Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2271846067', 'doi': None, 'title': "IMPORTANCE OF INCLUDING REFRACTIVE ERROR TESTS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN'S VISION SCREENING", 'display_name': "IMPORTANCE OF INCLUDING REFRACTIVE ERROR TESTS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN'S VISION SCREENING", 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2271846067', 'mag': '2271846067', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21726100'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21726100/', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S112058147', 'display_name': 'Archives of Iranian Medicine', 'issn_l': '1029-2977', 'issn': ['1029-2977', '1735-3947'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4327874770', 'host_organization_name': 'Academy of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4327874770'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Academy of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046788655', 'display_name': 'Akbar Fotouhi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-6833'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I70640408', 'display_name': 'Tehran University of Medical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01c4pz451', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I70640408']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Akbar Fotouhi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. [email protected]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. [email protected]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I70640408']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083655042', 'display_name': 'Mehdi Khabazkhoob', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-8793'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mehdi KhabazKhoob', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046648460', 'display_name': 'Hassan Hashemi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-1537'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hassan Hashemi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016685590', 'display_name': 'Abbasali Yekta', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4356-9064'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Abbas Ali Yekta', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5107834405', 'display_name': 'Kazem Mohammad', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kazem Mohammad', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.632, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 32, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.855051, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': '14', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '250', 'last_page': '253'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10381', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10381', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10563', 'display_name': 'Corneal surgery and disorders', 'score': 0.9837, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10250', 'display_name': 'Glaucoma and retinal disorders', 'score': 0.9724, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2731', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/astigmatism', 'display_name': 'Astigmatism', 'score': 0.8457043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/anisometropia', 'display_name': 'Anisometropia', 'score': 0.78013396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/vision-disorder', 'display_name': 'Vision disorder', 'score': 0.4172699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/subjective-refraction', 'display_name': 'Subjective refraction', 'score': 0.41144177}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109821595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177895', 'display_name': 'Astigmatism', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8457043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781135284', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470427', 'display_name': 'Refractive error', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8272978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780365402', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247978', 'display_name': 'Anisometropia', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.78013396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C259533', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193933', 'display_name': 'Dioptre', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.77960396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.74114686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119767625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211', 'display_name': 'Optometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.72212625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44249647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498', 'display_name': 'Confidence interval', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66068053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778257484', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555066', 'display_name': 'Visual acuity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62940896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118487528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5051053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205318122', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72277', 'display_name': 'Refraction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50073266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C183380357', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776598', 'display_name': 'Cluster sampling', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42397034}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780773893', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767669', 'display_name': 'Vision disorder', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4172699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781093698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18386005', 'display_name': 'Subjective refraction', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.41144177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.119473964}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0917542}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D012030', 'descriptor_name': 'Refractive Errors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012030', 'descriptor_name': 'Refractive Errors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015351', 'descriptor_name': 'Vision Screening', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002648', 'descriptor_name': 'Child', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016001', 'descriptor_name': 'Confidence Intervals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003430', 'descriptor_name': 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007492', 'descriptor_name': 'Iran', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007492', 'descriptor_name': 'Iran', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000453', 'qualifier_name': 'epidemiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016015', 'descriptor_name': 'Logistic Models', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009184', 'descriptor_name': 'Mydriatics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015995', 'descriptor_name': 'Prevalence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012030', 'descriptor_name': 'Refractive Errors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012574', 'descriptor_name': 'Schools', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014792', 'descriptor_name': 'Visual Acuity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21726100/', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S112058147', 'display_name': 'Archives of Iranian Medicine', 'issn_l': '1029-2977', 'issn': ['1029-2977', '1735-3947'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4327874770', 'host_organization_name': 'Academy of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4327874770'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Academy of Medical Sciences, I.R. Iran'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21726100', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'score': 0.83, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 28, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1538345290', 'https://openalex.org/W1895000374', 'https://openalex.org/W1973481170', 'https://openalex.org/W1979239561', 'https://openalex.org/W1980493440', 'https://openalex.org/W1982696231', 'https://openalex.org/W1989047203', 'https://openalex.org/W2013929433', 'https://openalex.org/W2025595193', 'https://openalex.org/W2026170338', 'https://openalex.org/W2026476146', 'https://openalex.org/W2034644592', 'https://openalex.org/W2036857796', 'https://openalex.org/W2040186218', 'https://openalex.org/W2042708769', 'https://openalex.org/W2050140017', 'https://openalex.org/W2052095846', 'https://openalex.org/W2069024219', 'https://openalex.org/W2094571233', 'https://openalex.org/W2103411248', 'https://openalex.org/W2104918589', 'https://openalex.org/W2110868100', 'https://openalex.org/W2111096990', 'https://openalex.org/W2112893444', 'https://openalex.org/W2128221592', 'https://openalex.org/W2143953163', 'https://openalex.org/W2465414715', 'https://openalex.org/W91785765'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3049237984', 'https://openalex.org/W3029916257', 'https://openalex.org/W2981353230', 'https://openalex.org/W2889626053', 'https://openalex.org/W2783171000', 'https://openalex.org/W2603404699', 'https://openalex.org/W2589319165', 'https://openalex.org/W2553089061', 'https://openalex.org/W2418010883', 'https://openalex.org/W2410161205', 'https://openalex.org/W2326740861', 'https://openalex.org/W2145181673', 'https://openalex.org/W2142397859', 'https://openalex.org/W2073191138', 'https://openalex.org/W2069024219', 'https://openalex.org/W2025434869', 'https://openalex.org/W2023559680', 'https://openalex.org/W2016637633', 'https://openalex.org/W1983895845', 'https://openalex.org/W1973481170'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Background': [0], 'This': [2], 'study': [3], 'determined': [4], 'the': [5, 32, 51, 85, 143, 198], 'importance': [6], 'of': [7, 29, 34, 57, 75, 155, 169, 189, 200, 204], 'including': [8], 'tests': [9, 56, 61, 210], 'for': [10, 172], 'refractive': [11, 205], 'errors': [12, 206], 'in': [13, 31, 79, 84, 125, 140, 214], 'vision': [14, 101, 171, 215], 'screening.': [15, 216], 'Methods': [17], 'In': [19], 'this': [20], 'cross-sectional': [21], 'study,': [22], 'we': [23], 'performed': [24], 'a': [25, 72], 'random': [26], 'cluster': [27], 'sampling': [28, 38], 'schoolchildren': [30, 173], 'city': [33], 'Dezful,': [35], 'Iran.': [36], 'After': [37], 'and': [39, 62, 66, 93, 119, 142, 183, 196], 'obtaining': [40], 'informed': [41], 'written': [42], 'consents': [43], 'from': [44], 'their': [45], 'parents,': [46], 'children': [47], 'underwent': [48, 55], 'examinations': [49], 'at': [50], 'school': [52, 68, 95], 'sites.': [53], 'Students': [54], 'visual': [58, 73, 190], 'acuity,': [59], 'cover': [60], 'cycloplegic': [63, 208], 'refractions.': [64], 'Elementary': [65], 'middle': [67, 94], 'students': [69], 'who': [70], 'had': [71, 99, 117, 121], 'acuity': [74], '20/20': [76, 100, 170], 'or': [77, 102], 'better': [78], 'both': [80], 'eyes': [81], 'were': [82, 114], 'included': [83, 213], 'study.': [86], 'Results': [88], 'From': [90], '3673': [91], 'elementary': [92], 'students,': [96], '2957': [97], '(80.5%)': [98], 'better.': [103], 'Of': [104], 'these,': [105], '16.1%': [106], '[95%': [107], 'confidence': [108], 'interval': [109], '(CI):': [110], '14.8': [111], '-': [112, 162], '17.4]': [113], 'ametropic,': [115], '0.4%': [116], 'myopia': [118], '10.1%': [120], 'hyperopia.': [122], 'Mean': [123], 'sphere': [124], 'those': [126], 'with': [127], 'hyperopia': [128, 182], 'was': [129, 138, 146, 157], '+2.6±0.7': [130], '(range:': [131, 148], '+2.0': [132], 'to': [133, 150], '+7.28)': [134], 'diopter': [135], '(D).': [136], 'Astigmatism': [137], 'detected': [139], '6.6%': [141], 'mean': [144], 'cylinder': [145], '-0.9': [147], '-0.75': [149], '-3.25)': [151], 'D.': [152], 'The': [153], 'rate': [154], 'anisometropia': [156], '1.5%': [158], '(95%': [159], 'CI:': [160], '0.8': [161], '2.0).': [163], 'Conclusion': [165], 'Screening': [167], 'results': [168], 'does': [174], 'not': [175], 'necessarily': [176], 'indicate': [177], 'normal': [178], 'eye': [179], 'status': [180], 'because': [181], 'astigmatism': [184], 'may': [185], 'still': [186], 'be': [187, 212], 'sources': [188], 'discomfort.': [191], 'To': [192], 'identify': [193], 'these': [194], 'cases': [195], 'increase': [197], 'sensitivity': [199], 'screening': [201], 'tests,': [202], 'measurement': [203], 'by': [207], 'refraction': [209], 'might': [211]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2271846067', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-08T14:57:09.887974', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}