrocarbons-process-fischer-tropsch-chemical-principles-techniques', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036632370', 'display_name': 'Gunnar Werner', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'G. Werner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5036632370'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 67}, 'biblio': {'volume': '36', 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10903', 'display_name': 'Role of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines in Materials Chemistry', 'score': 0.8127, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10903', 'display_name': 'Role of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines in Materials Chemistry', 'score': 0.8127, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10932', 'display_name': 'Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology', 'score': 0.7931, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10402', 'display_name': 'Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Processing', 'score': 0.7823, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fischer–tropsch-process', 'display_name': 'Fischer–Tropsch process', 'score': 0.93830144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-synthesis', 'display_name': 'Polymer Synthesis', 'score': 0.545827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/photochemical-properties', 'display_name': 'Photochemical Properties', 'score': 0.526091}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62192006', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654400', 'display_name': 'Fischer–Tropsch process', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.93830144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98045186', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663', 'display_name': 'Process (computing)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51125026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21880701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042', 'display_name': 'Process engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42542458}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41338304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C183696295', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696', 'display_name': 'Biochemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35797775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.24336433}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2040134}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17620513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161790260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264', 'display_name': 'Catalysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1612606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118792377', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108584245', 'display_name': 'Selectivity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5307002-synthesis-hydrocarbons-process-fischer-tropsch-chemical-principles-techniques', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W342815304', 'https://openalex.org/W307874570', 'https://openalex.org/W285925223', 'https://openalex.org/W279074118', 'https://openalex.org/W267978288', 'https://openalex.org/W267688834', 'https://openalex.org/W2298990504', 'https://openalex.org/W2242712235', 'https://openalex.org/W2216321', 'https://openalex.org/W215193206', 'https://openalex.org/W202088437', 'https://openalex.org/W201550779', 'https://openalex.org/W1995570033', 'https://openalex.org/W183892100', 'https://openalex.org/W177709398', 'https://openalex.org/W16808697', 'https://openalex.org/W149313567', 'https://openalex.org/W120997106', 'https://openalex.org/W117216675', 'https://openalex.org/W111345924'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2280454070', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T23:43:47.722513', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}